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11.
《Journal of Great Lakes research》2020,46(5):1240-1250
The African Great Lakes (AGL) have rich fisheries and are renowned “biodiversity hotspots”. Consequently the AGL and the ecosystem services they provide, underpin the welfare and livelihoods of over 50 million people across 10 countries. Despite the recognized importance of the AGL, these vital ecosystems and their livelihood support systems are threatened by numerous anthropogenic stressors at local, regional, and global scales. Past and continued efforts to address critical challenges on these lakes are often short-term, parochial, disparate, and uncoordinated resulting in a lack of comprehensive and comparable scientific data and inadequate resources to influence evidence-based policy. Over the past two decades, several international workshops, conferences and scientific publications have identified the need for collaboration, knowledge sharing, and harmonization of research and management as key elements to enhance conservation efforts in the AGL. In this commentary, we introduce the African Center for Aquatic Research and Education (ACARE), which aims to strengthen research and provide the scientific evidence needed to make informed decisions related to sustainable fisheries and aquatic resource management in the AGL. To do this, ACARE will administer a highly collaborative network of experts with three long-term goals: (1) strengthen global and regional research partnerships; (2) establish transboundary and inter-jurisdictional lake advisory groups; and (3) build capacity of freshwater scientists through experiential education and public engagement. 相似文献
12.
絮凝沉降性能是河湖疏浚淤泥资源化处理中重要且未完善的研究课题。以武汉沙湖、官桥湖及南湖3种淤泥为研究对象,通过沉降筒试验,利用清浑交界面沉降速度和上清液浊度研究了粒径分布、初始含沙量及高分子聚合物对河湖淤泥絮凝沉降特性的影响规律,并探讨了沉降筒尺寸对试验结果的影响。试验结果表明:河湖淤泥粒径越小,淤泥絮凝沉降越慢,上清液浊度越小;随初始含沙量的增加,河湖淤泥整体沉降速度变小,但当初始含沙量增加到一定值后,初始含沙量的影响作用开始变弱;高分子聚合物会促进河湖淤泥絮凝沉降;沉降筒尺寸虽然对试验结果略有影响,但对于分析河湖淤泥絮凝沉降特性无较大影响。研究河湖淤泥絮凝沉降特性对于河湖通航、蓄洪、水质修复、疏浚淤泥的处理均有重要意义。 相似文献
13.
针对四川省雷波县马湖古滑坡群规模的新发现,对其地貌与运动学特征进行详细分析,以期研究该滑坡群的成因.依据钻孔及超声波所测量的马湖湖底地形确定古璜琅河河床特征、古滑坡群平面范围和深度;在古滑坡外形、结构及地质环境现场调查的基础上,重点进行地貌分析、古滑坡群分期和确定各期运动轨迹;运用能量守恒方程计算滑坡速度,辅助确定古滑坡群的形成机制.结果表明:滑坡群规模巨大,面积达18.2 km2(包括湖底部分),体积约20×108 m3;滑坡群按照岩性和结构可以分为3区,形成过程分为4期;古滑坡群为多期地震诱发的顺高陡地层界面的高大、高速、远程滑坡;地貌和运动学分析可作为确定古滑坡成因的一种方法. 相似文献
14.
岱海湖为一内陆封闭型湖泊。本研究利用3、7、12月份冬夏工况,综合考虑岱海湖边界条件,水面温度、密度、水面天然温度、大气温度、相对湿度等影响因子,构建温排水对岱海湖附加蒸发量影响的计算公式。经计算,电厂温排水引起的岱海湖附加蒸发损失量为:3月份为39.46万m3,7月份为73.3万m3,12月份为10.6万m3,岱海湖电厂温排水年附加蒸发水量约为678.2万m3/a。结果表明:附加蒸发量与电厂温排水量变化一致。本研究对干旱区水资源利用具有重要意义。 相似文献
15.
2010—2012年第一次全国水利普查是新中国成立以来第一次全面的水利调查。普查共分8个专项,其中河湖普查开展最早,河湖普查是国务院第一次全国水利普查的主要任务,也是其他水利专项普查的基础。流域水系自然特征校核是河湖特征一项重要的工作,其中对于国普办提取的河流平均比降数据进行校核是一项重要的工作。 相似文献
16.
Andrey N. Sharov Nadezhda A. Berezina Aleksey V. Tolstikov 《Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management》2015,20(2):120-127
This study focuses on hydrological and biotic variables in Lake Glubokoe, which is located in Thala Hills of Enderby Land (East Antarctica). Water and sediment samples and physical measurements were collected once a week in the austral summer (19 December 2010 – 6 February 2011). This lake exhibits perennial ice cover that reached a thickness of 2.5–2.7 m during the study period. A very low concentration of planktonic chlorophyll‐a (0.06–0.45 μg L?1) was measured in the lake, indicating its ultra‐oligotrophic status. The water was poorly populated by algae and metazoans, especially in upper waters below ice cover to a depth of 2 m. Small planktonic organisms (2–5 μm) were observed throughout the study period, but larger organisms (>8 μm) such as the cyanobacteria Planktolyngbya limnetica occurred only during the warmest period (January). Only few individuals of metazoans (rotifers) were found in planktonic samples. Due to deep light penetration (10–15% of incoming active solar radiation reached the depth of 30 m), thick cyanobacterial mats (30 cm) cover all the bottom surface (grey silts) in the lake. Abundant benthic biota associated with these mats was found (up to 1000 ind. m?2). Among the benthic metazoans, bdelloid rotifers and tardigrades were the dominating taxa. The results of this study suggest a typical ecological feature of most subglacial lakes in East Antarctica is that metazoans are very poor in the pelagic zone, preferring instead to occupy an area near the lake bottom because of a favourable constant temperature of 4 °C, good level of dissolved oxygen and available food resources as the bacterial detritus. 相似文献
17.
"碟形湖"是指鄱阳湖湖盆区内枯水季节显露于洲滩之中的季节性子湖泊,具有特殊的地貌特征和水文特性、复杂多变的湿地景观和丰富的生物多样性等特征.在碟形湖及其周边,湿生与水生植物群落有序分布、季节性演替;静水水域有利于底栖动物和鱼类生长育肥;缓慢下降的水位、逐渐伸展的泥滩为越冬候鸟持续提供丰富的食物和歇息环境,全湖80%以上的水鸟在碟形湖区域越冬.高低不一、分布广泛的碟形湖群有效地缓解了干旱、洪水灾害对鄱阳湖湿地生态系统的冲击,对于维护全球生态系统的完整性和生物多样性具有重要作用.最后提出了加强碟形湖保护和管理的对策. 相似文献
18.
Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in Lake Huron consist of wild and hatchery-reared fish distributed among several populations. This study tested whether otolith chemistry can be used to identify the natal origin of Chinook salmon in this system. Concentrations of nine elements (Mg, K, Mn, Fe, Zn, Rb, Sr, Ba, and Pb) in the otoliths of Chinook salmon juveniles from 24 collection sites (17 streams and 7 hatcheries) around Lake Huron were analyzed using laser-ablation inductively-coupled mass spectrometry. Differences in otolith chemistry were found between rearing environments (wild and hatchery), among geological regions (Precambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, and Carboniferous), and among collection sites. Discriminant function analysis showed high classification accuracies of juveniles to their rearing environment (wild versus hatchery, 82%), geological region (84%), and collection site (87%) of origin. With these values, there is excellent potential for otolith chemistry to be used to predict the natal origin of adults, and thus inform research and management of Chinook salmon in Lake Huron. 相似文献
19.
科学认识河湖水系连通问题 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
近年,河湖水系连通问题受到了极大关注,各级水行政主管部门对河湖水系连通的理论问题提出了迫切需求。结合国内外河湖水系连通的实例以及不同专家的意见和建议,对河湖水系连通的相关问题进行了初步梳理和总结,提出了当前推进河湖水系连通工作应注意的几个问题。 相似文献
20.