MAT261数据采集时离子流强度的底限探测

The researched experiment of the limit ion intensity is finished in collecting data of isotope analysis on the MAT261.When ion intensity is more than 1.0 mV, a precise isotope ratio is gained if maintaining the stability of isotope ion current by strictly controlling electric current of vaporized strip and ionization strip. When ion intensity is between 1.0 mV and 0.5 mV, a reliable isotope ratio can be gained if maintaining the stability of isotope ion current by strictly controlling each step, increasing integral time and collecting data degree .When ion intensity is less than 0.5 mV, a accurate measure can not be done.     

Accurate and precise determination of isotopic ratios by MC‐ICP‐MS: A review

For many decades the accurate and precise determination of isotope ratios has remained a very strong interest to many researchers due to its important applications in earth, environmental, biological, archeological, and medical sciences. Traditionally, thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) has been the technique of choice for achieving the highest accuracy and precision. However, recent developments in multi‐collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC‐ICP‐MS) have brought a new dimension to this field. In addition to its simple and robust sample introduction, high sample throughput, and high mass resolution, the flat‐topped peaks generated by this technique provide for accurate and precise determination of isotope ratios with precision reaching 0.001%, comparable to that achieved with TIMS. These features, in combination with the ability of the ICP source to ionize nearly all elements in the periodic table, have resulted in an increased use of MC‐ICP‐MS for such measurements in various sample matrices. To determine accurate and precise isotope ratios with MC‐ICP‐MS, utmost care must be exercised during sample preparation, optimization of the instrument, and mass bias corrections. Unfortunately, there are inconsistencies and errors evident in many MC‐ICP‐MS publications, including errors in mass bias correction models. This review examines “state‐of‐the‐art” methodologies presented in the literature for achievement of precise and accurate determinations of isotope ratios by MC‐ICP‐MS. Some general rules for such accurate and precise measurements are suggested, and calculations of combined uncertainty of the data using a few common mass bias correction models are outlined. © 2009 Crown in the right of Canada. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 28:990–1011, 2009     

溶解无机碳在地下水中的应用

碳同位素广泛分布于自然界水体中,在降水、地表水、地下水相互转化过程中,同位素分馏作用导致不同水体中具有不同的同位素含量。本文就以位于不同碳酸盐地形的泉为例进行研究,确定区域所处的环境。     

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有机烷烃气碳同位素系列发生倒转的成因有:1.有机烷烃气和无机烷烃气的混合;2.煤成气和油型气的混合;3.“同型不同源”气或“同源不同期”气的混合;4.烷烃气中某一或某些组分被细菌氧化;5.地温增高。     

海拉尔盆地舒1井低蜡稠油成因及其意义

海拉尔盆地巴彦呼舒凹陷舒1井原油密度达0．932g／cm^3，但含蜡量仅为6％，属于低蜡稠油。原油中饱和烃含量仅30％左右，而非烃含量达30％以上；全油碳同位素组成很轻，δ^13C值分布为-34‰～-31‰；原油中类异戊二烯烷烃丰富，且以植烷占明显优势，Pr／Ph值小于0．9；甾烷组成中以ααα-20R构型甾烷为主，αββ构型异胆甾烷低，没有重排甾烷；萜烷组成以五环萜烷为主，三环萜烷含量低；含有丰富的伽马蜡烷和β-胡萝卜烷。原油的各种地球化学参数表明其属于低成熟原油，其成烃母质属于沉积于成水强还原环境的水生藻类有机质，是下白垩统南屯组烃源岩在低成熟阶段形成的产物。图4表1参8     

稳定同位素标记妥布特罗-D9的合成

以自制的叔丁胺-D9为同位素标记前体,以邻氯苯乙酮为起始原料,溴化后,再与叔丁胺-D9经胺化、硼氢化钠还原后得到稳定同位素标记布特罗-D9。采用均匀设计对胺化步骤进行研究,实验数据通过多元回归分析,得出了优化的工艺条件:反应温度59℃,反应时间5 h,三氯甲烷为25 m L,n(溴代酮)∶n(叔丁胺-D9)=1∶2。目标产物结构经质谱(MS)、核磁(NMR)、高效液相色谱(HPLC)表征,产物纯度高于98.0%,同位素丰度高于97.5%(atom D),可作为食品安全领域检测用同位素内标试剂。     

Role of Long-Range Protein Dynamics in Different Thymidylate Synthase Catalyzed Reactions

Recent studies of Escherichia coli thymidylate synthase (ecTSase) showed that a highly conserved residue, Y209, that is located 8 Å away from the reaction site, plays a key role in the protein’s dynamics. Those crystallographic studies indicated that Y209W mutant is a structurally identical but dynamically altered relative to the wild type (WT) enzyme, and that its turnover catalytic rate governed by a slow hydride-transfer has been affected. The most challenging test of an examination of a fast chemical conversion that precedes the rate-limiting step has been achieved here. The physical nature of both fast and slow C-H bond activations have been compared between the WT and mutant by means of observed and intrinsic kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) and their temperature dependence. The findings indicate that the proton abstraction step has not been altered as much as the hydride transfer step. Additionally, the comparison indicated that other kinetic steps in the TSase catalyzed reaction were substantially affected, including the order of the substrate binding. Enigmatically, although Y209 is H-bonded to 3''-OH of 2''-deoxyuridine-5''-mono­phosphate (dUMP), its altered dynamics is more pronounced on the binding of the remote cofactor, (6R)-N⁵,N¹⁰-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate (CH₂H₄folate), revealing the importance of long-range dynamics of the enzymatic complex and its catalytic function.     

不同水汽源控制下的降水同位素分布特征

根据全球大气降水同位素网络中国33个站点降水与气象资料,结合已有中国各地区降水同位素的研究,系统分析了5种不同季风对中国大气降水同位素组成的影响。各个不同水汽来源区表现出的主要的同位素环境地理效应不同。对比分析冬夏稳定同位素分布规律,在夏季δ18O空间分布规律能够更好揭示水汽运移路线,尤其是东部沿海地区。对乌鲁木齐、石家庄、香港三个站点时间序列对比分析,发现不同季风控制下水汽来源对同位素变化具有决定性作用。     

辽东青城子姚家沟钼矿床S、Pb同位素组成及其地质意义

本文对辽东青城子姚家沟钼矿床金属硫化物进行S、Pb同位素测量,探讨成矿物质来源。研究结果表明,金属硫化物δ34S值变化介于2.0‰～3.9‰之间,显示岩浆硫的特点。矿石206Pb/204Pb=17.708～18.854,207Pb/204Pb=15.474～15.669,208Pb/204Pb=37.739～39.097。铅同位素Th/U比值范围为3.74～3.94,μ值介于9.34～9.56之间,均低于9.58 介于地壳与原始地幔值之间,反应矿石铅具深源铅和壳源铅特征,铅同位素特征参数、判别图解结合矿床成矿背景和矿床成因,认为姚家沟钼矿铅同位素组成具混合铅特征,这种混合受俯冲造山作用控制,是一种与岩浆作用有关的壳幔混合铅的成矿作用。     

陆相盆地古气候变化与环境演化、聚煤作用

为了揭示陆相盆地古气候变化与沉积环境、聚煤作用耦合关系,应用同位素地球化学、煤岩学等理论和方法,进行了柴北缘中侏罗统大煤沟组上段(巴柔期)主采煤层煤岩组分、有机碳同位素组成(δ13CO)及其古气候意义研究。研究煤层(7号和F煤层)δ13CO值平均为-23.9‰,分别变化在-26.7‰~-21.6‰和-25.6‰~-22.9‰。根据沼泽、陆源碎屑体系交替演化特征和煤层有机碳δ13CO值变化规律,将大煤沟组上段划分为8个阶段并对应于1个长周期旋回(C1)和3个短周期旋回(C2)。认为低变质煤δ13CO值在反映古大气CO2同位素组成及其含量变化的同时,还记录了聚煤期(植物生长至泥炭化阶段末)古气候(温度和湿度)的变化:湿暖古气候有利于成煤植物对碳同位素分馏及贫13C腐殖质(镜质组前身)的形成,煤δ13CO值降低;干热古气候不利于植物对碳同位素的分馏,但有利于富集13C的惰质组(丝质体)形成,进而引起煤δ13CO值升高。从煤层δ13CO值所反映的气候变化与陆源碎屑体系废弃、复活及聚煤发生、终止关系角度提出了陆相盆地古气候与沉积环境、聚煤作用关系模型,指出在盆地构造活动、基底沉降较稳定和均匀的煤系沉积过程中,气候变化通过盆地和流域内径流深度(年平均降雨量减去年平均蒸发量)和植被发育演化控制了绝对湖平面变化、沉积物的产生和搬运(供给)速率,进而引起盆地内沼泽、陆源碎屑两种矛盾体系的交替与演化。