串行及并行A/D转换器在高速数据采集中的采样差别性分析

串行和并行接口模式是A/D转换器诸多分类中的一种,但却是应用中器件选择的一个重要指标.在同样的转换分辨率及转换速度的前提下,不同的接口方式不但影响了电路结构,更重要的是将在高速数据采集的过程中对采样周期产生较大影响.本文通过12位串行ADC ADS7822和并行ADC ADS774与AT89C51的接口电路,给出二者采样时间的差异性.     

1/f noise in large-area Hg<Subscript>1−x</Subscript>Cd<Subscript>x</Subscript>Te photodiodes

The 1/f noise in photovoltaic (PV) molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE)-grown Hg_1−xCd_xTe double-layer planar heterostructure (DLPH) large-area detectors is a critical noise component with the potential to limit sensitivity of the cross-track infrared sounder (CrIS) instrument. Therefore, an understanding of the origins and mechanisms of noise currents in these PV detectors is of great importance. Excess low-frequency noise has been measured on a number of 1000-μm-diameter active-area detectors of varying “quality” (i.e., having a wide range of I-V characteristics at 78 K). The 1/f noise was measured as a function of cut-off wavelength under illuminated conditions. For short-wave infrared (SWIR) detectors at 98 K, minimal 1/f noise was measured when the total current was dominated by diffusion with white noise spectral density in the mid-10⁻¹⁵A/Hz^1/2 range. For SWIR detectors dominated by other than diffusion current, the ratio, α, of the noise current in unit bandwidth i_n(f = 1 Hz, V_d = −60 mV, and Δf = 1 Hz) to dark current I_d(V_d = −60 mV) was α_SW-d = i_n/I_d ∼ 1 × 10⁻³. The SWIR detectors measured at 0 mV under illuminated conditions had median α_SW-P = i_n/I_ph ∼ 7 × 10⁻⁶. For mid-wave infrared (MWIR) detectors, α_MW-d = i_n/I_d ∼ 2 × 10⁻⁴, due to tunneling current contributions to the 1/f noise. Measurements on forty-nine 1000-μm-diameter MWIR detectors under illuminated conditions at 98 K and −60 mV bias resulted in α_MW-P = i_n/I_ph = 4.16 ± 1.69 × 10⁻⁶. A significant point to note is that the photo-induced noise spectra are nearly identical at 0 mV and 100 mV reverse bias, with a noise-current-to-photocurrent ratio, α_MW-P, in the mid 10⁻⁶ range. For long-wave infrared (LWIR) detectors measured at 78 K, the ratio, α_LW-d = i_n/I_d ∼ 6 × 10⁻⁶, for the best performers. The majority of the LWIR detectors exhibited α_LW-d on the order of 2 × 10⁻⁵. The photo-induced 1/f noise had α_LW-P = i_n/I_ph ∼ 5 × 10⁻⁶. The value of the noise-current-to-dark-current ratio, α appears to increase with increasing bandgap. It is not clear if this is due to different current mechanisms impacting 1/f noise performance. Measurements on detectors of different bandgaps are needed at temperatures where diffusion current is the dominant current. Excess low-frequency noise measurements made as a function of detector reverse bias indicate 1/f noise may result primarily from the dominant current mechanism at each particular bias. The 1/f noise was not a direct function of the applied bias.     

Moving Least-Squares Differential Quadrature Method for Free Vibration of Antisymmetric Laminates

In this paper, the moving least-squares differential quadrature (MLSDQ) method is employed for free vibration of thick antisymmetric laminates based on the first-order shear deformation theory. The generalized displacements of the laminates are independently approximated with the centered moving least-squares (MLS) technique within each domain of influence. The MLS nodal shape functions and their partial derivatives are computed quickly through back-substitutions after only one LU decomposition. Subsequently, the weighting coefficients in the MLSDQ discretization are determined with the nodal partial derivatives of the MLS shape functions. The MLSDQ method combines the merits of both the differential quadrature and meshless methods which can be conveniently applied to complex domains and irregular discretizations without loss of implementation efficiency and numerical accuracy. The natural frequencies of the laminates with various edge conditions, ply angles, and shapes are calculated and compared with the existing solutions to study the numerical accuracy and stability of the MLSDQ method. Effects of support size, order of completeness of basis functions, and node irregularity on the numerical accuracy are investigated in detail.     

The Two-Dimensional Clifford-Fourier Transform

Recently several generalizations to higher dimension of the Fourier transform using Clifford algebra have been introduced, including the Clifford-Fourier transform by the authors, defined as an operator exponential with a Clifford algebra-valued kernel. In this paper an overview is given of all these generalizations and an in depth study of the two-dimensional Clifford-Fourier transform of the authors is presented. In this special two-dimensional case a closed form for the integral kernel may be obtained, leading to further properties, both in the L ₁ and in the L ₂ context. Furthermore, based on this Clifford-Fourier transform Clifford-Gabor filters are introduced. AMS subject classification numbers: 42B10, 30G35 Fred Brackx received a diploma degree in mathematics from Ghent University, Belgium, in 1970 and a Ph.D. degree in mathematics from the same university in 1973. Since 1984 he is professor for mathematical analysis at Ghent University and currently he is leading the Clifford Research Group. His main interests are function theory and functional analysis for functions with values in quaternion and Clifford algebras. The research covers Clifford distributions, generalized Fourier, Radon and Hilbert transforms, orthogonal polynomials and multi-dimensional wavelets. Nele De Schepper received a diploma degree in mathematics from Ghent University, Belgium, in 2001. Since then she holds an assistantship at the Department of Mathematical Analysis of Ghent University and is a member of the Clifford Research Group. Her main interests are function theory and functional analysis for functions with values in Clifford algebras. The research covers generalized Fourier transforms, orthogonal polynomials and multi-dimensional wavelets. Frank Sommen received a diploma degree in mathematics from Ghent University, Belgium, in 1978, a Ph.D. degree in mathematics from the same university in 1980, and a habilitation degree in mathematical analysis in 1984. From 1978 until 1999 he was at the National Fund for Scientific Research (Flanders). Since 2000 he holds a Research professorship at Ghent University. His main interests are function theory and functional analysis for functions with values in quaternion and Clifford algebras. The research covers Clifford distributions, generalized Fourier, Radon and Hilbert transforms, orthogonal polynomials and multi-dimensional wavelets, algebraic analysis, hyperfunctions and radial algebra.     

电力系统谐波检测的现状与发展

准确、实时地对电力系统谐波进行检测有着重要的意义。本文根据电力系统谐波测量的基本方法，对近年来电力系统谐波检测的新方法进行了分析和评述。最后对电力系统的谐波测量进行了总结并提出了看法。     

A stochastic model for localized disturbances and its applications

A stochastic model for local disturbances, particularly for a temporal harmonic with random modulations in amplitude and/or phase, is proposed in this paper. Results for the second moment responses of a linear single-degree-of-freedom system to this type of stochastic loading demonstrate a significant change in response characteristics due to a small uncertainty. A local phenomenon may last much longer and resonance may be smeared to a broad range. Integrated with wavelet transform, the proposed approach may be used to model a random process with non-stationary frequency content. Especially, it can be effectively used for Monte Carlo simulation to generate large size of samples that have similar characteristics in time and frequency domains as a pre-selected mother sample has. The technique has a great potential for the case where uncertainty study is warranted but the available samples are limited.     

套保稠油油田火烧油层可行性分析

从火烧油层的筛选标准、实际地质条件及室内物理模拟实验入手，对该油田火烧可行性进行了分析。分析结果认为，套保油田进行火烧总体上是可行的，在实际火烧时应避开底水的影响，火烧区域应选在构造高部位或仅烧其主力层。     

Anthocyanin composition of the red wine Babić affected by maceration treatment

Identification of anthocyanins in the wine made of the Croatian autochthonous grape variety of Babić (Vitis vinifera L.) was carried out and their profile was determined by means of high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array and mass spectrometric detection. Dependence of anthocyanins content and profile on maceration treatment conditions was investigated. Statistically significant differences of anthocyanins concentration in wines Babić produced by various maceration treatments were confirmed by the use of multivariate analysis of variances. The investigation results indicated that the maceration temperature exerts higher influence on anthocyanins concentration than the duration of maceration. In addition, on the basis of anthocyanin composition and using different multivariate statistical analyses, differentiation of wines Babić according to maceration treatments was procured.     

加油站油品损耗的管理问题分析及解决办法

针对加油站在油品进、销、存方面因管理和人为作弊而产生的损耗大问题，提出了解决办法：各环节交接手续要严密完备；发货方实施保量运输，选择信誉好的承运方；在销售、储存方面应加强管理，推行加油站计量员、账务员集中管理，主要账表电子表格化，及时上报主管部门，执行责任追究制并与效益工资挂钩。