Stability analysis of periodic orbit of an adaptive notch filter for frequency estimation of a periodic signal

Online frequency estimation of a sinusoidal signal is a classical problem and has many practical applications. Recently an adaptive notch filter (ANF) with global convergence property has been developed for frequency estimation of a pure sinusoidal signal. This paper addresses a modified ANF structure that can estimate the fundamental frequency of any periodic signal including pure sinusoidal signals. To prove the stability of the modified ANF, the paper introduces a new theorem that shows for any periodic signal, there exists a locally asymptotically stable periodic orbit of this ANF by which the frequency estimation becomes feasible. This alternative stability proof is simple and uses widely known mathematical tools, and therefore alleviates the problem complexity even when the input signal is a pure sinusoidal signal. A further contribution of this paper is obtaining a necessary and sufficient condition in terms of design parameters for local asymptotical stability of the modified ANF. This condition, obtained from the numerical study of Floquet multipliers of a linear time-varying periodic system, provides a strict stability region in the modified ANF design parameters space.     

罗兰C接收机中窄带干扰的抑制技术

针对目前的罗兰C接收机在抑制窄带干扰方面的缺陷,将基于LMS算法(最小均方准则)的自适应陷波器应用于罗兰C窄带干扰的抑制,通过仿真,将其与固定频率点的陷波器进行了比较,自适应陷波具有较好的抑制窄带干扰能力。     

Modified Notch Filter-based Instantaneous Phasor Estimation for High-speed Distance Protection

A novel method for estimating the instantaneous phasor of a fault current signal is proposed for high-speed distance protection immune to a DC-offset. The method uses a modified notch filter in order to eliminate the fundamental frequency component from the fault current signal. Since the output of the modified notch filter is the delayed DC-offset, delay compensation results in the same waveform as the original DC-offset. Subtracting the obtained DC-offset from the fault current signal yields a sinusoidal waveform, which becomes the real part of the instantaneous phasor. The imaginary part of the instantaneous phasor is based on the first difference of the fault current signal. Since a DC-offset also appears in the first difference, the DC-offset is removed from the first difference using the results of the delay compensation. The performance of the proposed method was evaluated for a–phase to ground faults on a 345 kV 100 km overhead transmission line. The Electromagnetic Transient Program was used to generate fault current signals for different fault locations and fault inception angles. The performance evaluation showed that the proposed method can estimate the instantaneous phasor of a fault current signal with high speed and high accuracy. The paper concludes by describing the hardware implementation of the proposed method on a prototype unit based on a digital signal processor.     

声表面波陷波器与纵向耦合结构相结合

为了消除声表面波纵向耦合谐振式滤波器高端带外邻近通带处的肩膀,该文提出将纵向耦合谐振式滤波器与声表面波陷波器相结合,用来改善其近阻带抑制。文中给出了理论模拟及实验结果。实验结果与理论模拟基本一致,验证了方案的可行性。     

Influence of sub-micrometer notches on the fracture of single crystal silicon thin films

The influence of notches on the fracture of single crystal silicon thin films was investigated. The tests were conducted on notched and smooth tensile specimens micromachined on a silicon wafer. The specimen geometry was 100 μm long, 50 μm wide and 5 μm thick. For the notched specimen, a V‐shaped sub‐micrometer notch was introduced on one edge of it by using a focused ion beam (FIB) process. The notch lengths ranged from 0.07 to 1.3 μm. Four types of specimens with different surfaces and tensile orientations were tested. The smooth specimens showed scattered fracture strengths and ‘collapsed’ fractures. For the restrictive‐shaped notches, the critical length was 0.5 μm. The short‐notched (<0.5 μm) specimens also showed ‘collapsed’ fractures, and the stress concentrations on notch tips decreased their fracture strengths. For the long‐notched (>0.5 μm) specimens, the notch was equivalent to a crack in the Griffith model and the crack mainly propagated on {111} cleaved planes.     

基于时域算法的频域陷波算法在扩频通信中的应用

介绍了一种新颖的频域陷波算法,以消除窄带干扰对通信的影响,并讨论了这种陷波算法在直接序列扩频通信中的应用。该算法将时域自适应滤波器中复杂的卷积运算转换为频域的相乘运算,从而减少了运算量,节省了资源,使得自适应陷波器更易于工程实现。仿真结果证实,该算法能有效地消除直接序列扩频方式中的窄带干扰。     

Stress intensity factors for surface cracks in single‐edge notch bend specimen by a three‐dimensional weight function method

Stress intensity factors for half‐elliptical surface cracks at a semi‐circular notch in a recently developed single‐edge notch bend specimen are determined for a wide range of geometrical parameters using a three‐dimensional weight function method. Two load cases of pin loading and uniform remote tension are considered. The results are in good agreement with abaqus/franc3d finite element analysis. It is found that the Ziegler–Newman engineering similitude approach (programmed into the Fatigue Crack Growth Structural Analysis life‐prediction code) produces good results for a wide range in a/c ratios. Expressions by multi‐variable curve fitting to the weight function results are presented for easy engineering applications.     

Brittle fracture assessment of engineering components in the presence of notches: a review

Brittle fracture of notched components has been widely investigated in recent decades both experimentally and theoretically. This is because of designers' concern about catastrophic failure in notched engineering components made of brittle or quasi‐brittle materials. Up to now, extensive studies have been performed on brittle fracture analysis of engineering components weakened by notches of various features under mode I, mode II, mode III and mixed mode loading conditions. In the present paper, the attempt is made to review the research articles published in the open literature on brittle fracture assessment of notched components by means of notch fracture mechanics concepts. The main focus of this paper is on the stress‐based fracture criteria, which are the basis of authors' experience in recent years.     

55m砖烟囱小角度切口爆破拆除

为了成功爆破拆除一座55m高的砖结构烟囱,根据周围环境、烟囱高度及其结构特点,选取了合适的爆破倾倒方向和合理的爆破参数,采用了精准的爆破起爆网路。在实际工程中,砖烟囱爆破切口圆心角多数在200°~220°,通过对烟囱倾倒需满足的条件进行计算,确定其满足条件的爆破圆心角范围。设计了小角度爆破切口,其对应圆心角为185°,并且在爆破前进行预处理。起爆后,烟囱按照设计方向顺利倾倒,取得了较好的爆破效果。振动监测结果均在安全允许范围内,验证了砖烟囱小角度切口爆破拆除的可行性,可为类似工程提供参考。     

直硝盐水管系泄漏原因及对策

经受力计算，分析找出硝酸钙盐水管系存在的问题和焊缝损坏的原因。