Passive Localization of Signal Source Based on UAVs in Complex Environment

For the influence caused by multipath fading and non-line-of-sight(NLOS)transmission,it is challenging to accurately localize a moving signal source in complex environment by using the wireless sensor network(WSN)on the ground.In this paper,we establish a special WSN in the sky to address this challenge,where each sensor is loaded on an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)and the operation center of all the UAVs is fixed on the ground.Based on the analyzing of the optimal distribution and the position error calibration of all the sensors,we formulate the localization scheme to estimate the position of the target source,which combines the time difference of arrival(TDOA)method and the frequency difference of arrival(FDOA)method.Then by employing the semidefinite programming approach,we accurately obtain the position and velocity of the signal source.In the simulation,the validity of the proposed method is verified through the performance comparison.     

一类游艇租金问题的动态规划算法

动态规划程序设计策略对许多具有最优解的实际应用问题的解决是灵活和有效的。本文首先对一类游艇租金问题进行了分析，并给出了该类问题的动态规划解法，最后对所给算法的复杂度进行了分析和讨论。实验结果验证了所提出方法的有效性。     

导数约束平滑条件下基于模糊函数特征的雷达辐射源信号识别方法

针对低信噪比条件下,雷达辐射源信号识别效果差的问题,提出了一种导数约束平滑条件下提取信号模糊函数特征的辐射源信号识别方法.建立了基于取整函数和坐标转换的模糊函数最大能量角提取的数学模型,降低处理复杂度;提出了不依赖于信号及噪声具体模型的基于导数约束平滑的最大能量切片波形信息提取算法,转化为二阶锥规划（Second-order Cone Programming,SOCP）问题求解,较大程度地降低了噪声对模糊函数波形特征的影响;依据有效性指标,确定了本文算法中目标函数正则化系数与对称Holder系数的范数因子取值,最后通过模糊c-means方法实现对辐射源信号特征向量的聚类识别.仿真结果表明,在低信噪比条件下本文方法具有更高的识别正确率.     

OGHAM: On-demand global hosts for mobile ad-hoc multicast services

Recent advances in pervasive computing and wireless technologies have enabled novel multicast services anywhere, anytime, such as mobile auctions, advertisement, and e-coupons. Routing/multicast protocols in large-scale ad-hoc networks adopt two-tier infrastructures to accommodate the effectiveness of the flooding scheme and the efficiency of the tree-based scheme. In these protocols, hosts with a maximal number of neighbors are chosen as backbone hosts (BHs) to forward packets. Most likely, these BHs will be traffic concentrations or bottlenecks of the network and spend significant amount of time forwarding packets. In this paper, a distinct strategy is proposed for constructing a two-tier infrastructure in a large-scale ad-hoc network. Hosts with a minimal number of hops to the other hosts rather than those with a maximal number of neighbors will be adopted as BHs in order to obtain shorter multicast routes. The problem of determining BHs can be formulated with linear programming. BHs thus found have the advantages of shorter relay and less concentration. Besides, BHs are selected on-demand and can be globally reused for different multicast groups without flooding again. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol has shorter transmission latency, fewer control/data packets and higher receiving data packet ratios than other existing multicast protocols. Besides, the two-tier infrastructure constructed by the proposed protocol is more stable.     

Dynamic Multicast Session Provisioning in WDM Optical Networks with Sparse Splitting Capability

In this work, we study dynamic provisioning of multicast sessions in a wavelength-routed sparse splitting capable WDM network with an arbitrary mesh topology where the network consists of nodes with full, partial, or no wavelength conversion capabilities and a node can be a tap-and-continue (TaC) node or a splitting and delivery (SaD) node. The objectives are to minimize the network resources in terms of wavelength-links used by each session and to reduce the multicast session blocking probability. The problem is to route the multicast session from each source to the members of every multicast session, and to assign an appropriate wavelength to each link used by the session. We propose an efficient online algorithm for dynamic multicast session provisioning. To evaluate the proposed algorithm, we apply the integer linear programming (ILP) optimization tool on a per multicast session basis to solve off-line the optimal routing and wavelength assignment given a multicast session and the current network topology as well as its residual network resource information. We formulate the per session multicast routing and wavelength assignment problem as an ILP. With this ILP formulation, the multicast session blocking probability or success probability can then be estimated based on solving a series of ILPs off-line. We have evaluated the effectiveness of the proposed online algorithm via simulation in terms of session blocking probability and network resources used by a session. Simulation results indicate that our proposed computationally efficient online algorithm performs well even when a fraction of the nodes are SaD nodes.     

Wavelength and Waveband Assignment for Ring Networks Based on Parallel Multi‐granularity Hierarchical OADMs

In this paper we study the optimization issues of ring networks employing novel parallel multi‐granularity hierarchical optical add‐drop multiplexers (OADMs). In particular, we attempt to minimize the number of control elements for the off‐line case. We present an integer linear programming formulation to obtain the lower bound in optimization, and propose an efficient heuristic algorithm called global bandwidth resource assignment that is suitable for the design of large‐scale OADM networks.     

基于贪心算法的小型楼宇太阳能系统优化设计

针对小型楼宇太阳能系统的设计问题,根据量纲和谐原理,对全年发电总量最大,单位发电量费用小的双目标进行量纲统一化,转化为寿命期内经济效益最大的单目标,将一个看似无法解决的复杂双目标问题转化为单目标规划问题,从而大幅降低了问题复杂度。该模型首先根据不同型号电池和逆变器的各项参数,确定电池型号及数量与逆变器型号间的最优组合方式,并计算最优组合方式下单位面积产生的经济效益,以此对电池性能排序。然后根据电池性能的优劣顺序及限制条件,利用贪心算法得到小屋外表电池铺设方案。最终,评价了所建立的模型,并对问题作了进一步推广。     

基于FPGA的多通道模拟信号源设计

针对航天测试领域对模拟信号源的设计要求,提出一种新的信号源实现方法。该方法借助计算机软件能实时编程生成波形数据,通过对波形重构电路,调理电路和多通道电路的合理设计,由FPGA控制逻辑实现波形重构和多通道输出。由于方波信号沿变时具有的特殊性,设计专门的方波产生电路,通过实验验证,对原先设计电路的阻尼特性加以改进,实现了方波信号高精度的可靠输出,满足技术指标要求。目前,该信号源已广泛应用于多项航天测试项目。     

多用户MISO干扰信道中的安全协同波束成形

针对多用户多输入单输出(MISO, multiple-input single-output)干扰信道中保密信息泄露问题,提出了理想信道状态信息(CSI, channel state information)下的安全协同波束成形(SCB, secure coordinated beamforming)方案和非理想CSI下的顽健安全协同波束成形(RSCB, robust secure coordinated beamforming)方案。对于理想CSI情况,联合设计最优的协同波束成形向量,最大化最小安全速率。采用半定松弛(SDR, semidefinite relaxation)技术和连续的凸估计(SCA, successive convex approximation)算法得到原始非凸问题的局部最优解。进一步,将该框架扩展到信道向量和信道协方差矩阵存在确定误差的情况,提出的RSCB方案能够最大化最差情况的安全速率。仿真结果验证了所提方案的有效性和顽健性。     

Optimal resource allocation for energy efficiency in coordinated multicell OFDMA networks

Because energy efficiency (EE) is inevitable in future wireless cellular networks, in this paper, we focus on improving the number of bits delivered to users for each unit energy consumption in the downlink of orthogonal frequency‐division multiple access cellular networks with base stations (BSs) coordination. Specifically, each BS shares the channel qualities of users with others and jointly choose the set of co‐channel users and the transmit power allocated to maximize the EE of the system subject to the transmit power ceiling of each BS and minimum required data rate. We formulate the problem as a nonlinear fractional optimization problem, using nonlinear fractional programming, the original hard‐to‐solve problem is transferred to a new one that has the same optimal solution and is easier to solve, this enables two iterative algorithms that achieve nearly the same maximum EE. Numerical results are provided to show the convergence and superiority of the two proposed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.