碱性电镀光亮锌镍合金研究

研究了镀液的组成与镀层中镍含量、镀层的相结构以及阴极电流效率的关系。提出了碱性电镀光亮锌镍合金的最佳镀液组成和工艺规范,并对茴香醛、四乙烯五胺和ZN—A5添加剂的吸附行为及其对锌镍电沉积过程的阻化作用进行了探讨。     

渣金两相氧化锰还原的不可逆过程热力学研究

将仅能描述近平衡体系发生物理化学变化时物理量间的线性关系式——线性不可逆过程热力学扩展到远离平衡体系,建立了有界面存在的远离平衡的化学反应体系的不可逆过程热力学方程,并将其应用于渣-金间的氧化锰还原反应,得到的氧化锰还原的不可逆过程热力学的动力学方程与实验数据能很好地吻合,这表明不可逆过程热力学可以应用于远离平衡的体系。     

Humidity Sensor Characteristics of Woodceramics

The humidity sensor characteristics of Woodceramics were investigated. The Woodceramics used in this experiment were prepared at 650–900°C. The size of specimens selected was 1 × 1 × 10 mm . One was used as-cut and the other was polished. Above 700°C, the resistance of the specimen was below 50 and the decrease of resistance with increasing relative humidity was small. The specimen prepared at 650°C had a resistance of about 1 k. The resistance of as-cut specimens decreased with increase in relative humidity, but that of the polished specimen did not change significantly. The difference between as-cut and polished samples was explained by the differences in surface micro-structure.     

活性炭对海水中硼的吸附研究

未处理的生活污水和海水中均含有一定量的硼，给人们的生产和生活带来严重影响，因此，微量硼的分离与去除意义重大。利用活性炭吸附法吸附溶液中的微量硼，对其影响因素如接触时间、吸附质质量浓度、pH、吸附剂量及温度等进行了研究，并对比了动静态吸附及酸碱再生效果，确定了适宜的实验条件。应用该法吸附某海水中的微量硼，其一次除硼率可达90％以上，硼质量浓度达到WHO规定饮用水的要求。     

壳聚糖及其衍生物对钙离子的吸附性能

利用壳聚糖及相应衍生物在不同pH值和反应时间等条件下对Ca^2 吸附性能进行表征，得到经不同化学改性的壳聚糖衍生物对Ca^2 吸附能力变化的有关信息。     

The dynamic adsorption of benzene vapor on the ACF activated by phosphoric acid

The dynamic adsorption behaviors of benzene vapor on phosphoric acid‐activated carbon fiber (ACF‐P) were investigated by gas chromatography. The experimental results showed that ACF‐P that was activated at >350^°C, like steam‐activated carbon fiber (ACF‐W), has good dynamic adsorption properties for benzene vapor. However, the saturation adsorption capacities of ACF‐P and ACF‐W are different. The dynamic adsorption conditions apparently do not affect the effluent concentration before the breakthrough point, but do change the operation loading and usage efficiency. The adsorbed ACF‐P can be regenerated, and good dynamic adsorbability can be recovered by heating treatment. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 1841–1847, 2002     

Lead recovery from aqueous environment by using porous carbon of citrus fruits waste: equilibrium,kinetics and thermodynamic studies

ABSTRACT

The mixture of citrus fruits (orange, grapefruit, mandarin, and lemon) wastes was utilized to obtain high surface area activated carbon (AC) by H₃PO₄ activation. The production conditions were optimized and the optimum conditions were determined. The optimal-activated carbon (CFWAC) was characterized by various physicochemical techniques. CFWAC was also used as a sorbent for Pb (II) ions from water. Batch experiments were performed to explore the adsorption capacity and mechanism. The Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic model showed good fitness to the experimental data. The maximum Pb (II) adsorption capacity of CFWAC was found to be 163.93 mg/g.     

表面有机化钛酸材料的制备及吸附染料性能

将K2CO3和TiO2通过高温固相反应制得K2Ti4O9,经酸化处理后得到H2Ti4O9,用正十二胺乙醇溶液与之反应,获得正十二胺柱撑的层状化合物,采用X射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(IR)等方法对所得材料进行结构表征,并初步研究了有机胺支撑前后钛酸材料的吸附性能,实验结果表明:在钛酸钾材料的层间引入正十二胺有机基团后,层间距加大,吸附能力大大提高。     

Selective solvation of polystyrene in tetralin/cyclohexane mixtures

Refractive index increments and density increments have been measured at 307.6K for polystyrene in binary solvents of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (tetralin, TET) and cyclohexane over the whole range of solvent composition. Comparison of these increments with the corresponding values obtained at dialysis equilibrium (i.e. at constant chemical potential of low molecular weight species) yielded the coefficients of selective adsorption (γ₁) of TET by the polymer. Positive values of γ₁ were exhibited at solvent compositions up to 78% (v/v) of the thermodynamically better solvent, TET. Theoretical curves of γ₁ vs. composition were calculated on the basis of, firstly, relevant interaction parameters and, secondly, interaction parameters in conjunction with solubility parameters. Both procedures afforded self-consistent results, which were, however, uniformly lower than the experimental values of γ₁.     

活性炭吸附法处理麦麸膳食纤维废水的研究

采用活性炭吸附的方法来处理麦麸膳食纤维废水。实验结果表明,当活性炭的投入量为160 g/L,接触时间为20 m in,温度为55℃,pH值在小于5的条件下能有效处理该废水,CODC r的去除率最高达96.89%,BOD5的去除率最高达96.61%。