西南地区不同山地环境梯度叶面积指数遥感反演

叶面积指数(LAI)遥感估算是植被定量遥感研究的热点之一,监测植被LAI时空变化对于研究陆地生态系统碳循环及全球变化等具有非常重要的意义。在我国西南山区设置10个50km×50km的观测样区作为研究区,其中包括5个森林生态系统样区、3个农田生态系统样区和2个草地生态系统样区。分别获取不同优势植被类型LAI地面实测数据,结合同期获取的遥感数据,考虑地形因素影响,基于偏最小二乘原理分别构建各样区LAI遥感估算模型,并采用交叉验证的方式对模型精度进行评价。结果表明:考虑了海拔、坡度和坡向等地形因子的森林LAI遥感反演模型与未考虑地形变量的模型相比,其验证精度有所提高,R2由0.30~0.75提高至0.50~0.80,RMSE由0.52~0.93m2/m2降低至0.48~0.89m2/m2;所有样区优势植被类型LAI反演模型验证R2在0.40~0.80之间,RMSE在0.22~0.89m2/m2之间。发展的LAI遥感估算方法有助于认知山地植被LAI反演的地形效应问题,可为进一步的山地植被长势监测提供科学依据。     

顾及面积和位置差异的高分遥感影像分割质量评价方法

高分遥感影像分割质量对面向对象分类精度有着重要的影响,良好的影像分割质量有利于得到较高的分类精度。对高分遥感影像分割质量进行评价,从而找到最优的分割结果就显得十分重要。通过对比参考对象和分割对象之间的面积和位置差异,提出了一种新的高分遥感影像分割质量评价方法。将该评价方法应用于GeoEye-1高分遥感影像分割质量评价,试验结果表明:该评价方法能客观地评价影像分割质量,所得到的最优分割结果与参考对象边界匹配程度高,有利于影像后续的分类。     

青年馆员的力量

21世纪是一个信息化的知识经济时代,以计算机为代表的现代信息技术的开发利用,使图书馆发生了巨大的变革。青年馆员作为图书馆行业的新生力量,为图书馆带来了生机与活力。作为满足读者需求的重要保证,新时代的图书馆员既要拥有熟练应用图书馆相关信息技术的能力,还要拥有复合型知识结构。     

The Rise of Twitter in the Political Campaign: Searching for Intermedia Agenda‐Setting Effects in the Presidential Primary

Questions exist over the extent to which social media content may bypass, follow, or attract the attention of traditional media. This study sheds light on such dynamics by examining intermedia agenda‐setting effects among the Twitter feeds of the 2012 presidential primary candidates, Twitter feeds of the Republican and Democratic parties, and articles published in the nation's top newspapers. Daily issue frequencies within media were analyzed using time series analysis. A symbiotic relationship was found between agendas in Twitter posts and traditional news, with varying levels of intensity and differential time lags by issue. While traditional media follow candidates on certain topics, on others they are able to predict the political agenda on Twitter.     

蓝牙安全研究

蓝牙是一种短距离射频（RF）通信开放标准。蓝牙技术主要用于建立无线个人局域网（WPAN）,并已被集成到多种类型的企业和消费者电子设备。本文介绍了蓝牙的技术特点、安全功能、存在的脆弱性和面临的威胁,并给出了蓝牙安全风险缓解对策建议。     

Blending science and public policies for remediation of a degraded ecosystem: Jackfish Bay, north shore of Lake Superior, Ontario, Canada

The Jackfish Bay Remedial Action Plan is the first of Lake Superior's Areas of Concern (AOCs) to consider recognition as an Area in Recovery (AiR). As a result of a high degree of complexity and uncertainty, ecosystem recovery in Jackfish Bay has been determined using a combination of regulatory policies and scientific evidence and extensive public and expert-based decision making. As a result, the conceptualization of the AiR status in Jackfish Bay has been developed with the adaptive management and the ecosystem approach, which provide the basic principles of assessing, monitoring, and managing the Area of Concern. To determine the status of beneficial use impairments caused by effluent from the Terrace Bay Pulp Inc., three public advisory committees—an academic panel of experts, a government technical review committee, and the Jackfish Bay Public Area in Recovery Review Committee (PARRC)—reviewed relevant scientific data and documents, including peer-reviewed publications, to assess changes in pollution levels in Jackfish Bay and improvements to aquatic, biotic, and benthic environments of the bay. The public decision-making process concluded with recommendations by the PARRC to develop a systematic monitoring program so that the ecosystem recovery process in the bay could be assessed on a continued basis, leading to its eventual delisting as an AOC. The entire process provides an example of blending science and public policies for remediation of a degraded ecosystem on the Great Lakes.     

三峡库区白鹤梁题刻原址水下保护工程设计

三峡水利枢纽工程建成后,水库正常蓄水位将提高到175 m,库区有大量的文物需要保护。白鹤梁题刻既是国家级文物,也是三峡工程文物保护的重点,由于其特殊的地理条件和保护要求,保护方案几经论证才最终形成。介绍了用“无压容器”概念修建白鹤梁题刻原址保护工程方案的设计理念及主要设计成果。工程于2003年2月开工建设,2009年5月建成开馆。这一极具创新设想的工程实施,成为世界上唯一的遗址类水下博物馆,为水下文化遗产的原址保护提供了成功的工程范例。     

三峡库区重庆段一维水流模型糙率修正分析

为寻求河道水流一维数值模拟计算中关键参数“糙率”的确定方法,采用MIKE11一维水动力模型模拟了三峡库区重庆段(寸滩至长寿)37个断面的水位流量变化。首先用经验的方法确定模拟计算的初步糙率;然后以天然河道上、下游某断面流量作为边界进行模拟计算;再将得到的各断面的模拟水位值代入各测量断面,得到此断面的过水面积、水力半径和流量模数;最后将通过规范公式计算的糙率代入一维水流模型中进行计算,从而得到修正的糙率。结果表明：该方法能够有效提高模拟的精度,减小糙率对模拟结果的影响,对我国其他大江大河的水流数值模拟研究具有重要的参考和应用价值。     

康山蓄滞洪区洪水风险图研制分析

根据康山蓄滞洪区基础资料,分析不同洪水风险图编制方法,并研制了康山蓄滞洪区洪水风险图,给防汛部门实施指挥决策、抢险救灾提供依据,确保康山蓄滞洪区分洪运用前人员安全及时转移,最大限度地避免人员伤亡,减轻财产损失.     

浅析东雷抽黄灌区泵站更新改造设计中的几个重要环节

通过渭南市东雷抽黄大型灌溉泵站的更新改造设计,提出泵站在改造设计中应注意的几个重要环节,以期为其他大型灌排泵站的更新改造提供参考与帮助。