Piezoelectric properties and microstructure of ceramicrete-based piezoelectric composites

Inorganic piezoelectric ceramic composite is the potential sensing element for long-term structural health monitoring due to its excellent durability and compatibility. In this study, a Ceramicrete-based piezoelectric composite is proposed preliminarily, in which the magnesium potassium phosphate cement is used as the matrix and the lead zirconate titanate particle is utilized as the functional phase. Piezoelectric properties test and microstructure analysis are performed to evaluate the testing samples. Results show that the piezoelectric performance of the composite increase with the increase of piezoelectric ceramic particle size. The value of the piezoelectric strain factor (d₃₃) can reach 83.8 pC/N, while the corresponding piezoelectric voltage factor (g₃₃) is 50.1 × 10^-3 V•m/N at the 50th day after polarization. Microstructure analysis illustrates that the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) between the matrix and the particles is dense. Moreover, the influence of aging on the composite is attributed to the continuous hydration after polarization. It indicates that the composites have a higher piezoelectric performance, which can be regarded as a promising sensing element material.     

基于FLAC3D的破碎围岩巷道支护效果分析

为了解破碎围岩分别采用锚杆支护、锚喷支护以及锚喷+锚索耦合三种支护方式下的支护效果,进而为破碎围岩巷道选择合理的支护方式提供参考。通过借助FLAC^3D软件建立数值模型,分析不同支护条件下的破碎围岩巷道位移量、应力分布以及塑性区的时空演化特征。结果表明,采用锚喷+锚索耦合支护时,可以较好的控制巷道围岩的位移量、减小应力集中效应、缩小塑性区的影响范围。     

澳门融入粤港澳大湾区世界机场群路向研究

粤港澳大湾区世界城市群与世界机场群相伴而生、联动发展.建设世界级机场群，需要5大机场错位发展和良性互动.澳门国际机场是澳门融入粤港澳大湾区重要一极，但机场发展存在与澳门定位、香港珠海空域空运矛盾、澳门土地和环境现状等相关的问题.因此，澳门国际机场今后发展需在葡语国家航线、珠澳密切合作、公务机产业方面努力实现跨越式发展.然而，澳门国际机场改扩建问题争议不断，本文就原址扩建、填海区新建、飞地黄茅岛新建3种模式进行比较分析，探索符合澳门长远利益之方案.     

Preparation and characterization of mullite whisker reinforced ceramics made from coal fly ash

Ceramics with mullite whiskers were prepared from coal fly ash and Al₂O₃ raw materials, with AlF₃ used as an additive. The phase structures and microstructures of the ceramics were identified via X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The results show that pickling of coal fly ash is an effective method for enhancing the flexural strength of ceramics. Sintering temperature and AlF₃ addition were also key factors influencing the creation of ideal ceramics. The ceramic made from pickled coal fly ash, 6?wt% AlF₃, and sintered at 1200?°C, exhibited the highest flexural strength of 59.1?MPa, and had a bulk density of 1.32?g/cm³ and porosity of 26.8%. The results show that ceramic materials made under these conditions are ideal candidates for manufacturing ceramic proppants for the exploitation of unconventional oil and gas resources.     

The analysis and comparison of two novel kinds of focusing elements as reflectors

In this article, two novel kinds of focusing elements as reflectors are analyzed and compared. One is the grooved Fresnel zone plate reflector with continuous phase‐correcting. The other called subzone paraboloid reflector, has the profile that consists of a series of paraboloids. Their diffraction efficiencies and bandwidths are described. The two elements still preserve the advantages of Fresnel zone plates, namely, low profile, high efficiency, and simple fabrication. Two dual‐reflector antennas using the proposed focusing elements as the main reflectors are simulated and the results show that these antennas have good radiation performances. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 25:101–108, 2015.     

碳酸盐岩岩溶储层多井评价方法及地质应用

多井评价是建立在单井精细解释对比分析基础上的预测储层及含油气性平面分布规律的技术方法,而常规测井资料无法区分碳酸盐岩岩溶储层,因而利用多井评价结果确定岩溶发育程度在平面上的分布规律就显得十分重要。为此,在岩心标定成像测井的基础上,对四川盆地高石梯—磨溪地区15口井的成像测井岩溶发育特征进行分析,建立了中二叠统茅口组岩溶发育各分带的标准成像图版,利用交会图及直方图分析各分带的常规测井响应特征,在此基础上形成了电成像测井刻度常规测井识别岩溶发育带的新方法。研究结果表明:①高石梯—磨溪地区茅口组岩溶带自上而下可划分为风化壳残积带、垂直渗流岩溶带、水平潜流岩溶带以及受岩溶作用较弱的基岩;②风化壳残积带在成像测井图像显示为"暗—亮—暗"条带状模式,垂直渗流岩溶带为垂直线状与暗色斑状组合模式,水平潜流岩溶带为水平线状—层状与斑状组合模式,基岩整体显示为亮色块状模式偶见线状或斑状特征;③有效储层主要发育在垂直渗流带和水平潜流带的顶部;④该区茅口组岩溶发育主要受裂缝发育控制,而裂缝发育又与断层关系密切。结论认为,该新方法对碳酸盐岩岩溶储层的多井评价具有普遍适用性,为四川盆地中二叠统风险探井的部署提供了技术支撑。     

Doping-free hybrid white organic light-emitting diodes with fluorescent blue,phosphorescent green and red emission layers

Industrialized white organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) currently require host-guest doping, a complicated process necessitating precise control of the guest concentration to get high efficiency and stability. Two doping-free, hybrid white OLEDs with fluorescent blue, and phosphorescent green and red emissive layers (EMLs) are reported in this work. An ultra-thin red phosphorescent EML was situated in a blue-emitting electron transport layer (ETL), while the ultra-thin green phosphorescent EML was placed either in the ETL (Device 1), or the hole transport layer (HTL) (Device 2). Device 2 exhibits higher efficiency and more stable spectrum due to the enhanced utilization of excitons by ultra-thin green EML at the exciton generation zone within the HTL. Values of current efficiency (CE), power efficiency (PE), and CRI obtained for the optimized hybrid white OLEDs fabricated through a doping-free process were of 23.2 cd/A, 20.5 lm/W and 82 at 1000 cd/m², respectively.     

Regulation of sensory nerve conduction velocity of human bodies responding to annual temperature variations in natural environments

The extensive research interests in environmental temperature can be linked to human productivity / performance as well as comfort and health; while the mechanisms of physiological indices responding to temperature variations remain incompletely understood. This study adopted a physiological sensory nerve conduction velocity (SCV) as a temperature‐sensitive biomarker to explore the thermoregulatory mechanisms of human responding to annual temperatures. The measurements of subjects’ SCV (over 600 samples) were conducted in a naturally ventilated environment over all four seasons. The results showed a positive correlation between SCV and annual temperatures and a Boltzmann model was adopted to depict the S‐shaped trend of SCV with operative temperatures from 5°C to 40°C. The SCV increased linearly with operative temperatures from 14.28°C to 20.5°C and responded sensitively for 10.19°C‐24.59°C, while tended to be stable beyond that. The subjects’ thermal sensations were linearly related to SCV, elaborating the relation between human physiological regulations and subjective thermal perception variations. The findings reveal the body SCV regulatory characteristics in different operative temperature intervals, thereby giving a deeper insight into human autonomic thermoregulation and benefiting for built environment designs, meantime minimizing the temperature‐invoked risks to human health and well‐being.     

Reducing treatment zone diameter in orthokeratology and its effect on peripheral ocular refraction

PurposeTo determine whether orthokeratology (OK) induced treatment zone (TZ) diameter can be reduced by altering OK lens design, and if so the impact of modifying TZ diameter on relative peripheral refraction (RPR).Methods16 subjects (mean age 23.4 ± 1.5 years; 8 female) completed the study. Standard (Control) OK lens design (PJ, Capricornia, Australia) or a modified version (Test) where the back optic zone diameter was reduced, and back optic zone asphericity and intermediate lens curves were altered, were worn overnight only for 7-nights in a randomised double masked order, with a minimum 1-week wash out (no lens wear) between lens designs. Full correction of refractive error was targeted. Refraction; best corrected visual acuity (BCVA); RPR (Shin-Nippon NVision-k 5001) along the horizontal and vertical meridians; and corneal topography (Medmont E300) were measured before starting lens wear and in the morning after lens removal after the seventh night of lens wear for both lens designs. TZ diameter and decentration was calculated from corneal topography.ResultsAfter 7-nights of wear both lens designs created -2.00D refraction effect with no significant difference in refractive effect or change to BCVA between the designs. The Test design created a significantly smaller horizontal (4.78 ± 0.37 vs 5.70 ± 0.37 mm, p < 0.001) and vertical (5.09 ± 0.51 vs 5.92 ± 0.51 mm p < 0.001) TZ diameter. The TZ was decentered inferior temporal with no significant difference between designs. There was no significant difference between the lens designs in RPR along the horizontal and vertical meridians at any measurement period.ConclusionsOK induced TZ diameter can be reliably reduced by altering OK lens design without detrimentally effecting lens centration or refractive effect. Reducing TZ diameter did not alter RPR, though measurement artifacts could be responsible for masking an effect. Longitudinal studies are needed to assess whether smaller TZ OK lens designs increase efficacy for slowing progression of myopia.     

重力坝模型的尺寸效应

利用两个不同比尺预制缝重力坝模型的试验成果，以有限元富集技术进行非线性断裂分析，建立了极限承载力和长度比尺的确定性尺寸效应公式。混凝土重力坝的断裂尺寸效应满足指数衰减关系，用三次指数衰减公式可以准确地预测原型的极限承载力。断裂过程区的相对长度是引起模型试验尺寸效应的主要原因。数值计算结果表明，断裂过程区相对长度不仅是与材料有关的参数，能否充分发展还取决于结构尺寸和几何形状；断裂过程区相对长度的尺寸效应不同于统计尺寸效应和断裂参数尺寸效应，具有尺寸范围效应。断裂过程区相对长度在小试件、大试件和相对无穷大试件的发展程度不同。