Age differences in psychosocial predictors of positive and negative affect: A longitudinal investigation of young, midlife, and older adults: Correction to Windsor and Anstey (2010).

Reports an error in Age differences in psychosocial predictors of positive and negative affect: A longitudinal investigation of young, midlife, and older adults by Tim D. Windsor and Kaarin J. Anstey (Psychology and Aging, 2010[Sep], Vol 25[3], 641-652). Contains an error in Figure 3, on page 649. The correction discusses where to find the correct data. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2010-18944-009.) Research has consistently shown that despite aging-related losses, older adults have high levels of emotional well-being relative to those in young and midlife adults. We aimed to contribute to knowledge around the factors that predict emotional well-being over the life course by examining age group differences in associations of positive and negative social exchanges and mastery beliefs with positive and negative affect in a sample of 7,472 young, midlife, and older adults assessed on 2 measurement occasions, 4 years apart. Results from structural equation models indicated lower levels of negative affect with advancing age. Mastery was consistently related to higher well-being, with the strongest associations evident for young adults. Older adults reported the most frequent positive and least frequent negative social exchanges; however, associations of social relations with affect tended to be stronger among young and midlife adults relative to older adults. Results are discussed in the context of life course perspectives on goal orientations and self-regulatory processes. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Collaborative remembering in older adults: Age-invariant outcomes in the context of episodic recall deficits.

Rapidly growing research reveals complex yet systematic consequences of collaboration on memory in young adults, but much less is known about this phenomenon in older adults. Young and older adults studied a list of categorized words and took three successive recall tests. Test 1 and 3 were always taken individually, and Test 2 was done either in triads or alone. Despite older adults recalling less overall than young adults, both age groups exhibited similar costs and benefits of collaboration: Collaboration reduced both correct and false recall during collaborative remembering, was associated with more positive beliefs about its value, and produced reminiscence, collective memory, and some forgetting in its cascading effects on postcollaborative recall. We examine the role of retrieval organization in these effects. As environmental support may play a substantial role in healthy aging, the relatively preserved effects of collaboration on memory in older adults hold promise for testing judicious uses of group remembering in aging. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

PP/PA6/APP/OMMT复合材料的湿热老化性能研究

采用熔融挤出插层制备聚丙烯(PP)/尼龙6(PA6)/聚磷酸铵(APP)/有机蒙脱土(OMMT)阻燃复合材料,研究温度80℃、湿度93.1%的湿热老化条件对复合材料性能的影响.结果表明,随着湿热老化时间的延长,复合材料的表面形貌变得很差,产生大量的粗糙白斑.当OMMT含量较低时,复合材料的拉伸强度随湿热老化时间的延长先上升后下降.而当OMMT含量较高时,复合材料的拉伸强度随着湿热老化时间的延长而下降.弯曲强度的变化规律与拉伸强度相似.缺口冲击强度则随着老化时间的延长而提高.引起复合材料破坏的主要原因并非是湿热老化反应导致的分子链断裂,而是复合材料内积聚的水泡和水分子渗入到各相界面引起界面粘结强度下降导致的结果.     

交联聚乙烯热老化与绝缘性能的关联关系

为研究交联聚乙烯（cross-linked polyethylene,XLPE）绝缘材料的热分解活化能、电气特性和力学特性随热老化程度变化的规律,对交流电力电缆绝缘用XLPE材料在110 ℃下开展加速热老化实验。采用热失重（thermogravimtric analyzer, TGA）测试手段,对XLPE在20~600 ℃的热分解行为进行研究;采用交流击穿测试、宽频介电谱测试及体积电阻率测试,研究老化后XLPE试样的电气特性;采用拉伸实验测试,研究老化后XLPE试样的力学特性。结果表明：热老化使得XLPE的交联结构和结晶状态被破坏,XLPE活化能呈减小趋势。由于氧化反应快速进行,使得XLPE分子链发生断裂,交联结构变弱,导致XLPE绝缘材料严重劣化,其活化能、击穿强度、体积电阻率、弹性模量和断裂伸长率随老化时间增长呈下降趋势,而介电常数、介电损耗和电导率呈增加趋势。     

电子式电能表单板老化的实现

电子式电能表要求有较高的质量稳定性和可靠性,而质量稳定性和可靠性却受制造工艺和电子器件的质量寿命影响。为了达到提前暴露电子器件的质量缺陷和延长其寿命并且不影响大批量生产周期的目的,同时降低成本投入,保证高效率,在此提出采用高温单板老化工艺来提高电能表的稳定性和可靠性。实验结果表明,该方式能够使产品现场运行稳定可靠。     

电解电容器脉冲老练法及电源的研制

在氧化膜修补机制的基础上,分析了老练工序费时的根本原因,并据此研究了脉冲老练法,开发出脉冲老练电源。对比实验表明,可将高压老练时间从11.0h缩短到2.5h,能保证电容器具有同等的电性能与寿命,且对高温贮存寿命试验的漏电流回升有明显改善,可节约高压电容器的制造成本5%～10%。     

基于DS P的PTCR多功能参数测试仪

利用数字信号处理器控制外围接口电路，对多路热敏电阻测试电路执行依次通/断电操作，循环执行，以测试其老化性能，循环次数由用户设定。在每次测试第一次通电过程中，控制动作时间比较电路启动，同时数字信号处理芯片自动记录每一路的热敏电阻的动作时间数据，并进行处理。该系统可以同时测试30只热敏元件。     

1.06μm大功率连续半导体激光器

利用金属有机化学气相淀积(MOCVD)技术,生长了InGaAs/AlGaAs分别限制压应变双量子阱和单量子阱两种材料结构,通过对不同腔长单管激光器的LIV测试获得内部参数,对单、双阱两种材料结构器件参数进行对比分析,确定了单量子阱结构作为1.06μm大功率半导体激光器的材料结构。通过研究单管激光器的电光转换效率与腔长、注入电流的关系,获得了最高达到57.5%的电光转换效率。对1mm腔长单管激光器进行了大电流高温加速老化测试,结果显示研制出的单管激光器室温下在1.5A工作电流下寿命远大于104h。     

不同SOC区间及倍率下锂电池老化分析

选择合适的荷电状态(State of Charge,SOC)区间及放电倍率可有效减缓锂电池的老化.将可大倍率放电的钴酸锂电池作为研究对象,将其SOC划分为四个区间,结合三个不同的放电倍率进行双因素老化实验.结果表明,相同放电深度(Depth of Discharge,DOD)情况下,SOC区间越高电池老化越快;释放的容...     

矿用XLPE电缆老化状态对温升的影响

通过分析电缆绝缘参量的温度效应和老化特征,明确运行中矿用高压电缆的介质损耗不可忽略,并据此建立了老化对在役矿用XLPE电缆温升影响的评估方法.根据单芯电缆温升计算式,给出了兼顾老化因素的三芯电缆温升解析式,进行稳态温升预测.基于导体损耗的温度正相关性,利用ANSYS有限元仿真软件,建立热电耦合迭代模型来确认理论模型,并对电缆温升进行仿真计算.算例对比分析了老化电缆水树附近和老化电缆整体的温升,为实际运行中电缆的状态监测提供参考依据.