Baseline Models for Bridge Performance Monitoring

A baseline model is essential for long-term structural performance monitoring and evaluation. This study represents the first effort in applying a neural network-based system identification technique to establish and update a baseline finite element model of an instrumented highway bridge based on the measurement of its traffic-induced vibrations. The neural network approach is particularly effective in dealing with measurement of a large-scale structure by a limited number of sensors. In this study, sensor systems were installed on two highway bridges and extensive vibration data were collected, based on which modal parameters including natural frequencies and mode shapes of the bridges were extracted using the frequency domain decomposition method as well as the conventional peak picking method. Then an innovative neural network is designed with the input being the modal parameters and the output being the structural parameters of a three-dimensional finite element model of the bridge such as the mass and stiffness elements. After extensively training and testing through finite element analysis, the neural network became capable to identify, with a high level of accuracy, the structural parameter values based on the measured modal parameters, and thus the finite element model of the bridge was successfully updated to a baseline. The neural network developed in this study can be used for future baseline updates as the bridge being monitored periodically over its lifetime.     

Recurrent Single Delaminated Beam Model for Vibration Analysis of Multidelaminated Beams

Free vibration analysis of a through-width multidelaminated beam is performed in the present study. Multiple delaminations are assumed to spread from the top through the thickness direction of the beam. The natural frequencies of the multidelaminated beams are obtained from a recurrent single delaminated beam (RSDB) model, which is the subsingle delaminated beam from the top surface of a global beam. Each frequency equation for the RSDB with unknown boundary conditions is obtained through continuity conditions. Then this result is updated to the next one. With these sequential operations, the final frequency equation of the multidelaminated beams is obtained for both end boundary conditions of the global beam. The numerical results for the beams are compared with those of finite element analysis to give the reliance on the proposed model and to investigate the effects of the shape, number, and size of multidelaminations on the natural frequency. It was shown that the variations in the natural frequency for the multidelaminated beams were significantly affected by the delamination length.     

煤矿用离心脱水机的选择

振动离心脱水机与刮刀卸料离心脱水机是煤矿常用的两种离心脱水机。每种离心机又分为卧式和立式两种形式,笔者对每一种类型的结构、性能、工作原理进行分析比较,以方便使用时选取。     

Vibratory characteristics of flexural non-uniform Euler–Bernoulli beams carrying an arbitrary number of spring–mass systems

A new exact method for the analysis of free flexural vibrations of non-uniform multi-step Euler–Bernoulli beams carrying an arbitrary number of single-degree-of-freedom and two-degree-of-freedom spring–mass systems is presented in this paper. The closed-form solutions for free vibrations of non-uniform Euler–Bernoulli beams are derived for five important cases. Then, using the massless equivalent springs to replace the spring–mass systems and the fundamental solutions developed in this paper, the frequency equation for free flexural vibrations of a multi-step non-uniform beam with any kind of support configurations and carrying an arbitrary number of spring–mass systems can be conveniently established from a second-order determinant. The proposed method is computationally efficient due to the significant decrease in the determinant order as compared with previously developed procedures.     

空间柔性结构振动的直接速度反馈控制

针对空间柔性结构的低频振动问题，采用轻质的直流电机和拉索作为控制器，通过传感器和控制器的共位布局方式，建立柔性结构的直接速度反馈主动阻尼控制方案。该方案无需柔性结构的系统控制模型，只需调整速度反馈增益，即可以达到控制结构振动的目的。为验证该方案的有效性，文中对一含中心刚体的柔性卫星缩尺模型进行数值仿真，并采用气浮台模拟太空无重力环境，对该模型进行控制实验。仿真和实验的结果表明，该控制方案对空间柔性结构的低频大幅振动有很好的控制效果。     

铝铸锭线上扒渣机的改进

介绍了扒渣机的基本原理，运用气动系统动力学的相关理论分析了它的动态特性，阐述了扒渣机产生振动冲击的主要原因和消除这些振动冲击的方法，对国产铝连续铸锭线的扒渣机具有重要价值。     

基于虚拟仪器技术的多种机械量测试系统

以常见的机械量，如振动、温度、压力、扭矩等为实际研究对象，开发研制了基于虚拟仪器技术的多种机械量测试系统。该系统将智能采集仪采集到的信号通过RS一232串行总线传送到虚拟仪器测试分析软件中进行分析，实现了对常见机械量的自动化测试和分析。     

不等齿距端铣刀对端铣振动影响的研究

根据切削理论及端铣过程的几何关系 ,提出了单齿和多齿端铣刀的铣削力模型 ,用有限元分析软件分析了铣床的频谱 ;分析了不等齿距端铣刀的铣削力频谱 ,并在此基础上分析了不等齿距端铣刀的减振机理 ,提出了不等齿距端铣刀齿间角优化设计的依据 ,设计和制造了不等齿距端铣刀 ,并对不等齿距端铣刀和等齿距端铣刀的振动性能进行了对比实验     

An exact approach for free vibration analysis of rectangular plates with line-concentrated mass and elastic line-support

An exact approach for free vibration of an isotropic rectangular plate carrying a line-concentrated mass and with a line-translational spring support or carrying a line-spring-mass system is presented in this paper. The mode shape function of vibration of such a plate is expressed in terms of the four fundamental solutions derived in this paper. The main advantage of the proposed method is that the resulted frequency equation for such a rectangular plate can be conveniently obtained from a second-order determinant. The proposed method is thus computationally efficient due to the significant decrease in the determinant order as compared with previously developed procedures which usually led to an eighth-order determinant for solving the title problem. Two numerical examples are given to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed method and to investigate the effects of the location and the magnitude of a line-concentrated mass and elastic line-support as well as the influence of the aspect ratio on the natural frequencies of a rectangular plate.     

振动时效--大力推广应用的新工艺

对振动时效工艺及传统的时效工艺进行了比较。简述了振动时效工艺过程及其显著优点,并表明应该推广应用这一新工艺。