Effects of training to implement new tools and working methods to reduce knee load in floor layers

The purpose was to measure the effect of a participatory ergonomics implementation strategy consisting of information, education, and facilitation on the use of new tools and working methods in the floor laying trade. Floor layers (n=292) were trained in using new working methods. The effects were evaluated by using questionnaires, interviews, and assessments of quality and productivity. Following the training, 43% had used the new working methods weekly/daily compared to 11% before. There was a reduction in the degree of self-reported pain in the knees among the floor layers using the new working methods weekly or daily compared to those using them never or occasionally. The musculoskeletal complaints did not increase from any other region and the quality and the productivity of the work were not decreased. This indicates that within a 3-months perspective the implementation strategy succeeded.     

银行交易系统灾备技术研究与应用

简要介绍银行在大集中后省级分行的灾难备份情况,以某省行交易系统为例,从省级分行的灾备需求出发,通过过多次实验,包括“从SAN中的共享磁盘启动小型机”和生产数据中心和备份中心灾难切换,设计了省级行以玲备份方式进行的灾难备份及恢复实施方案,有助于犬集中后省级行建立灾难恢复中心的建设,保证银行业务持续性稳定发展。     

无线局域网环境中"非法"AP的审计与发现

本文主要利用无线电磁波理论和实验数据,对无线局域网环境中"非法"AP的检测追踪与审计发现进行了有益的探索.     

四个操作系统启动硬盘的安装

通过一种特殊的方法,在用一硬盘中,实现能分别启动的四个操作系统的安装。     

测定外延层电阻率的面接触方法研究

评论了美国科学家C.C. Allen等于1966年发表的“测定外延层电阻率的点接触方法”之论文的局限性,从而提出了本方法。本方法从理论上解一维Poisson方程并与C.C。Allen法的公式相比较,获得某些公式。文中导出了面接触方法雪崩击穿电压V_(Ba)~∞(V)及点接触方法雪崩击穿电压V_(Bp)~∞(V)的比值为V_(Ba)~∞=0.456;同时还导出了点接触方法外延层耗尽层宽度为t_(min p)(μm)和面接触方法外延层耗尽层宽度t_(mina(μm)的比值为t_(minp)/t_(mina)=2.565。在实践上,为证实两种模型的功能,利用两种探针进行了对比测试。一种是通常被采用的点接触锇尖探针:另一种是利用φ0.8±0.1mm的银针,在银针顶上吸上φ0.4±0.1mm的汞球,以实现面接触。理论和实验吻合良好。     

暂态能量校正和临界群识别：三论暂态能量函数直接法

当前流行的直接法都采用了基于两群模式的暂态能量函数,认为多机系统的暂态稳定性仅取决于该特定扰动下的两个互补机群间的相对运动,并据此对群内的能量进行了校正。显然,校正中的不一致性将会引入误差。另一方面,群际能量并不是封闭的,它和群内能量之间的互相转换是这类直接法的又一个重要误差源。当同一群内的各机动态响应相差甚远时,这种情况可能变得十分严峻。本文综合分析了暂态能量的校正问题,并介绍了在保持EEAC言简意赅特点的前提下尽量减少此类误差方面所取得的最新成果。 在所有针对群内动能或势能进行校正的直接法中,临界群和余下群的速度或功角对暂态能量的作用是相反的。正确识别临界群是直接法成功的基本前提,而有效地推荐候选的临界群,使需要试探的候选群数目尽量减少则关系到直接法的速度优势。这个长期困扰着直接法的问题最近也被出色地解决了。本文对有关的成果和下一步需要解决的问题进行了讨论。     

Stakeholder orientated sustainable land management: The Ruhr Area as a role model for urban areas

The concept of sustainable land management (SLM) can help create a balance between the different demands of economy, society and nature. SLM means to actively develop land based on a knowledge-based procedure. It should aim on long term enhancements. The basis of SLM is the interests and the goals of the stakeholders. It is the result of a bargaining process between different institutions by creating win-win-situations or adequate conflict solutions to reach a consensus. The Ruhr Area is Germany’s biggest metropolitan area. Land management regarding economic, social and environmental issues, which has a long tradition in this area, goes back to 1920. Being the centre of the heavy industry in Germany for more than 150 years, the Ruhr Area today is a green metropolis. The ecological, social and economical change of this industrial region can serve as a role model for SLM in urban areas all over the world.     

Assessment of fish mercury levels in the upper St. Lawrence River,Canada

The stretch of the St. Lawrence River near Cornwall, Ontario, Canada, between the Moses–Saunders power dam to the eastern outlet of Lake St. Francis in Québec, is currently listed as an Area of Concern (AOC), and has restrictive fish consumption advisories in place, largely due to high mercury levels. This study examined long-term temporal trends of mercury concentrations in northern pike, smallmouth bass, walleye and yellow perch from the St. Lawrence River, including the Cornwall AOC. In addition, differences in fish mercury concentrations among river sections were compared for each species using historical (1975–1979) and recent (2000–2011) data. Statistically significant declines in mercury concentrations were observed in all river sections for yellow perch (~ 40%), as well as in northern pike and walleye in at least one river section. For the river section encompassing the AOC, recent mercury concentrations are 33–59% lower than historical mercury concentrations for all four species. Further, a comparison of recent mercury concentrations between the AOC river section and other Ontario lakes/rivers suggests that AOC mercury values are within the 75th percentile of values for other Ontario water bodies in three of the four species considered. However, current fish mercury values for the AOC river section remain higher than one or more upstream river sections. These results indicate that recovery is still ongoing in this AOC.     

引黄灌区跨地区水权转让补偿 标准的研究

针对黄河流域引黄灌区的跨地区水权转让补偿标准的定量问题,探讨了转让费用构成中的农业风险补偿、生态补偿、水管单位补偿的含义和计算方法,并以内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市引黄灌区的水权转让一期项目为实例,通过计算得出3项补偿费用为889.92万元/年,在25年水权转让期内应付出的补偿费用为22 248万元,水的转让价格平均增加补偿费用为3.45元/m3。对黄河流域水权转让费用构成中的补偿费用进行准确的定量计算,将会进一步推动水权转让更加科学合理的实施,并为引黄灌区的健康持续发展奠定基础。     

竹塑复合材料在宁夏灌区末级渠系 衬砌中的应用研究

宁夏灌区末级渠系渠道衬砌率低,冻胀破坏和渗漏损失严重,灌区农业灌溉水利用系数仅为0.42。而且,灌区末级渠系的衬砌改造一直全部采用混凝土刚性材料进行防渗,存在的问题较多。为此,引进了技术先进、价格合理、适应性强的竹塑复合材料进行末级渠系衬砌,以改善灌区输水条件,延长衬砌工程使用寿命,实现水资源高效利用。本文从水力条件、节水效果、耕地占用、维修养护、施工速度等方面对传统混凝土渠道与竹塑复合材料衬砌渠道的特性进行了分析比较,并进行了相关综合经济效益评价。