汽车覆盖件成形过程数值模拟研究

本文介绍汽车覆盖件成形过程有限元模拟两个软件ＩＴＡＳ—３Ｄ和ＤＹＮＡＭＩＣ的最新研究成果，基本原理和有关接触搜索、摩擦和拉伸筋模型等关键技术。并有两个应用实例     

Preparation and mechanical properties of Fe_3Al/Al_2O_3 nano-/micro-composite

1　INTRODUCTIONAlumina(Al2 O3)ceramicsareoftenconsideredforstructuralapplications,duetotheirpropertiesofhighhardness ,chemicalandwearresistanceandgoodmechanicalpropertiesatroomandhightemperature .Thewellknownlimitationfortheseceramics ,how ever ,istheverylowtoughness .Recentstudieshaveshownsignificantimprovementsinmechanicalprop erties ,includingtoughness ,byaddingductilesecondphaseparticles ,suchasNi,Al,MoandCu[14 ] .Anincreaseof 80 % 333%inthefracturetoughnesshasbeenreportedforAl2 O3…     

Oxidation Mechanism of Ni—20Cr Foils and Its Relation to the Oxide-Scale Microstructure

The oxidation behavior of Ni—20Cr foils of 100- and 200-m thickness wasstudied in air between 500 and 900°C. Simultaneously, the morphology,microstructure, and composition of the oxide layers were determined byscanning and transmission electron microscopies. Depending on thetemperature, the oxide layer differed significantly. The scale formedat all temperatures was complex, with an outer NiO layer having columnargrains, and an inner layer of equiaxedNiCr₂O₄+NiO+Cr₂O₃ grains. At low temperatures (500 and 600°C),the chromium content was insufficient to form a continuousCr₂O₃ layer, while such a continuous layer formed at theinner interface at oxidation temperatures of 700 to 900°C. At 600°C,internal oxidation of chromium occurred in the substrate. The oxidationmechanism is described taking into account these morphologies and theoxidation kinetics. The observation of no significant differences betweenthe oxidation behavior of thin strips and thick materials is related to thelimited exposure times of the study.     

基于人工智能的钛合金热变形工艺参数优化

在深入分析热变形工艺参数对Ti-15-3合金显微组织及成形载荷的影响的基础上,以变形温度、变形程度和变形速率等热变形工艺参数作为设计变量,以显微组织和成形力的最佳综合为目标,建立了该合金热塑性成形工艺参数的多目标优化数学模型。以显微组织参数和成形力的人工神经网络预测模型作为优化算法的知识源,将人工神经网络与修正的遗传算法相结合,对Ti-15-3合金的热塑性成形工艺参数进行优化。结果表明,提出的修正的遗传算法是有效的,采用将其与人工神经网络相结合的方法对钛合金的热塑性成形工艺参数进行优化是可行的。     

Borides at interfacial zone of IC6 TLP bonded joints

1　INTRODUCTIONTransientliquidphase (TLP)bondingtechniquehasbeensuccessfullyusedinjoiningheatresistantal loys ,likeHastelloyX ,Inconel713C ,In10 0 ,Udimet5 0 0 ,70 0 ,MarM 2 0 0 ,0 0 7,2 4 7,30 2 ,Rene′80 ,TD NiCr ,MA75 4,6 0 0 0 ,PWA14 2 2 ,CSMX 2etc ,whicharesusceptibletohotcrackingor post weldheat treatmentcrackingproblemsduringfusionweld ing[14 ] .Inaddition ,therewerereportsofjoiningNiAlandTiAlintermetallicsbyTLPbondingmethod[510 ] .Forexample ,Galehadinvestigatedthemic…     

Importance of initial surface film in the degradation of stainless steels by atmospheric exposure

The surface compositions of stainless steels types 304, 316, 430, and 444 combined with four types of surface finishes, 2B finish, hairline polishing, mirror polishing, and bright annealing, were measured by ICP-AES, EPMA, and XPS before exposure. The surface finish that most enriched the chromic species in the surface film was mirror polishing, followed by bright annealing, 2B finish, and hairline polishing. The order of corrosion-resistance was type 444, type 316, type 304, and type 430. The surface compositions were correlated with the rating number and pitting depth after exposure to atmospheric environments. The rating number had a high positive correlation with the concentration of Cr in the surface film, and had a slight correlation with the near-surface composition measured by EPMA at 12 kV, but did not show any correlation with bulk composition within the composition range covered in the present work. This same trend was observed for pitting depth. It was concluded that the cationic concentration of Cr in the surface film before atmospheric exposure is the prime factor in controlling the resistance of stainless steels to atmospheric corrosion.     

(ZrAl3+ZrB2)/Al复合材料的制备和微观组织结构

采用混合盐反应法,以KBF4和K2ZrF6粉剂为原料在铝熔融体中制备了(ZrAl3 ZrB2)/Al复合材料.借助于X射线衍射仪、电子探针和透射电镜对复合材料的物像和增强相进行了观察,结果表明ZrB2颗粒呈等轴或等轴颗粒状,为六方结构,尺寸大部分小于1μm,ZrAl3相大部分呈长条状,两种增强相整体分布较为均匀,且与Al的界面光滑洁净,没有其它界面生成物.对复合材料的硬度做了测试,原位合成增强相的引入显著提高了复合材料的HRB硬度.     

Synthesis of LaF3 superfine powder by microwave heating method

LaF3 superfine powder was synthesized from La(CH3COO)3 and NH4 F by microwave heating method,using ethanol or pure water as dispersants respectively. The results of XRD and SEM indicate that the superfine powder has high purity, regular particle shape and narrow distribution of granularity. The granularity of the best sample is in the range of 100 -200 nm. The influence of different dispersants on the crystal degree and microstructure was discussed. After the superfine powder was formed into a slice at pressure of 25 - 60 MPa, its electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was tested by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurement. The result shows that the grain refining of LaF3 powder increases its ionic conductivity. Compared with traditional preparation methods of LaF3 powder, the advantages of microwave heating method were summarized.     

B级钢中频感应熔炼用镁砂坩埚的失效与防护

根据B级钢中频感应熔炼过程中镁砂坩埚的工作环境特点,指出坩埚失效的主要形式:热应力开裂、侵蚀变薄、表层剥落、钢液渗透、表面结渣等,并对其失效机理进行分析。通过调整镁砂的颗粒级配,采用多相复合技术,在坩埚的特定区域使用特定坩埚材料的分区捣筑、合理安排烧结工艺、精心操作、精心修补。从而提高了坩埚使用寿命。     

Ni-P-Ce合金体系复合刷镀层沉积行为研究

在Ni-P合金复合刷镀液中,添加稀土Ce3+,可以通过电刷镀沉积出Ni-P-Ce合金镀层,并可提高刷镀层的沉积速度和刷镀液稳定性;稀土化合物CeCl3·7H2O含量在35g/L左右时,刷镀的电流效率及沉积速度高;柠檬酸在Ni-P-Ce刷镀液中既可起稳定剂的作用,又可使Ce3+离子从溶液中电沉积出来。