安康水电站投运后的系统运行问题

本文论述了安康水电站在西北电网中的作用,地位,水电站投运初期对电网运行带来的问题及解决这些问题应采取的措施     

厚膜阴极电泳漆的特点及其发展趋势

厚膜型阴极电泳漆是阴极电泳漆的新一代产品，其膜厚明显高于一般电泳漆。介绍了厚膜电泳漆的特点及其发展方向。     

Simulation model for wind turbine with asynchronous generator interconnected to the electric network

This paper presents the study of a structure composed of a wind turbine, a speed multiplier and an asynchronous generator coupled to the infinite power network through a line of energy transfer electric modelled by an R–L circuit. After modelling of the global system, the behaviour of the proposed structure in steady states and in transient regimes is studied. The problem of the electric energy transfer to the network was studied. On the other hand, if the wind speed changes too much variation, this will cause a violent variation of power and result in step out operation of the generator from the power system. This paper proposes a control strategy to reduce the power variations by introducing feed forward control combined with conventional feedback control.     

Self regulation of photovoltaic module temperature in V-trough using a metal-wax composite phase change matrix

The present study was carried out to take advantage of the enhanced solar insolation in V-trough while limiting the temperature of the photovoltaic (PV) module at around the maximum (ca. 65 °C) observed for conventional usage without any concentration. Paraffin wax of 56-58 °C melting range was chosen as phase change material (PCM) and incorporated at the rear of the module to absorb the excess heat. The problem of low thermal conductivity of the wax was solved with the help of packed metal turnings wherein the wax resided. Two sets of experiments were performed indoor and outdoor. Employing a 0.06 m thick bed of the PCM matrix, the module temperature in the indoor experiment could be maintained at 65-68 °C for 3 h whereas in its absence the temperature rose beyond 90 °C within 15 min. In outdoor studies, the module temperature in V-trough could be reduced from 78 °C to 62 °C with the PCM assembly and operation could be sustained throughout the day. Using the V-trough PV-PCM system, the output power over the day could be enhanced 1.55 times with self regulation of temperature. The molten wax formed during operation re-solidified during the evening and night and could be re-used. A significant finding was the safe operation of the module even under low wind velocity conditions without sacrificing operational simplicity.     

微热光电系统整体性能的试验研究

在设计和加工模块式微热光电系统关键部件的基础上,进行了系统的整体性能试验,包括流量、喷嘴形状和燃料对其性能的影响。试验结果表明：气体流量增加,燃烧室壁面温度升高,光电池的输出电量升高;相比圆形喷嘴,使用矩形喷嘴能改善预混合气在燃烧室内的分布,提高燃烧驻留时间,使燃烧更充分,增大光电池的电能输出;相同体积流量下,高热值的甲烷燃料比氢气燃料更能提高微热光电系统的性能。试验条件下较好的性能输出数据如下：当采用矩形喷嘴和甲烷燃料时,最大输出功率为0.319W,相应的能量密度达到166146W/m3;两种燃料最大整体效率都是在流量600mL.min-1时,且采用氢气燃料整体效率比甲烷的高,其最大效率为0.249%。     

标定功率下6P125ZQ型柴油机燃烧过程的模拟计算

运用三维流体力学软件AVL FIRE,对6P125ZQ型柴油机标定功率时的压缩和燃烧过程进行了CFD模拟计算。根据计算结果,分析了上止点附近气缸内的气体流动情况,并研究了温度场和Soot排放的分布情况,给出了气缸内各参数随曲轴转角的变化情况,从而在理论上说明了燃烧室的燃烧过程以及排放物的主要生成区域和生成历程,可为柴油机燃烧过程的参数优化匹配提供有价值的参考依据。     

Dynamic behaviour of Li batteries in hydrogen fuel cell power trains

A Li ion polymer battery pack for road vehicles (48 V, 20 Ah) was tested by charging/discharging tests at different current values, in order to evaluate its performance in comparison with a conventional Pb acid battery pack. The comparative analysis was also performed integrating the two storage systems in a hydrogen fuel cell power train for moped applications. The propulsion system comprised a fuel cell generator based on a 2.5 kW polymeric electrolyte membrane (PEM) stack, fuelled with compressed hydrogen, an electric drive of 1.8 kW as nominal power, of the same typology of that installed on commercial electric scooters (brushless electric machine and controlled bidirectional inverter). The power train was characterized making use of a test bench able to simulate the vehicle behaviour and road characteristics on driving cycles with different acceleration/deceleration rates and lengths. The power flows between fuel cell system, electric energy storage system and electric drive during the different cycles were analyzed, evidencing the effect of high battery currents on the vehicle driving range. The use of Li batteries in the fuel cell power train, adopting a range extender configuration, determined a hydrogen consumption lower than the correspondent Pb battery/fuel cell hybrid vehicle, with a major flexibility in the power management.     

An improved mechanism for capacity payment based on system dynamics modeling for investment planning in competitive electricity environment

Many countries have experienced restructuring in their electric utilities. This restructuring has presented the power industries with new challenges, the most important of which is long-term investment planning under uncertain conditions. This paper presents an improved mechanism for capacity payment. The mechanism has been investigated based on system dynamic modeling. In our proposed mechanism, generators will recover a part of their investment through capacity payment. While the payment for any plant remains constant during the operation period, it depends on the investment needed to build it. The main factors affecting long-term planning have been considered in our model. The approach can be used to investigate the effects of fixed as well as variable capacity payment in market investment. We used the probability density function of load as a new concept to calculate average market price. Delays in unit constructions, estimation of demand, and market capacity growth during construction periods have been included in the proposed algorithm as parameters, which affect the regulator's decision for changing capacity payment. The model can be used by regulators to investigate strategies that may affect the fluctuations in the market.     

Applications of one-cycle control to improve the interconnection of a solid oxide fuel cell and electric power system with a dynamic load

Adding distributed generation (DG) is a desirable strategy for providing highly efficient and environmentally benign services for electric power, heating, and cooling. The interface between a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), typical loads, and the electrical grid is simulated in Matlab/Simulink and analyzed to assess the interactions between DG and the electrical grid. A commercial building load profile is measured during both steady-state and transient conditions. The load data are combined with the following models that are designed to account for physical features: a One-Cycle Control grid-connected inverter, a One-Cycle Control active power filter, an SOFC, and capacitor storage. High penetration of DG without any power filter increases the percentage of undesirable harmonics provided by the grid, but combined use of an inverter and active power filter allows the DG system interconnection to improve the grid tie-line flow by lowering total harmonic distortion and increasing the power factor to unity.     

大峡水电站的控制爆破施工

大峡水电站工程施工中应用控制爆破技术，采取多钻孔，多分段，分散装药的措施，对处于环境条件复杂、干扰大的部位进行了拆除和爆破，有效地保护了附近建筑物及其它设施，使邻近工作面未受干扰，缩短了工期，为后续工序的提前进行创造了条件。