浅谈CNG母站节能降耗问题

目前我国CMG汽车保有量和CNG加气站数量在持续增加,但在安全管理和节能降耗方面的技术研究相对落后,CNG加气站各种问题日渐凸现,本文简单介绍CNG加气站工作流程,并针对CNG加气站的现有设备及日常运行情况,从各个方面提出合理性建议,以便于解决CNG母站在节能降耗方面存在的问题。     

Early construction and operation of the highly contaminated water treatment system in Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (III) – a unique simulation code to evaluate time-dependent Cs adsorption/desorption behavior in column system

A simulation code was developed to evaluate the performance of the cesium adsorption instrument operating in Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station. Since contaminated water contains seawater whose salinity is not constant, a new model was introduced to the conventional zeolite column simulation code to deal with the variable salinity of the seawater. Another feature of the cesium adsorption instrument is that it consists of several columns arranged in both series and parallel. The spent columns are replaced in a unique manner using a merry-go-round system. The code is designed by taking those factors into account. Consequently, it enables the evaluation of the performance characteristics of the cesium adsorption instrument, such as the time history of the decontamination factor, the cesium adsorption amount in each column, and the axial distribution of the adsorbed cesium in the spent columns. The simulation is conducted for different operation patterns and its results are given to Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO) to support the optimization of the operation schedule. The code is also used to investigate the cause of some events that actually occurred in the operation of the cesium adsorption instrument.     

Radiochemical analysis of rubble and trees collected from Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station

To characterize the rubble and trees contaminated by radionuclides released by the recent accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, the radiochemical analysis protocols were modified using those developed by the Japan Atomic Energy Agency for the waste generated by research, industrial, and medical facilities. The radioactivity concentrations of gamma-ray-emitting nuclides ⁶⁰Co, ⁹⁴Nb, ¹⁵²Eu, and ¹⁵⁴Eu, and beta-particle-emitting nuclides ¹⁴C, ¹²⁹I, ³⁶Cl, ⁷⁹Se, and ⁹⁹Tc were successfully applied by the modified analytical method. In contrast, the radioactivity concentrations of ³H, ⁹⁰Sr, ¹³⁷Cs, and alpha-particle-emitting nuclides were applied by the conventional method. Unfortunately, ³⁶Cl, ⁹⁴Nb, ¹²⁹I, ¹⁵²Eu, ¹⁵⁴Eu, and alpha-particle-emitting nuclides were below the detection limit of the conventional method. The measured radioactivity concentrations, except for that of ³H, were not uniform in the area but depended on the reactor unit. Although the radioactivity concentrations were varied widely, this analysis successfully clarified the characteristics of the radioactivity concentrations of the rubble and trees.     

定位技术在奥运“城市通”系统中的应用

作为2008年奥运会的举办城市,北京将会成为国内外游客主要聚集的地区,为了向用户提供"随时随地、方便快捷"的信息查询和位置查询服务,中国网通集团研究院开发了奥运"城市通"系统,通过该系统,用户可以使用一个具有定位功能的小灵通终端进行餐饮、娱乐、观光的出行导航和综合城市信息、企业信息的查询,因此,定位技术是实现"城市通"业务的核心,为开发其他增值业务提供了基础,本文将详细介绍定位技术在"城市通"业务中的应用。     

大中型水电站多台机组投运经验

依据监控系统自身特点,结合广西龙滩水电站投运过程,以尽量减少对已投运设备的影响、提高项目实施过程中系统安全性为目标,总结大中型水电站监控系统投运过程中需要注意的事项。     

Node-based vs. path-based location models for urban hydrogen refueling stations: Comparing convenience and coverage abilities

For optimizing locations of hydrogen refueling stations, two popular approaches represent fuel demands as either nodes or paths, which imply different refueling behavior and definitions of convenience. This paper compares path-based vs. node-based models from the perspective of minimizing total additional travel time and feasibly covering all demands with the same number of stations. For this comparison, two new station location models are introduced that extend the Flow Capturing Location Model (FCLM) and p-Median Problem (PMP) by consistently defining upper limits on vehicle driving range and maximum inconvenience on refueling trips. Results for an idealized metropolitan area and Orlando, Florida show that path-based refueling substantially reduces wasteful travel time for refueling and covers more demand feasibly and more equitably in most scenarios. Path-based models incorporate the fact that residents of a zone regularly interact with other zones; therefore, individual stations can cover flows originating both near and far from their locations. This study suggests that path-based approaches to planning hydrogen refueling infrastructure enable more people in more neighborhoods to refuel fuel-cell vehicles without wasting excessive time or running out of fuel.     

水口水电站坝下治理工程实施后尾水位—流量关系分析

水口水电站坝下治理工程实施后,电站坝下尾水位—流量关系发生变化,直接影响电站平稳运行。为分析这种变化,基于一维恒定非均匀流水力学方法,对水口水电站坝下工程实施后水电站坝下尾水位—流量关系进行数值模拟,并结合河道来沙量、采砂量及河道大断面变化资料,分析工程建设前、后水电站尾水位—流量变化规律。结果表明,河道地形变化是尾水位—流量关系变化的主要原因,坝下治理工程建成后,水电站尾水位—流量关系与现状相比整体升高1.20～3.01m,发电净水头减小。     

光照水电站EL.612 m高程以下坝基基础施工

光照水电站位于贵州省关岭县和晴隆县交界的北盘江中游,是北盘江干流的龙头梯级电站。电站地处梯级电站地区,地质条件复杂,大坝防渗帷幕由延伸至两岸的主体防渗帷幕和坝后辅助防渗帷幕组成,帷幕灌浆最大深度约115 m,设计最大灌浆压力为6 MPa。主要介绍EL.612 m高程以下坝基基础处理施工技术。     

向家坝二纵围堰柔性结构段基础施工技术初探

向家坝水电站二期纵向围堰上游段座落于厚达45～62 m的覆盖层上，为提高接头段深厚覆盖层地基承载力，且保证导流期不同江水位时的堰体稳定，优化调整方案为，将接头段和导水段改为柔性结构。详细介绍了柔性结构段基础处理中所涉及的施工程序、施工技术和异常情况处理等。二纵围堰经过了2009年和2010年两个汛期的考验，安全监测显示与实际运行表明，柔性结构体结构稳定。将导水结构堰体改为柔性结构体，不仅节约了投资，而且保证了二期截流工程按施工总进度计划实施。     

改进型冷却水管坝后预留槽设计与应用

冷却水管坝后预留槽施工关系到冷却水管连接、坝面外观和后期封堵等问题。采用传统的预留槽布置方案,需要进行预埋木盒的制作、安装以及拆除后的二期混凝土回填等工作,这些工作费工费时,且容易产生质量缺陷。介绍了一种改进型预留槽施工工艺,即在冷却水管外露端头绑扎土工布代替传统的预埋木盒。分析比较表明,该方法可有效减少施工成本和缩短工期,具有很强的推广价值。