青海北祁连西段岩金矿成矿地质条件及找矿方向

在北祁连西段甘肃境内金矿找矿取得了巨大成果,但在青海境内,该成矿带上金矿找矿遇到了瓶颈。文章以青海境内已有的典型金矿陇孔、黑刺沟金矿床为基础,结合以往区内金矿研究成果。认为金矿体主要产于下奥陶统阴沟群火山岩组,受区域断裂及次级断裂控制明显,蛇绿混杂岩带内基性—超基性岩浆活动为金矿的富集提供了条件,韧性剪切带是主要的容矿构造。通过对研究区成矿地质条件及地球化学背景初步分析,提出了该区找矿方向。     

大兴安岭乌奴尔地区裸河组沉积地质特征及物源分析

大兴安岭乌奴尔地区裸河组地层位于西伯利亚板块东南缘古生代陆缘增生带,是研究中亚造山带弧沟体系的重要窗口之一,为了解研究区裸河组的沉积特征及沉积物源性质,丰富中亚造山带弧沟体系中的沉积地层,利用沉积地质学及岩石地球化学方法,对裸河组地层沉积地质特征及物源进行研究,取得以下主要进展：①裸河组地层发育平行层理、水平层理,可见3种主要基本层序类型。②沉积物粒度分析结果显示,裸河组为浅海相沉积。③主量元素、微量元素及稀土元素特征指示,裸河组的沉积物源形成于大陆岛弧构造环境。     

北京市漫水河流域山区洪水模拟研究

北京市山丘地区洪水具有汇流快、历时短、破坏强的特点,多发于夏秋季汛期,损失惨重。为此需建立水文预报系统,采用分布式水文模型(EasyDHM)和马斯京根汇流模型演算方法分别进行产、汇流计算,模拟再现漫水河站近几十年内发生的洪水事件。结果发现,率定期参数敏感性分析和优化之后的模型模拟精度有明显提高;验证期模拟洪水发生年份距离模型率定年份越近模拟效果越好,且模拟洪水的洪量模拟效果优于洪峰模拟。     

炼油污水处理中污泥膨胀与生产调控

城市山洪灾害一旦发生具有人员和财产损失大、社会和经济影响严重等特点,它不仅受到城市内部河流、植被、地形等自然因素的影响,也受到道路、地下排水管网、经济发展规模等社会经济因素的影响,因此,研究城市山洪灾害风险,降低城市山洪可能带来的损失对于城市建设和发展具有重要意义。本文以北京市山区为例,基于山区小流域分布数据、水系数据、高程数据、行政区划数据等基础地理数据,依据风险区划评估模型对山区流域进行防洪风险等级的初步划分,以期研究结果对北京市对城市山洪易发地区的风险投资、区域开发和灾害管理提供应用支撑。     

何须魂梦觅瀛洲——道教与明中晚期景德镇青花瓷器纹饰之三仙山

道教是唯一植根于中国,发源于中国古代文化的民族宗教,成仙是道教最终的目标,三仙山作为仙境的载体,是通往仙界的渠道,是成仙的途径,明中晚期道教氛围浓厚,三仙山作为道教的典型元素之一大量体现在瓷器上,这与明中期的帝王喜好和人们的审美情趣是密不可分的。     

煤矸石生态重建模式及其生态环境效应

煤矸石是矿区环境污染和环境恶化源泉之一,以王庄煤矿矸石山植被生态系统从矸石山立地特征 的分析与评价,对植物种子的生长效应及生态效应进行系统地调查研究,提出了煤矸石山植被恢复与生态 重建技术模式。     

The geological process for gas hydrate formation in the Qilian Mountain permafrost

The Qilian Mountain permafrost is the only place where gas hydrate occurs onshore China at present and its gas hydrate distribution is very complex and irregular. What patterns affecting the accumulation of gas hydrate or what process controlling the formation of gas hydrate are not clear in the study area. Aiming at a gas hydrate geological system, the geological process of gas hydrate formation was studied, based on geological data and analytical results obtained from drilling wells in the Qilian Mountain permafrost. As a result, three stages for the geological process of gas hydrate formation are put forward in the study area. During the late Mid-Jurassic, the upper Triassic generated and provided a major gas source for gas hydrate, secondarily in combination with gas associated with oil generated from the middle Jurassic. The main gas source migrated upward via faults of F₁ and F₂, partly and occasionally mixed with the coal-bed methane and the microbial methane produced in the shallow strata. It was blocked jointly by thrust faults and thick mudstone or oil shale to be initially accumulated in gas reservoir. From Cretaceous to Pleistocene, the sedimentary strata experienced erosion and the initial gas accumulation turned into residual gas after series of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau uplift. Since the early middle Pleistocene, glaciations formed a gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ) and the residual gas was coupled with GHSZ to form gas hydrate subsequently. Hence three patterns for the coupling of the residual gas with GHSZ are summarized in the study area. When the residual gas happened to lie within GHSZ, the residual gas directly formed gas hydrate, which was indicated by the drilling results that gas anomalies were encountered within GHSZ as well as occurrences of gas hydrate in the field. When the residual gas was below GHSZ, the residual gas would continually migrate into GHSZ to form gas hydrate, which was indicated by the drilling results that gas anomalies had ever been encountered even if below GHSZ as well as occurrences of gas hydrate within GHSZ in the field. When the residual gas was above GHSZ, the residual gas remained or escaped, which was indicated by the drilling results that gas anomalies even with a high pressure abnormity were encountered in the shallower strata above GHSZ without occurrences of gas hydrate within GHSZ in the field.