龙首二级水电站工程施工关键技术

甘肃龙首二级水电站大坝坝型为异型混凝土面板堆石坝,最大坝高146．5m,为保证工程进度,施工中将原常态混凝土改高趾墙用碾压混凝土施工,并在坝料开采中采用了洞室爆破技术．而且用挤压式混凝土边墙替代了面板坝上游坡面常规施工法．实践表明,垫层料和挤压边墙之间未发生脱空现象,并对混凝土面板的约束很小,无需涂刷乳化沥青等隔离剂;同时在趾板、泄洪洞放水塔钢筋施工中采用了钢筋等强直螺纹连接技术．所有这些均获得了良好的施工效果．     

Experimental investigation of creep behavior of clastic rock in Xiangjiaba Hydropower Project

There are many fracture zones crossing the dam foundation of the Xiangjiaba Hydropower Project in southwestern China. Clastic rock is the main media of the fracture zone and has poor physical and mechanical properties. In order to investigate the creep behavior of clastic rock,triaxial creep tests were conducted using a rock servo-controlling rheological testing machine. The results show that the creep behavior of clastic rock is significant at a high level of deviatoric stress, and less time-dependent deformation occurs at high confining pressure. Based on the creep test results, the relationship between axial strain and time under different confining pressures was investigated, and the relationship between axial strain rate and deviatoric stress was also discussed. The strain rate increases rapidly, and the rock sample fails eventually under high deviatoric stress. Moreover, the creep failure mechanism under different confining pressures was analyzed. The main failure mechanism of clastic rock is plastic shear, accompanied by a significant compression and ductile dilatancy. On the other hand, with the determined parameters, the Burgers creep model was used to fit the creep curves. The results indicate that the Burgers model can exactly describe the creep behavior of clastic rock in the Xiangjiaba Hydropower Project.     

变频调速装置在树林子加压泵站中的应用

从水库取水的大中型长距离引（调）水工程中的加压泵站因受水库水位和调水流量变化的影响,水泵扬程往往变幅较大,水泵选型方案的合理与否对工程建设投资、运行费用及工程运行管理等具有十分重要的意义。本文结合辽宁省葫芦岛市青山水库输水工程,从技术和经济上对树林子加压泵站水泵设计方案进行了比选,其结果可为类似工程设计提供参考。     

Energy, environment and development in Bhutan

Bhutan's energy and environmental situation and approaches to development are reviewed and analyzed in this paper. Conservation of natural resources and human happiness have been placed as central strategic policy themes and have been given high priority in the national development plans of Bhutan. Bhutan's unique approach to development via Gross National Happiness (GNH) or the Middle Path of development is being facilitated by the Royal Government of Bhutan as a tool to balance poverty alleviation, environmental conservation and development. However, challenges exist due to the constraints of resources, good governance, legal frameworks, and human capacity. This paper reviews selected sustainable energy projects (e.g. energy from renewables or energy conservation) in Bhutan and finds that in fact, Bhutan's renewable energy resources (e.g. water and forests) which have proved to be indispensable for development are vulnerable due to the adverse impacts of climate change and environmental degradation. Appropriate measures in order to reduce potential environmental degradation and mitigate climate change impacts have been acknowledged globally and these have potential for application in Bhutan. For example, implementation of sustainable energy projects under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol could offer an opportunity for mitigating climate change impacts and also contributing to sustainable development.     

杨房沟水电站地下洞室关键岩石力学问题及工程对策研究

杨房沟水电站地下洞室群规模宏大、地质条件复杂,施工期围岩稳定问题突出。为解决洞室开挖过程中普遍揭露的脆性岩体高应力破坏、缓倾结构面导致的顶拱变形破坏、喷层开裂脱落等岩石力学问题,结合施工地质、监测成果和数值模拟开展动态反馈分析,对洞群围岩稳定性进行了系统地分析和预测。结果表明,在洞室群开挖过程中,上游侧拱肩位置存在应力集中,是导致脆性硬岩发生片帮破坏的主要原因,而及时、有效的系统支护对抑制围岩应力型破坏至关重要;缓倾结构面对顶拱围岩变形与稳定起着控制性作用,主要表现为断层下盘岩体坍塌破坏和深层变形问题;在中高地应力条件下,受不利地质构造和施工质量等因素控制,洞室顶拱混凝土喷层容易发生开裂、脱落问题。通过开展施工期围岩监测反馈分析,不仅能够解释围岩变形破坏机制,而且能够为支护设计优化和信息化施工提供科学依据。     

江坪河水电站座环基础环安装技术

座环、基础环是水轮发电机组的重要部件,其安装施工是机组安装施工的重点和难点,也是机组安装施工工期的关键节点。以江坪河水电站工程为例,介绍了座环、基础环安装的施工布置、施工工艺及主要施工技术,为类似水电站座环、基础环的安装施工提供了一定借鉴经验。     

基于导向标准断面法的受冲淤影响洪峰水位预报模型

为有效解决受冲淤影响洪峰水位预报问题,以巴水流域主要控制站马家潭水文站为例,在分析水文站水位-流量关系特性的基础上,采用导向标准断面法建立了受冲淤影响的洪峰水位预报模型。实例验证结果表明,模型水位预报精度较高,能满足马家潭水文站预报精度要求,可以较好解决受冲淤影响洪峰水位预报的难题。     

抢抓机遇 与时俱进 加快索风营水电站建设步伐

通过对索风营水电站建设中几个主要施工环节如何科学求实地优化设计和施工组织方案，加快其建设步伐的论述，全方位地反映了参建各方在安全、质量、进度、投资控制与环保同步等方面所作出的积极努力和取得的阶段性成果。     

2000年梧州水文站水量平衡初探

从2000年梧州水文站流量测验和资料整编方法，特别是运用区间倍比法和降水径流法计算区间水量等方面着手，分析检查梧州站水文测验和资料整编的合理性，论证梧州水文站水文测验符合规范标；住，质量是可靠的     

水电厂辅助设备计算机仿真研究(I)

结合浙江省新安江水力发电厂,对水电厂辅助设备仿真进行了研究.建立了油、水、气系统数学模型和仿真模型.将油系统分为油槽油位、压油槽及工作门等子系统进行仿真;将气系统分为制动用气、调相压水用气、压油槽补气等子系统进行仿真;对水系统建立整体模型,根据水系统的流体网络图形,得出一种流体回路计算方法.该模型较好地解决了水电厂辅助设备计算机仿真问题.