面向公共安全监测的物联网技术与应用探讨

物联网的发展如火如荼,作为新兴高技术产业的重要组成部分,物联网技术广泛应用于各行各业。介绍物联网在公共安全领域的应用,对现阶段面向公共安全监测的物联网的网络架构、关键技术、应用现状以及发展中的若干问题进行了分析,同时对面向公共安全监测的物联网的发展前景进行了探讨,着重探讨了技术、应用发展方向。     

在直流馈电杆上架设通信电缆的串扰可行性分析

从串扰的角度分析了在１６５０Ｖ直流高压馈电杆上共杆架设通信电缆线路的可行性，并介绍了实验中所采取的安全措施。     

Accident under-reporting among employees: Testing the moderating influence of psychological safety climate and supervisor enforcement of safety practices

We examined accident under-reporting with data from 425 employees employed in 5 industries with above average risk for employee injuries. We expected that rates for unreported accidents would be higher than rates for reported accidents; and that organizational safety climate and perceptions of supervisor enforcement of safety policies would moderate the relationship between unreported accidents and reported accidents. Results showed that the number of unreported accidents was significantly higher than the number of reported accidents. There was an average of 2.48 unreported accidents for every accident reported to the organization. Further, under-reporting was higher in working environments with poorer organizational safety climate or where supervisor safety enforcement was inconsistent. We discuss the implications of these findings for improving accident under-reporting and occupational safety in the workplace.     

Safety climate and the Theory of Planned Behavior: Towards the prediction of unsafe behavior

The present study is concerned with the human factors that contribute to violations in aviation maintenance. Much of our previous research in this area has been based on safety climate surveys and the analysis of relations among core dimensions of climate. In this study, we tap into mainstream psychological theory to help clarify the mechanisms underlying the links between climate and behavior. Specifically, we demonstrate the usefulness of Ajzen's (1991, 2001) Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to understanding violation behaviors in aircraft maintenance. A questionnaire was administered to 307 aircraft maintenance workers. Constructs measured by the survey included perceptions of management attitudes to safety, own attitudes to violations, intention to violate, group norms, workplace pressures, and violations. A model based on the TPB illustrated hypothetical connections among these variables. Path analyses using AMOS suggested some theoretically justifiable modifications to the model. Fit statistics of the revised model were excellent with intentions, group norms, and personal attitudes combining to explain 50% of the variance in self-reported violations. The model highlighted the importance of management attitudes and group norms as direct and indirect predictors of violation behavior. We conclude that the TPB is a useful tool for understanding the psychological background to the procedural violations so often associated with incidents and accidents.     

应用静态破碎技术拆除高13层的框架楼

通过采用静态破碎剂拆除13层框架楼的实例,介绍了等能分布破碎设计原理。通过密布孔、细处理、断横梁、开地板、剔除钢筋等手段弱化框架与立柱强度,有效地控制了静态定向,加快了破碎坍塌速度,攻克了慢载倾倒、难控制定向及胀裂而不倒的难题,实现了安全无公害、低碳环保的拆除效果。在应用静态破碎技术拆除高层框架楼实践中积累了一些成功经验,可供同类工程借鉴参考。     

Everyday work investigations for safety

A key theme in safety is the investigation and improvement of work processes and conditions. This is built on a tradition of studying accidents, but there is growing interest in the investigation of everyday work. Researchers have started using terms such as success, normal and everyday work investigations, but behind these can be different activities. This paper makes explicit some considerations behind investigations of everyday work, how these considerations shape an investigation, and how they reflect different schools of thought. These considerations can be used as an aid for designing everyday work investigations for safety and serve as a first step towards critical reflection on investigating everyday work.     

200t炸药一次性安全销毁的实施与思考

大爆破失败留在山体内的 2 0 0余吨炸药被安全地排出 ,并用燃烧法销毁。本文分析了影响安全的各种因素 ,探讨了可行的安全措施 ,叙述了销毁工作的组织、过程与结果 ,指出了销毁过程中出现的、潜在的问题。为类似的炸药销毁工作提供了有益的经验     

180m高钢筋混凝土烟囱三段单向控制爆破拆除

对复杂环境下180m高钢筋混凝土烟囱,采用三段单向分次控制爆破拆除。采用复式梯形爆破切口,确保烟囱倒塌方向;铺设黄土缓冲垫层和个体特殊防护措施,有效地控制烟囱倒塌触地振动;采用刚性和柔性复合式措施防控爆破飞石;采用高空吊篮法进行高空爆破切口施工。爆破后,烟囱倒塌方向准确,周边建筑物和设施安然无恙,取得了良好的爆破效果,达到了安全、精细和快速爆破拆除的目的,为以后类似爆破工程提供参考。     

试论工程爆破中的安全评估

本文结合工程爆破中安全评估工作的实践经验,分析讨论了工程爆破中安全评估的方法、组织形式、步骤、要求及注意事项,从而揭示了工程爆破中安全评估的重要性、必要性和科学性。     

畜禽收购、贩运和屠宰环节的质量安全与监控

分析了畜禽在收购、贩运和屠宰环节可能存在的安全隐患,介绍了国内外相关法律法规和实际运用的监控手段,提出了加强收购、贩运和屠宰环节的畜禽质量安全的监控建议.