论溪落渡水电站的战略地位

溪落渡水电站是金沙江上最大的一座巨型电站,装机容量1200~1500万kW,除发电外兼有防洪、拦沙、改善下游航运等综合利用效益。通过对金沙江水电基地在我国经济建设中的地位和作用;溪落渡水电站在金沙江水电基地开发中的地位和作用、在“西电东送(包括南送)”中的地位和作用以及在长江上游水电基地中的地位和作用等论述,希望引起有关领导和决策部门的重视,加快溪落水电站前期工作的进程和促进金沙江水电基地的开发。     

Measuring the economic benefits of the Youngsan River Restoration Project in Kwangju,Korea, using contingent valuation

This study examines the economic benefits of a river restoration project in the Youngsan River, Kwangju, Korea, using a contingent valuation method. It employs a spike model to address the high proportion of zero responses. The results indicate that a household's annual mean willingness to pay is KRW3410 in Kwangju and KRW1744 in other regions. The resulting benefit-cost ratio is 2.29, indicating that the project would be socially profitable, and that households appear willing to support it financially.     

Institutional factors affecting fish passage in the Columbia River Treaty renegotiation

ABSTRACT

The United States and Canada have begun renegotiating the Columbia River Treaty, which is an international model for transboundary water governance. This paper identifies six institutional factors that will affect negotiations pertaining to fish passage during the renegotiation of the treaty: geographical advantage, issue linkage, a basin commission, the duration of agreements, negotiating autonomy and side payments. These factors and the methods used to determine them can be applied to other transboundary river basins where basin states have a history of transboundary resource governance. This analysis also serves as a policy-relevant resource for Columbia River Treaty negotiators and stakeholders.     

中型山区河流水电站下游的鱼类生态需水量计算

为更好地对河流水电开发后的鱼类进行保护,探讨中型山区河流水电站下游的鱼类生态需水量计算.参照大型河流鱼类水力生境参数标准,根据中型山区河流的特点,得到中型山区河流鱼类水力生境参数的参考标准.选取有代表性的四川中型山区河流杂谷脑河进行鱼类生境原型观测,原型观测结果证实了该参考标准能够满足杂谷脑河鱼类对生境的实际需求.基于所得到的参考标准,应用生态水力学法对杂谷脑河红叶二级、理县以及甘堡3座电站减水河段的鱼类生态需水量进行计算分析,得到3座电站的生态需水量推荐值.通过分析可知,所得到的生态需水量推荐值占年均天然流量以及设计引用流量的比例都不高,在3座电站的运行实践中,具有可操作性.     

黄河上中游流域泥沙优化配置研究

针对流域水土流失的灾害性、泥沙利用现状及泥沙优化配置的必要性,基于大系统分解-协调思想的流域泥沙优化配置原理与流域各子系统的泥沙多目标优化配置方法,构建了流域泥沙优化配置理论框架。进而建立了黄河上中游流域泥沙优化配置数学模型,该模型包括相互联系的各子系统、各分区和大系统三级泥沙优化配置数学模型,开展了不同水沙条件的黄河上中游流域泥沙优化配置方案计算,对计算结果进行了评价并提出了建议方案,为黄河上中游流域泥沙的科学治理提供了参考依据。     

Effect of neighbouring village conditions and infrastructure interdependency on economic opportunity: A case study of the Yogyakarta region,Indonesia

To determine whether the inclusion of conditions in neighbouring villages and infrastructure interdependency are able to improve the performance of infrastructure–economy interaction models, we compare three related and progressive concepts. The first concept defines economic opportunity in a village as a function of available infrastructure within that village. The second concept includes the effect of economic opportunity in neighbouring villages in addition to available infrastructure within the village. In the third concept, we include the interdependency of infrastructures as another factor affecting the potential level of economic development in the village. We use Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and a Geographic Information System (GIS) to model the first concept, and we add a spatial-lag model for the second. The third model expands on the second by introducing a Sugeno Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) and a rule-based OLS to capture the nature of infrastructure interdependency. The result of the three models is validated by a known spatial distribution of poverty levels and subjective well-being that serve as proxies for economic opportunity in the Yogyakarta region in Indonesia. The results demonstrate that the third model provides a more accurate prediction of the real conditions and performs consistently better than the other two models. We therefore conclude that conditions in neighbouring villages and infrastructure interdependency influence the economic opportunity of a village and should be considered in policy making regarding resource allocation in infrastructure development.     

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Biometric identification,financial inclusion and economic growth in India: does mobile penetration matter?

ABSTRACT

Using data on major Indian states during 2001–2014, the paper analyzes the impact of AIM (Aadhaar, Inclusion and Mobile) trinity on economic growth. Using advanced panel data techniques, the evidence suggests that mobile penetration exerts a positive and statistically significant impact on economic growth. In addition, there exist strong complementarities between mobile telephony and financial inclusion. The magnitude of the complementarity is significantly higher in case of financial use as compared with financial access. In addition, the evidence points to the fact that biometric identification process (Aadhaar) is making its impact felt on financial inclusion, primarily by improving financial access.     

Maximum speedup ratio curve (MSC) in parallel computing of the binary-tree-based drainage network

Restricted computational capacity has become a key factor in limiting the development of a majority of distributed basin models. Parallel computing is one of the most effective methods for solving this problem. Although many parallel-computing methods have been employed in basin models, few studies have carried out theoretical research on parallel characteristics of river basins. In this paper, the drainage network of river basins is treated as a binary-tree structure. Using the binary-tree theory, we find that there exists a maximum speedup curve (MSC) for an arbitrary drainage network. The x-coordinate of the MSC represents the number of processors used during the computing, while the y-coordinate corresponds to the maximum speedup ratio (MSR) that can be obtained. Under several essential assumptions, the theoretical function of MSC is established. The function indicates that the MSC consists of an ascending section and a horizontal section. A parallel algorithm capable of acquiring the MSC is proposed as well. Using this algorithm, the MSC is tested at two different-resolution drainage networks of the Lhasa River Basin. A 2-year rainfall-runoff process is simulated. The results prove the existence of MSC. However, primarily influenced by the load imbalance of subbasins, the simulation values of MSR are usually smaller than the theoretical ones.     

江西经济发展走势对运输需求的分析与预测

区域经济的发展是运输需求的源泉。新世纪以来,江西经济进入了持续稳定发展的快车道,极大地促进了运输需求的持续增长,运输线路长度不断延长,全社会运输量不断增加。随着江西经济社会快速发展,城镇化进程的加快,资源环境约束压力的加大,运输需求结构提升,对运输需求提出了更高的要求,运输需求多样化、个性化、机动化、快速化和网络化的趋势更加显著。     

浅析金鸡拦河闸重建工程的环境保护与防治控制

论述了泉州市金鸡拦河闸重建工程的意义,分析了重建工程对河道上下游水生态环境的影响,提出了环境保护与污染防治措施。