Epibiotic microorganisms on copepods and other marine crustaceans

Although the occurrence of microbial (algal, protozoan, bacterial, and fungal) epibionts on marine crustaceans and other invertebrates has been documented repeatedly, the ecological context and significance of these relationships generally are not well understood. Recently, several studies have examined the population and community ecology of algal and protozoan epibionts on freshwater crustaceans. Even so, the study of microbial epibionts in aquatic environments is still in its infancy. In this review, we summarize associations of microalgae, protozoans, and bacteria with marine crustaceans, especially copepods. We note differences and commonalities across epibiont taxa, consider host-epibiont cycling of nutrients, generate hypotheses relevant to the ecology of the host and the epibiont, and suggest future research opportunities. Microsc. Res. Tech. 37:116–135, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

去藻247处理滇池藻类水的应用研究

滇池现属重富营养化水体。本文采用国外一种新型除藻剂去藻247用于处理滇池水样。投加四个不同浓度的除藻剂,通过监测叶绿素a、总磷的变化,得出去藻247在处理滇池水样时对叶绿素和总磷有较好的去除效果,其中当投加量为4mg／L时效果最佳,对叶绿素和总磷的去除率分别达到：56．7％和38．9％。     

复配聚硅硫酸盐混凝剂对藻类污水絮凝效果的研究

以硅酸钠、硫酸铝和硫酸铁为原料,采用复合共聚法制备出聚硅硫酸铝(PASS)和聚硅硫酸铁(PFSS),分别以聚硅硫酸铝、聚硅硫酸铁和两者与天然粘土的复配为混凝剂,观察净化处理后的藻类污水颜色的变化以及对溶液浊度、耗氧量(COD)的测定,考察4种混凝剂对藻类污水絮凝效果的优异.结果表明:复配后的混凝剂对藻类污水的絮凝效果明显要好于单组分的混凝剂,其中以聚硅硫酸铝与粘土复配所产生的絮凝效果最佳.     

硫酸铜灭藻影响因素的试验研究

目的通过对硫酸铜灭藻影响因素的试验研究,确定出硫酸铜灭藻的最佳工况条件.方法以叶绿素a法作为检测方法,通过烧杯试验,确定处理含藻水的最佳硫酸铜投加量、接触反应时间、pH等参数.结果硫酸铜最佳投加量为1.5 mg/L;硫酸铜适宜的接触反应时间为8～12 h;pH值6.6左右时,硫酸铜藻类去除率较高,pH值＞9时,藻类去除率显著降低.结论 pH值对硫酸铜灭藻效果的影响较大;温度对硫酸铜灭藻有一定的影响;水中还原物质浓度对硫酸铜灭藻影响较小;藻类浓度不同对硫酸铜灭藻效果有一定的影响.     

臭氧法水处理在空调冷却水系统中的应用

探讨了臭氧法杀菌灭藻，缓蚀，阻垢的机理，认为臭氧法可用于空调冷却水处理，并给出在工程设计中的应用方法。     

pH值对高铁酸盐复合药剂强化除藻的影响

探讨了ＰＨ值对高铁酸盐复合药剂强化混凝除藻效果的影响规律,分别考察了原水ＰＨ为５．０、７．０和１０．０条件下高铁酸盐复合药剂预氧化对除藻效率的影响规律。试验结果表明,对于微酸性原水（ＰＨ＝５．０）,高铁酸盐复合药剂强化混张除灌效果最好;随着提高,高铁酸盐复合药剂强化混凝除藻效果逐渐降低,但即使在高校ＰＨ值条件下（ＰＨ＝１０．０）仍然可取得明显的强化除藻效果。     

Engine emission characteristics of algal biofuel with micro emulsion

An experimental investigation was conducted in a diesel engine to establish the effects of tetrahydrofuran (THF) with the Caulerpa racemosa algae methyl esters (CRAME) emulsion fuel. THF is added to the CRAME at different proportions such as 1% and 2%. The CRAME was produced from the Caulerpa racemosa algae oil by transesterification process. The aim of the present study was to analyze the experimental exploration of the antioxidants THF on engine emission of a diesel engine fueled with methyl ester of CRA oil. The test is conducted with different antioxidant concentrations of CRAME mixtures. The results exhibited that THF is effectual in controlling emissions.     

Synergistic Effect of Abrasive and Sonication for Release of Carbohydrate and Protein from Algae

While algae have demonstrated significant potential as a raw material due to the high intracellular concentration of carbohydrates and proteins, a primary limitation as a biofuel feedstock is due to the fact that an economically feasible method of extraction has yet to be offered. Algae samples, acquired from a local waste treatment facility, were combined with abrasive materials and subjected to ultrasonication for specific time intervals. It was found that the synergistic effect of sonication in the presence of abrasive material, such as silicon beads or sand, could extract adequate protein and carbohydrate to be utilized in fermentation processes.     

微污染水源水中颤藻的产生及其对策

介绍了2003年夏季沧州市饮用水源水中出现巨型颤藻的情况及该颤藻的形态特征,并分析了源水中颤藻大量出现的原因以及造成的危害。同时对该高含藻水进行混凝试验,提出了去除源水中颤藻和嗅味的工程措施。