基于PIC单片机的无线遥测分站设计

针对矿井水文长观孔人工监测方式效率低下的问题,提出了一种基于PIC单片机的无线遥测分站设计方案。该无线遥测分站以dsPIC33FJ64GP204单片机为控制核心,采用GSM技术实现通信功能,能够采集水文长观孔的实时数据,并以短信方式发送至地面中心站。实际应用结果表明,该无线遥测分站能及时提供各水文长观孔的数据信息,有效减少了工作人员的日常维护量。     

透水覆盖层上土石坝渗流量观测设计方案综合评价方法

介绍我国建造在透水覆盖层上土石坝渗流量观测的现状;提出考虑技术、经济、效果、运行以及对环境影响等因素的渗流量观测设计方案的综合评价方法;实例分析表明该方法考虑因素比较全面,处理得当,易于操作,结论合理。     

中型水库挑流消能工原型试验与验证

采用挑流消能工,在我省大中型水库泄洪消能中已被广泛应用,实践证明效果良好。多年来,我们对省十余水库工程中的泄洪洞挑流消能工程进行了原型观测及室内模型试验。本文拟以海龙水库泄洪模型试验为例,对软基挑流消能问题做分析讨论,愿与同行交流,以求共勉。     

条带式加筋土挡墙的拉筋原型观测试验研究

为了研究条带式加筋挡土墙拉筋的变化规律,对某条带式加筋土挡墙进行拉筋原型观测试验,在拉筋带表面上粘贴塑性电阻应变片来测定剪切带上的拉应力,对所测数据进行了整理分析,结果表明拉筋带上水平方向的拉（压）应变随着土层厚度的增加而不断增大,并且每一层土体中的拉筋应变分布具有相同的规律。说明了原型观测试验能够有效的反映拉筋应变分...     

Decentralised control of chromatographic simulated moving bed processes based on wave front reconstruction

The behaviour of chromatographic simulated moving bed processes is described by the movement of concentration profiles through a circle of separation columns. A closed-loop control manipulates the profiles in order to meet demands concerning specified product purity and disturbance attenuation. If steep wave fronts of the concentration profiles occur, the controlled variables undergo fast changes in case of a transient of the process. In this case, a reconstruction of the wave fronts is necessary for a successful control.A simple and effective decentralised controller structure is proposed based on cascaded discrete-time PI controllers. On-line product purity measurements and the reconstructed wave fronts are used for control purposes. Two kinds of process models are used: a rigorous model for dynamic simulations, and strongly simplified plant models for the design of the wave front reconstruction and the controller. The latter models are identified based on experimental step tests with the reference plant and numerical simulations. The performance of the control system is evaluated by numerical simulations.     

基于多观测模型的粒子滤波头部跟踪算法

粒子滤波在非线性和非高斯问题上具有独特的优越性,但在视频跟踪过程中,其跟踪性能却在很大程度上依赖于观测模型的选择。为了解决被跟踪目标特征状态随时间变化而与粒子观测模型不匹配的问题,提出了一种新的粒子滤波算法,即将被跟踪目标的不同特征状态与粒子观测模型相结合,形成一组具有不同观测模型的粒子,并且在跟踪过程中,对应不同观测模型的粒子根据被跟踪目标所表现的特征线索的变化而相互转换,从而动态刻画了被跟踪目标特征变化的过程。实验结果表明,本算法能够有效处理由于头部旋转而导致跟踪性能下降甚至丢失跟踪目标的问题,提高了跟踪的准确性,并且具有较好的鲁棒性。     

Robust supervisory control of timed discrete event systems under partial observation based on eligible time bounds: The existence conditions

This paper addresses a supervisory control problem for uncertain timed discrete event systems (DESs) under partial observation. An uncertain timed DES to be controlled is represented by a set of possible timed models based on the framework of Brandin and Wonham [(1994). Supervisory control of timed discrete event systems. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 39(2), 329-342]. To avoid the state space explosion problem caused by tick events in the timed models, a notion of eligible time bounds is proposed for a single timed model obtained from the set of all possible timed models. Based on this notion, we present the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a robust supervisor achieving a given language specification for the single timed model. Moreover, we show that the robust supervisor can also achieve the specification for any timed model in the set.     

合谷刺配合恢刺阿是穴治疗血瘀型腰椎间盘突出症临床研究

摘 要:目的 观察合谷刺配合恢刺阿是穴对血瘀型腰椎间盘突出症(Lumbar disc herniation,LDH)患者的临床疗效及对腰椎功能日本骨科协会评估治疗评分（Japanese Orthopaedic Association Scores,JOA）、McGill疼痛量表、疼痛视觉模拟评分(Visual Analogue Scale,VAS)及患者血清(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)、P物质(Substance P,SP)的影响。方法 采用随机数字表法将80例血瘀型LDH患者随机分为合谷刺配合恢刺阿是穴组(治疗组)及常规针刺组(对照组),每组40例。治疗组常规选穴行合谷刺法,在此基础上配合恢刺局部压痛点;对照组采用平补平泻法。两组均隔日治疗1次,5次为1疗程,共3疗程。疗程结束后进行综合疗效评价及腰椎功能JOA评分、McGill疼痛量表、VAS及血清5-HT、SP比较。结果 治疗组总有效率为89.18%,对照组为64.86%;与治疗前比较,两组治疗后腰椎功能JOA评分升高,McGill疼痛量表、VAS评分及血清5-HT、SP均降低。结论 合谷刺配合恢刺阿是穴较常规针刺更能有效缓解血瘀型LDH疼痛,提高腰椎功能活动度,从而改善临床症状,值得临床进一步推广。     

模仿学习综述：传统与新进展

模仿学习是强化学习与监督学习的结合,目标是通过观察专家演示,学习专家策略,从而加速强化学习。通过引入任务相关的额外信息,模仿学习相较于强化学习,可以更快地实现策略优化,为缓解低样本效率问题提供了解决方案。模仿学习已成为解决强化学习问题的一种流行框架,涌现出多种提高学习性能的算法和技术。通过与图形图像学的最新研究成果相结合,模仿学习已经在游戏人工智能（artificial intelligence,AI）、机器人控制和自动驾驶等领域发挥了重要作用。本文围绕模仿学习的年度发展,从行为克隆、逆强化学习、对抗式模仿学习、基于观察量的模仿学习和跨领域模仿学习等多个角度进行深入探讨,介绍了模仿学习在实际应用上的最新情况,比较了国内外研究现状,并展望了该领域未来的发展方向。旨在为研究人员和从业人员提供模仿学习的最新进展,从而为开展工作提供参考与便利。