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本文以解释地震L14、L55测线为重点,结合地面地质、钻井资料对龙门山北段的地层、构造和断层作了系统分析,认为它是以水平挤压力为主形成的推覆构造。并对其构造分带、成生演化、运动方式及推覆规模等作了深入的探讨和油气远景的评价。     

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??The Jurassic shallow gas pool at Sandawan in Longquan Mountains is a secondary one with shallow depth, low pressure and low yields. The key to produce this shallow gas is to use a set of negative suction technique besides that a series of measures for protecting the shallow gas-bearing formation must be adapted while drilling. The practice in developing Sandawan shallow gas proves that the negative suction gas producting technique has a van and bright prospects in shallow gas development and utilization.     

山区公路边坡防护加固技术

山区道路的防护意义十分重大,由于交通事业的发展以及交通荷载的急剧增加,公路边坡的防护就显得更为重要。本文结合山区道路的地形、地貌和地质条件,根据有关规范和参考许多边坡防护的经验,为了满足S104河唐段公路的防护,提出了护面墙、浆砌片石护坡、挂网锚喷防护、植被砼防护、框架肋梁防护等防护形式及技术要求,介绍了此类防护的施工方法及其施工注意事项,给出了使用评价结果,并据此提出了山区公路边坡的防护形式、技术要求及防护功效。     

Hydraulic Complexity Metrics for Evaluating In-Stream Brook Trout Habitat

A two-dimensional hydraulic model (River2D) was used to investigate the significance of flow complexity on habitat preferences of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in the high-gradient Staunton River in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia. Two 100-m reaches were modeled where detailed brook trout surveys (10–30-m resolution) have been conducted annually since 1997. Spatial hydraulic complexity metrics including area-weighted circulation and kinetic energy gradients (KEG) were calculated based on modeled velocity distributions. These metrics were compared to fish density in individual habitat complexes (10–30-m subreaches) to evaluate relationships between fish location and average flow complexity. In addition, the fish density was compared to additional habitat variables including percent cascade (CS), pool (PL) and riffle, and in-stream (ISCN) and riparian cover. There were negative correlations between modeled mean velocity (VEL) and maximum depth (MAXD) and fish density; however, there were no statistically significant correlations between KEGs or area-weighted circulation and fish density. Fish density was negatively correlated to ISCN and positively correlated to the percent of the channel dominated by protruding boulders (BD) and CS. The structural complexity of cascade habitat and areas with protruding boulders creates complex flow patterns indicating that flow complexity plays an important role in brook trout habitat preferences at the local scale. Linear discriminate analysis was used to further investigate the relationships between habitat variables and fish density. Using backward stepwise variable selection, the final explanatory model contained the BD, ISCN, MAXD, PL, and VEL variables. These observations indicate that at a coarse spatial scale hydraulic complexity may be an important component in fish habitat preferences; however, other habitat variables cannot be ignored and the hydraulic complexity metrics calculated using 2D modeling results were not explanatory. While spatial hydraulic complexity metrics provide quantifiable measures for evaluating stream restoration project impacts on in-stream habitat quality, the relationships between fish density and hydraulic complexity were not straightforward. This is likely due in part to modeling limitations in this high-gradient complex stream. Further research is needed at a range of spatial scales, stream types, and fish species to fully investigate the use of hydraulic complexity metrics to quantify in-stream habitat.     

大兴安岭北段新帐房钼矿地质特征与S、Pb同位素地球化学

新帐房云英岩型钼矿产出在大兴安岭北段地区,属古亚洲洋成矿域、蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋构造域与古太平洋成矿域的叠合部位。海拉尔—新帐房断裂活动对于区域范围内侏罗纪成矿花岗岩侵位具有控制作用,细粒花岗岩内普遍发育云英岩化现象且矿化强度与云英岩化程度呈正相关。矿体均产于侏罗纪花岗岩内,呈北西向展布,透镜状产出,总体走向为145°,倾角为80°,平均品位0.22%,长约120 m。辉钼矿为主要的硫化物,其次为黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿等。云英岩化花岗岩呈“右倾”型稀土元素配分模式并富集Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf等高场强元素,亏损大离子亲石元素。黄铁矿、辉钼矿等硫化物的S、Pb同位素分析结果显示,新帐房钼矿的硫同位素主要来自地球深部;Pb同位素反映成矿岩体为成矿提供了主要物质来源,同样具深部来源特征。研究结果认为新帐房钼矿具有典型云英岩型矿床地质特征,在大兴安岭北段地区有一定的找矿意义。     

太行山北段苇家峪金矿地质特征及成矿作用

苇家峪金矿位于阜平幔枝构造的北东倾伏端,其矿体沿辉绿岩脉与围岩间的破碎接触带产出,属于中低温热液脉状蚀变岩型金矿床。基于本区地质特征,采用幔枝构造理论,重点对苇家峪金矿控岩控矿作用进行分析,认为燕山期阜平幔枝构造活动期间,NNE向上黄旗-乌龙沟深断裂和紫荆关-灵山断裂是区域导岩导矿构造,本区骆驼鞍花岗岩株的侵位活动进一步沟通了深部矿源,使得期后含矿热液沿着早期NW向辉绿岩脉与围岩之间形成构造薄弱带向上迁移,并在辉绿岩顶底板附近富集成矿。     

东昆仑祁漫塔格地区野马泉铁多金属矿床开发利用评价

野马泉矿床位于东昆仑祁漫塔格地区,为矽卡岩型铁多金属矿床,其查明铁矿床和铜铅锌矿床均达到中型规模,但由于铁矿石中磁性铁占比较低,铜铅锌与铁共生关系相关性差等原因,一直未能开发利用。本次研究选择工作程度较高、资源量相对集中的M9、M10、M13三个矿段,运用3DMine三维建模软件进行矿体建模,将铜、铅、锌分别提高边界品位圈定矿体,对铁矿床开展磁性铁圈矿,采用距离幂次反比法重新估算资源量,并对资源开发的环境因素和技术经济进行评价,建立矿床的资源—环境—经济“三位一体”综合评价方法。评价结果显示,项目全投资税后财务内部收益率10.88%,净现值22816万元,项目确定性(NPV>0)79%。项目财务内部收益率大于期望值(8%),净现值大于0,且抗风险能力较高,说明项目技术经济可行,从而使野马泉矿区查明资源量的开发利用成为可能。     

冀东燕山中段地热地质条件分析与资源潜力评价

该文综合了地质路线调查、机民井(地热井)地温测量、水化学分析、物探剖面测量等工作成果,对冀东燕山中段的地热地质条件进行了分析,对区内地热资源潜力进行了初步评价,并对下一步工作提出了建议。冀东燕山中段地热异常区主要分布在肖营子岩体边部,地热流体的分布、运移和储存受断裂控制;热储岩性为片麻岩或花岗岩,基本无盖层。热储深度3000~3200 m,温度105~110℃,热水形成时间12.3~27.8a。地下流体化学成分主要受肖营子岩体影响。热量来自于地壳深部。活动性深大断裂及其次级构造交汇部位、背斜核部、高热导率且具有一定延深的岩体或隐伏岩体与低热导率地层接触带附近、区域地下水排泄区等为山区地热形成有利地段。通过估算,研究区内各地热异常区地下热水总可开采量为207.03×104m3/a,其产生的能量为21.59×1010kJ/a,相当于7367.59 t标煤或5156.29 t石油产生的能量。为今后研究区内地热能勘查、开发利用规划、采矿权设置等提供了技术支持。     

六盘山林区土壤物理性质分布特征--测试文章

研究了六盘山林区土壤物理性质分布特征及其与海拔和林型的关系,结果表明：六盘山林区阔叶林地土壤有机质和饱和导水率显著高于针叶林地,土壤容重显著低于针叶林地,阔叶林地0～10 cm和10～20 cm土层土壤有机质和饱和导水率分别比针叶林地高27.7%、21.2%和38.0%、42.2%,容重比针叶林地低13.8%和7.6%; 高海拔处林地土壤有机质含量较高,容重较低; 研究区土壤饱和导水率不受海拔影响,土壤水稳性团聚体分布不受林型和海拔的影响; 阔叶林地0～20 cm土层土壤平均重量直径和几何平均直径平均值分别比针叶林地高3.46%和5.21%,但不受海拔影响,大团聚体数量与饱和导水率极显著正相关。研究表明六盘山林区阔叶林地土壤物理性状显著优于针叶林地,林地土壤结构的改良主要体现在大团聚体增加方面。