Accuracy of Approximation of a Solution to an Abstract Cauchy Problem

A constructive image of the solution to a homogeneous Cauchy problem in a Banach space with a densely specified linear closed logarithmically-sector operator is investigated. The uniform accuracy of estimation of an approximate solution in t ≥ 0 is proved. __________ Translated from Kibernetika i Sistemnyi Analiz, No. 3, pp. 145–152, May–June 2005.     

Heat transfer enhancement in a tube using circular cross sectional rings separated from wall

A numerical study was undertaken for investigating the heat transfer enhancement in a tube with the circular cross sectional rings. The rings were inserted near the tube wall. Five different spacings between the rings were considered as p = d/2, p = d, p = 3d/2, p = 2d and p = 3d. Uniform heat flux was applied to the external surface of the tube and air was selected as working fluid. Numerical calculations were performed with FLUENT 6.1.22 code, in the range of Reynolds number 4475–43725. The results obtained from a smooth tube were compared with those from the studies in literature in order to validate the numerical method. Consequently, the variation of Nusselt number, friction factor and overall enhancement ratios for the tube with rings were presented and the best overall enhancement of 18% was achieved for Re = 15,600 for which the spacing between the rings is 3d.     

提高电影经纬仪外场使用精度的方法

本文介绍了在靶场使用的电影经纬仪一种自检方法及与此法有关的天文基本知识。仪器各单项误差检测方法,各单项误差对测角精度的影响及修正方法,指出提高电影经纬仪外场使用精度的途径。     

How shape constancy relates to drawing accuracy.

There is increasing evidence that the major source of drawing errors lies in the initial perception of the to-be-drawn object. In four experiments, the authors explore the relation between an artist's susceptibility to perceptual transformations, as measured by a simple shape constancy task, and drawing accuracy. The data reveal a robust negative relation between errors on the shape constancy task and drawing accuracy in general, and specifically the accuracy of the rendering of spatial relations. The data further suggest that the perceptual processes that lead to errors on the shape constancy task occur during the initial encoding of the stimuli. The authors conclude that the shape constancy task likely measures one's ability to overcome constructive perception processes that transform the retinal image into a final percept, and that this ability is necessary for the accurate rendering of objects. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

对漏板温度检测和控制的进一步研究之一——信号检测及传输

采用系统的观点,对漏板温度控制的各个主要环节进行了分析,提出了关于漏板温度控制的一些见解,并系统地介绍了提高漏板温度控制精度的方法、途径和注意事项,以便有利于从系统的角度出发完成漏板温度控制的设计和设备元器件选型。     

Accurate and precise determination of isotopic ratios by MC‐ICP‐MS: A review

For many decades the accurate and precise determination of isotope ratios has remained a very strong interest to many researchers due to its important applications in earth, environmental, biological, archeological, and medical sciences. Traditionally, thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) has been the technique of choice for achieving the highest accuracy and precision. However, recent developments in multi‐collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC‐ICP‐MS) have brought a new dimension to this field. In addition to its simple and robust sample introduction, high sample throughput, and high mass resolution, the flat‐topped peaks generated by this technique provide for accurate and precise determination of isotope ratios with precision reaching 0.001%, comparable to that achieved with TIMS. These features, in combination with the ability of the ICP source to ionize nearly all elements in the periodic table, have resulted in an increased use of MC‐ICP‐MS for such measurements in various sample matrices. To determine accurate and precise isotope ratios with MC‐ICP‐MS, utmost care must be exercised during sample preparation, optimization of the instrument, and mass bias corrections. Unfortunately, there are inconsistencies and errors evident in many MC‐ICP‐MS publications, including errors in mass bias correction models. This review examines “state‐of‐the‐art” methodologies presented in the literature for achievement of precise and accurate determinations of isotope ratios by MC‐ICP‐MS. Some general rules for such accurate and precise measurements are suggested, and calculations of combined uncertainty of the data using a few common mass bias correction models are outlined. © 2009 Crown in the right of Canada. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 28:990–1011, 2009     

高精度凸轮加工装置

针对高精度、低表面粗糙度、高硬度凸轮难以加工问题，设计出在平面磨床上磨削凸轮的装置，该装置采用液压控制，保证了凸轮在磨削过程中的进给均匀：主体部分采用斜面齿条来保证凸轮的升程。     

Current-voltage characteristics from an asymptotic analysis of the MOSFET equations

Phenomenological formulae for the current-voltage characteristics of a MOSFET are derived by extending the asymptotic method of Ward. Practical methods for combining the perturbation approximations and numerically implementing the Ward equations are developed. A detailed comparison with real MOSFET data is presented and the model is shown to be effective over a range of device geometries.     

旬阳水电站机组机型选择

结合旬阳水电站发电机组机型选择,针对轴流转桨式和灯泡贯流式2种机型的性能、设计制造难度、经济性等诸多方面进行了技术经济对比分析,最终推荐旬阳水电站选用轴流转桨式水轮发电机组。     

Combining predictions in pairwise classification: An optimal adaptive voting strategy and its relation to weighted voting

Weighted voting is the commonly used strategy for combining predictions in pairwise classification. Even though it shows good classification performance in practice, it is often criticized for lacking a sound theoretical justification. In this paper, we study the problem of combining predictions within a formal framework of label ranking and, under some model assumptions, derive a generalized voting strategy in which predictions are properly adapted according to the strengths of the corresponding base classifiers. We call this strategy adaptive voting and show that it is optimal in the sense of yielding a MAP prediction of the class label of a test instance. Moreover, we offer a theoretical justification for weighted voting by showing that it yields a good approximation of the optimal adaptive voting prediction. This result is further corroborated by empirical evidence from experiments with real and synthetic data sets showing that, even though adaptive voting is sometimes able to achieve consistent improvements, weighted voting is in general quite competitive, all the more in cases where the aforementioned model assumptions underlying adaptive voting are not met. In this sense, weighted voting appears to be a more robust aggregation strategy.