隧道开挖对邻近非连续接口地埋管线的影响分析

隧道开挖引起的地面沉降会引起邻近区域地埋管线的附加受力和变形，甚至会引起管线的开裂破坏。将隧道开挖引起的地面沉降效应作为外界条件施加于地埋管线上，基于改进的Winkler地基模型，并采用虚拟节点以考虑管线接口处的力学特性，提出了刚度非连续接口管线在隧道开挖条件下响应的简化理论分析方法。通过与弹性理论法、离心机试验和实际工程对比，验证了该方法的合理性。并通过与层状弹性理论解的对比，得到了该方法在非均质地基中的适用性。参数分析认为忽略管线接口存在的连续管线假设在分析接口地埋管线有不合理处。     

Numerical analysis for environmental effects in circular tanks

An efficient numerical method of analysis for environmental (thermal, shrinkage, and swelling) effects in circular, concrete, liquid storage thin-walled tanks under conditions of axial symmetry is outlined. Although the approach is based on individual analyses of wall and plate sub-structures, it yields the global solution that accounts for actual interaction between the wall and plate elements. This interaction between the tank main elements is introduced in a Force Method-type procedure by utilising conditions of compatibility of displacements at the wall-plate junctions. The analysis technique is applicable to a wide range of circular-cylindrical tank systems in contact with a variety of support media. The numerical treatment of the considered environmental effects presented herein extends the approach outlined earlier by the author [1 and 2] and is just a part of design analysis that includes also tank pre-stressing. The effectiveness and usefulness of the proposed method and of the computer software developed are tested with the included examples.     

游离细胞腈水合酶催化丙烯腈水合反应的双稳态反应动力学

腈水合酶是能够催化丙烯腈水合生成丙烯酰胺的一种重要的工业酶。本研究建立了游离细胞腈水合酶催化丙烯腈水合反应的双稳态反应动力学模型,关联了底物浓度、产物浓度和温度等主要因素对反应速率(表观酶活)的影响。在实验研究的基础上,通过麦夸特及全局最优化算法求解了动力学模型。结果表明,游离细胞腈水合酶催化的双稳态反应动力学模型是比较典型的产物抑制型,当产物浓度逐渐增大时,高浓度的产物将抑制腈水合酶的活性。当底物浓度10g·L-1时,由于底物加入反应体系时产生的局部瞬时高浓度,腈水合酶催化的丙烯腈水合反应的表观反应速率不随底物浓度变化。当底物浓度≥10g·L-1时,底物产物浓度对反应速率具有显著影响。温度对酶活的影响也十分显著,相同底物产物浓度下,28℃时的酶催化水合反应速率是15℃时的3.3倍。     

楼板局部开洞对高层建筑结构整体抗震性能影响的分析

对某模型工程在下层不同部位局部开洞,采用SATWE程序,分析了开洞对结构整体性能的影响.计算表明,楼板局部开洞对结构整体性能影响不大,如果建筑必须在楼板局部开洞,结构专业应尽可能满足其要求,但对开洞后形成的薄弱部位应予以加强.     

从平面滑动思考滑坡支挡结构荷载计算

当前,在我国工程界,滑坡支挡结构上的荷载取值普遍以剩余下滑力为基础,本文从简单的平面滑动入手,对这种荷载取值方法存在的问题进行了分析,提出了新的方法,即：将支挡结构荷载视为所需要的抗力的反力,将抗力视为指向坡内、作用在某个或某些条块上的未知荷载,通过包含该未知荷载的稳定系数计算式将其求出。该方法能弥补现行荷载取值方法的不足。     

武汉水岸星城超高层结构抗震性能化设计

武汉水岸星城存在超高、楼板不连续、大底盘多塔等超限情况,目前结构性能化设计主要针对结构整体性能指标,少有用于结构构件承载力控制,该工程采用整体结构小、中、大震作用下弹性计算的抗震性能化设计方法,计算构件承载力和控制结构抗震性能,为抗震设防烈度6度地区相似工程抗震性能化设计提供参考。     

预应力AFRP筋混凝土梁受弯性能的试验研究

对一组配置芳伦纤维增强塑料AFRP预应力筋的简支梁进行受弯试验,考察AFRP筋配筋率、张拉控制应力、非预应力钢筋配筋率等因素对构件承载能力的影响,分析了开裂荷载、极限荷载、荷载-挠度关系、裂缝发生发展、平截面假定、AFRP筋和普通钢筋的应变发展状况等。试验结果表明:有粘结预应力AFRP筋混凝土梁的受载全过程可分为三个阶段,即从加载到混凝土开裂,再到非预应力筋屈服,最终达到极限承载力;虽然AFRP筋材没有屈服点,但是其弹性模量较低,因此,试验梁破坏前有明显的变形和预兆;破坏时,AFRP筋应变不一定达到极限,其值可按平截面假定计算;此外,试验表明,适当提高张拉控制力能提高梁的极限承载能力。     

基于网络的结构远程试验系统的探讨

结构远程试验研究是目前国际结构工程研究的前沿领域,本文作者仅对实现结构远程试验的几个关键技术及其体系结构等进行了探讨,并对国内外在该方向的研究动向进行了简单介绍.     

吊罐天井的试验与应用

文中介绍了吊罐天井在老柞山金矿的试验效果及推广应用情况，阐述了吊罐天井施工中的关键技术，提出了对华－1型吊罐改进设想；对其它矿山应用吊罐法掘进天井具有参考和借鉴意义。     

How children turn out and how psychology turns them out.

Does authentic personhood exist independently, or is it necessarily tied to contingent cultural arrangements and historical change? This review essay considers 5 recent books in history, psychology, and law that address this question. They also treat development, gender, subjectivity, therapeutic expertise, family welfare policy, and how and why children turn out as they do. These important topics in the history of modern American psychology are equally central to scholarship on childhood and the cultural history of personhood. The books under review (in order of consideration) are the following: J. J. Brumberg, The Body Project: An Intimate History of American Girls; H. Cravens, Before Head Start: The Iowa Station and America's Children; K. W. Jones, Taming the Troublesome Child: American Families, Child Guidance, and the Limits of Psychiatric Authority; J. R. Harris, The Nurture Assumption: Why Children Turn Out the Way They Do; and E. Bartholet, Nobody's Children: Abuse and Neglect, Foster Drift, and the Adoption Alternative. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)