潍北凹陷孔店组烃源岩有机质类型研究

利用干酪根的微组分、干酪根元素组成、岩石热解结果和饱和烃色谱特征对潍北凹陷孔店组烃源岩有机质类型进行研究。结果表明,潍北凹陷孔店组烃源岩有机质类型以Ⅰ和Ⅲ为主,潍北凹陷的北部洼陷以I型有机质为主,潍北凹陷灶户断鼻地区有机质类型以Ⅱ2型和Ⅲ型为主。有机质为低等水生物和陆源高等植物混合输入,低等水生物略占优势。     

柞蚕微孢子虫孢子人工发芽的研究

采用三因素五水平最优回归设计 ,研究了贵阳黄泥土施用氮、磷、钾肥对大白菜 (ChineseCabbage)产量和硝酸盐含量的影响。结果表明 ,大白菜高产和低硝酸盐含量的最佳氮磷钾用量为N180～ 2 0 0kg/hm2 ,P2 O512 0～ 15 0kg/hm2 ,K2 O12 0～ 15 0kg/hm2 。     

适应理念下的寒区山地建筑创作——以东软国际软件园大连河口园区为例

以东软国际软件园大连河口园区创作为例,从环境适应性、气候适应性、审美适应性3个层面研究了适应理念下的寒区山地建筑创作。     

潍北凹陷原油成因类型分布及油源对比

应用油藏地球化学方法对潍北凹陷孔店组原油进行成因类型划分和油源对比研究,通过生物标志化合物特征分析,可将潍北凹陷原油分为4类,I类为成熟腐殖型原油,II类为低熟腐殖型原油,IQ类为成熟腐泥型原油,W类为低成熟腐泥型原油;I类和IQ类原油在工区分布广泛,且类和W类原油主要分布在东南部。通过油源对比研究,认为I类、且类原油主要来源于临近区域的孔二段上亚段湖沼相的泥岩或碳质泥岩〉 IQ类、W类原油主要来源于临近区域的孔二段中亚段的湖相泥岩。     

Effects of land use change on hydrological cycle from forest to upland field in a catchment,Japan

Understanding the effects of land use change on the hydrological cycle is very important for development of sustainable water resource in an upland field catchment. In this study, soil and hydrological properties in an upland field catchment, which was reclaimed partially from a forest catchment, were compared with another forest catchment. The soil properties of surface and subsurface layers were investigated in the two catchments. The soil was compacted and water-holding capacity of soil in the upland field catchment became smaller after the reclamation from forest to upland field, which decreased infiltration rate and water storage in the soil layers. We found that peak discharge and direct runoff in the upland field catchment increased compared with the forest catchment. Annual evapotranspiration from the upland field catchment tended to be lower due to the change in vegetation type and soil properties. Furthermore, a semi-distributed hydrological model was applied in the upland field catchment to understand the integrated effects of reclamation on the hydrological cycle. The model parameters, which were determined using a nonlinear optimization technique—the Shuffled Complex Evolution method (SCE), were compared between the two catchments. The Nash and Sutcliffe coefficient was used to evaluate the model performance. The simulated results indicated that evapotranspiration was decreased and change in discharge was more obvious in the surface layer. We considered that declined infiltration and water storage and increased peak discharge and direct runoff have a negative impact on water resources in the upland field catchment. This study will provide information for forest managers in planning and making decisions for land and water resource management.     

黑龙江省旱田节水增效灌溉示范项目建设综述

国家旱田节水增效灌溉示范项目建设已历经7a，项目分布在黑龙江省11个地市，为全省旱田节水灌溉的发展起到了积极的示范和带动作用，对全省农村种植结构的调整及生态省建设起到了重要作用。通过总结全省旱田节水增效灌溉示范项目建设经验，希望对今后项目的建设和管理起到一定的借鉴指导作用。     

居丘、起坟与筑台

文章以文献记载与考古材料为依据,考察先秦陵台之构与高台建筑现象的关联,更溯筑台之意象于先民的居丘之习,以为史料之一释。     

旱地土壤条件下包膜控释肥料养分释放的试验与数学模拟

采用室内培养方法,测定了不同土壤水分含量条件下指数线性和S线性包膜控释肥料养分释放速率。计算出不同土壤含水量条件下养分释放速率常数(k)。该k值与土壤在最大持水量30%时的k值的比值定义为释放速率系数a,并用土水势(Ψ)的函数表示。分别建立不同旱土水分含量条件下指数线性和S线性包膜控释肥料养分释放数学模型。结果表明,这两个数学模型能够较好地模拟指数线性和S线性包膜控释肥料在自然旱地条件下,任一日变化土温和任一日变化土壤含水量下的氮素释放率,模拟值与实测值基本一致,表明这两个数学模型具有实用性。     

潍北凹陷输导体系及其对油气成藏的控制作用

输导体系作为油气运移的通道,对油气成藏具有重要作用。 通过对潍北凹陷断层及其活动、沉积体系与不整合面特征等的分析,提出研究区存在砂体、断层和不整合面等多种输导体系要素,并组成断层不整合及断层-不整合-砂体等复合输导体系。 潍北凹陷主要有 2 个供烃区,发育于北部洼陷带和灶户断鼻带;灶户断鼻带断裂构造比较发育,北部洼陷带断裂构造较少;潍北凹陷主要发育6 个不整合面,其中 Ng/Es₄（Ng/Ek₁）及 Ek₂^下/Ek₃ 为区域性不整合面,它们均导致不同地区的输导体系类型及分布有所不同。通过对潍北凹陷油气藏类型和输导体系特征进行分析,总结了不同输导体系类型对油气成藏的控制作用。潍北凹陷砂体输导体系有利于形成岩性尖灭油气藏和砂岩透镜体油气藏;断层输导体系有利于形成地层不整合-断层油气藏、断块油气藏和构造-岩性油气藏;断层-不整合输导体系有利于形成断块油气藏、岩性油气藏及断层-岩性油气藏;断层-不整合-砂体输导体系有利于形成岩性尖灭油气藏、地层不整合油气藏、断块油气藏和断层-岩性油气藏。 该研究结果对明确输导体系控藏模式和指导潍北凹陷油气勘探均具有借鉴作用。     

潍北凹陷深层致密砂岩气成藏特征

综合研究认为潍北凹陷已具备致密砂岩气成藏条件，即有利于形成致密砂岩气藏的构造条件，气源条件，低孔、低渗储层物性特征及良好的圈闭保存条件。国内外典型致密砂岩气成藏要素对比表明，潍北凹陷致密砂岩气藏具有以下特点:①深部典型的储盖组合，即第三系孔店组二段暗色泥岩、碳质泥页岩及煤层既为致密砂岩气藏提供充足的气源，又使天然气在孔二段的致密砂岩中富集成藏，形成下生上储上盖型和自生自储自盖型两种组合；②致密砂岩普遍含气；③气层具有低压异常。储层物性、构造活动及封闭条件等是影响该区致密砂岩气成藏的地质因素，其中储层非均质性、致密性和良好的封闭条件是最直接因素。