碳酸盐岩水淹层定性评价方法研究

储层水淹层评价,尤其是针对碳酸盐岩地层的水淹层评价是当今石油开发中的一个世界性难题.针对碳酸盐岩地层的特点,提出裂缝孔隙度与电阻率交会图版法、井间电阻率与含水饱和度关系对比法、声波时差与电阻率曲线形态相关法、自然电位时间推移测井法等4种定性评价碳酸盐岩水淹层的方法.这4种方法可以从不同的角度对水淹层的水淹程度、水源及其水淹层位进行定性评价,从一定程度上填补了碳酸盐岩水淹层评价方法上的空缺.通过在ZL油田的实际运用表明,这几种方法具有各自的优点,结合现场情况,选择适合的方法对碳酸盐岩水淹层进行定性评价可以取得良好的效果.     

生物质气在SOFCs中的循环系统设计及原理

设计了一种生物质气在固体氧化物燃料电池堆(SOFCs)中的循环流程.在本技术中,生物质气的主要成分甲烷首先被熔融盐中的晶格氧部分氧化为H2和CO,生物质气中的杂质S和重金属被熔融盐吸收;CO和H2在SOFCs阳极室被电化学氧化为CO2和H20,反应释放的大部分能量转化为电能;大部分CO2在特定温度下,经可再生材料Li4SiO4吸收、解吸被提纯回收.少量CO2和H2O被循环到熔融盐池与甲烷发生重整反应,反应所需要的热量由甲烷部分氧化释放的热量提供.本系统中SOFCs抗积碳及对含S和N燃料的容忍性比较好;整个系统能量利用率高,可以实现CO2的零排放.     

Spectral Characterization of Laser Induced Plasma from Titanium Dioxide

Optical emission from TiO2 plasma, generated by a nanosecond laser is spectroscopically analysed. The main chemical species are identified and the spatio-temporal distribution of the plasma parameters such as electron temperature and density are characterized based on the study of spectral distribution of the line intensities and their broadening characteristics. The parameters of laser induced plasma vary quickly owing to its expansion at low background pressure and the possible deviations from local thermodynamic equilibrium conditions are tested to show its validity.     

COMPOSITIVE EMISSION CONTROL SYSTEM OF GASOLINE VEHICLE

The working principle of a kind of compositive emission control system is inquired into, which includes exhaust heater, secondary air supplement, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), thermal reactor and catalytic converter, etc. The purification effect of CO, HC and NOx emission of the gasoline spark ignite (S.I.) engine is studied. The entire vehicle driving cycle tests based on the national emission standard and a series of the gasoline engine-testing bench tests including full load characteristic experiment, load characteristic experiment and idle speed experiment are done. The results show that the system has a very good emission control effect to CO, HC and NOx of gasoline engine. The construction of the system is very simple and can be mounted on the exhaust pipe conveniently without any alteration of the vehicle-use gasoline engine.     

热声系统跳频现象研究

进行了带声压放大器的驻波型热声驱动RC负载的实验研究,在实验中观察到频率跳变现象,根据驻波型热声系统的运行模式,对跳频现象出现的声阻范围、跳频现象随加热功率的变化关系以及跳频现象和声压放大器长度的关系进行了归纳和总结.     

行波热声发动机的多负载声功输出特性

为进一步提高热声发动机的声功输出能力并为驱动多负载做准备,提出了热声发动机声功的多路引出方案。实验中以氮气为工质,工作压力为2．4MPa,在热声发动机环路压比稳定在1．20的情况下,从环路声容和谐振管处同时引出声功,获得了389．95W的最大声功,11．3％的最大声功输出效率以及16．0％的最大声功输出炯效率,这比单独从环路引出的最大声功和效率分别提高了51．4％,24．6％以及19．4％。     

Diagnostic of capacitively coupled radio frequency plasma from electrical discharge characteristics: comparison with optical emission spectroscopy and fluid model simulation

The capacitively coupled radio frequency(CCRF)plasma has been widely used in various fields.In some cases,it requires us to estimate the range of key plasma parameters simpler and quicker in order to understand the behavior in plasma.In this paper,a glass vacuum chamber and a pair of plate electrodes were designed and fabricated,using 13.56 MHz radio frequency(RF)discharge technology to ionize the working gas of Ar.This discharge was mathematically described with equivalent circuit model.The discharge voltage and current of the plasma were measured atdifferent pressures and different powers.Based on the capacitively coupled homogeneous discharge model,the equivalent circuit and the analytical formula were established.The plasma density and temperature were calculated by using the equivalent impedance principle and energy balance equation.The experimental results show that when RF discharge power is 50–300 W and pressure is 25–250 Pa,the average electron temperature is about 1.7–2.1 e V and the average electron density is about 0.5?×?10~(17)–3.6?×?10~(17)m~(-3).Agreement was found when the results were compared to those given by optical emission spectroscopy and COMSOL simulation.     

基于LabVIEW共享变量的管道泄漏远程监测系统

基于LabVIEW开发平台,结合声发射监测技术和MySQL数据库技术,开发了一套管道泄漏远程监测系统。系统利用LabVIEW的共享变量,实现了网络数据交换和远程控制功能,不但简化了网络编程,而且提高了开发速度。该系统的应用为避免管道泄漏造成的重大恶性事故提供了技术保障。     

以环保约束性指标优化钢铁工业布局

针对中国钢铁工业布局中存在的＂北重南轻＂、＂东多西少＂和城市型钢铁布局较多等问题,指出现有的钢铁工业布局调整尚不能满足中国区域大气污染防治的要求。系统梳理中国近年来颁布的环境空气质量标准、钢铁工业污染物排放标准和环境保护规划方面针对钢铁工业提出的新要求,指出这些新标准、新要求为钢铁工业优化工业布局形成了重要环境保护约束性指标。同时结合这些约束性指标提出了执行特别排放限值、实行污染物减量置换、提高排污费标准、开展排污权交易和鼓励先进技术应用等推进钢铁工业布局优化的政策措施。     

非故意发射超高次谐波发生机理及影响因素分析

随着接入电网的半导体器件开关频率的提高,换流器注入电网的谐波向着高频化方向延伸.超高次谐波是配电网电力电子化必然带来的电能质量新问题之一.本文针对非故意发射超高次谐波,从PWM脉宽调制的原理出发,分析了非故意发射超高次谐波产生原因及频率分布特征,并给出了一种能够反映超高次谐波典型特征的优选聚合频带方法,进一步分析了不同...