河道型水库富营养化及水华调控方法和关键技术

本文提出了河道型水库富营养化及水华调控的系统研究方法,重点探讨了水利水电工程影响下的河道型水库富营养化及水华监测、模拟及调控方法及关键技术,包括流域水环境监测评估与水华预警系列技术,大型水库多维、多场耦合富营养化模拟系统,以及改善河道型水库支流库湾水温层化进而抑制水华暴发的调控方法等,以期为抑制河道型水库支流库湾水华暴发、改善水库水质提供参考和依据。     

藻类快速检测新技术在三峡水华监测中的应用

近年来,三峡水库藻类水华频发,而传统的藻类检测方法由于分类鉴定工作量大,难以适应野外大批量样品快速准确分析的要求,因此,开展水华的快速监测和鉴定工作迫在眉睫。在藻类形态特征识别与快速定量检测方面,流式细胞摄像系统(FlowCAM)是目前先进可靠的方法。采用流式细胞摄像系统技术对三峡水库水华藻类样品建立了藻类特征的自动鉴定标准,进行藻类快速检测分析,并与显微镜人工检测方法进行对比研究。结果表明：三峡库区各支流采样点鉴定出的优势藻类为4~10种;小江黄石、小江河口、大宁河和梅溪河采样点优势种依次为飞燕角甲藻、微囊藻、拟多甲藻和颗粒直链藻,检测结果和显微镜方法检测结果一致;FlowCAM可在15 min内快速完成藻类鉴定分析,测量精度高,有传统检测方法不可比拟的优势。总之,FlowCAM为水华藻类的快速检测提供了一个行之有效的方法。     

基于值域二次哈希方法的布鲁姆过滤器

本文针对扩展式布鲁姆过滤器(EBF)内存消耗过大,提出一种基于值域哈希二次过滤的布鲁姆过滤器数据结构(VHBF)和相关算法,VHBF通过在布鲁姆过滤器中对集合中的每个特征进行k次哈希,并将此k次哈希值转化为相应特征的镜像特征。然后对此镜像进行二次过滤运算,运算后的结果保存在另一布鲁姆过滤器中。在对特征进行检索时,由于无需保存特征本身,因而空间效率比EBF更高。实验表明,VHBF的假阳性误判率的比扩展型布鲁姆过滤器(EBF)低,而VHBF内存消耗也低于EBF。     

Improved Approximate Detection of Duplicates for Data Streams Over Sliding Windows

Detecting duplicates in data streams is an important problem that has a wide range of applications. In general,precisely detecting duplicates in an unbounded data stream is not feasible in most streaming scenarios,and,on the other hand,the elements in data streams are always time sensitive. These make it particular significant approximately detecting duplicates among newly arrived elements of a data stream within a fixed time frame. In this paper,we present a novel data structure,Decaying Bloom Filter(DBF),as an extension of the Counting Bloom Filter,that effectively removes stale elements as new elements continuously arrive over sliding windows. On the DBF basis we present an efficient algorithm to approximately detect duplicates over sliding windows. Our algorithm may produce false positive errors,but not false negative errors as in many previous results. We analyze the time complexity and detection accuracy,and give a tight upper bound of false positive rate. For a given space G bits and sliding window size W,our algorithm has an amortized time complexity of O((G/W))~(1/2). Both analytical and experimental results on synthetic data demonstrate that our algorithm is superior in both execution time and detection accuracy to the previous results.     

莱钢合金钢大方坯铸机自动化控制系统

主要介绍了莱钢合金钢大方坯连铸机自动化控制系统的组成结构和控制功能,重点讨论了过程控制优化级与基础自动化级的关系及其功能模块的实现。     

Microalgae-Based Biohybrid Microrobot for Accelerated Diabetic Wound Healing

A variety of wound healing platforms have been proposed to alleviate the hypoxic condition and/or to modulate the immune responses for the treatment of chronic wounds in diabetes. However, these platforms with the passive diffusion of therapeutic agents through the blood clot result in the relatively low delivery efficiency into the deep wound site. Here, a microalgae-based biohybrid microrobot for accelerated diabetic wound healing is developed. The biohybrid microrobot autonomously moves at velocity of 33.3 µm s⁻¹ and generates oxygen for the alleviation of hypoxic condition. In addition, the microrobot efficiently bound with inflammatory chemokines of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) for modulating the immune responses. The enhanced penetration of microrobot is corroborated by measuring fibrin clots in biomimetic wound using microfluidic devices and the enhanced retention of microrobot is confirmed in the real wounded mouse skin tissue. After deposition on the chronic wound in diabetic mice without wound dressing, the wounds treated with microrobots are completely healed after 9 days with the significant decrease of inflammatory cytokines below 31% of the control level and the upregulated angiogenesis above 20 times of CD31⁺ cells. These results confirm the feasibility of microrobots as a next-generation platform for diabetic wound healing.     

不同大气校正方法对中小湖泊蓝藻遥感动态监测的影响

环境小卫星可实现中小湖泊蓝藻动态监测,但不同大气校正方法对于相同影像的处理结果有很大差异。研究利用多种大气校正方法对环境小卫星影像进行辐射校正处理,利用多个感兴趣区的全局和局部特征以及多个统计量对处理结果进行分析,比较其在蓝藻动态监测中的作用。基于多光谱植被指数计算蓝藻生物量的思路,分析了影像经不同大气校正算法处理后,其归一化植被指数的差异性来源及其对蓝藻生物量计算结果的影响。结果表明:蓝藻动态监测的定量描述会因大气校正算法不同而不一致,进而对几种大气校正算法在蓝藻生物量监测和定量分析中所产生的不确定性进行了比较分析,并对各算法的有效利用提出了建议。     

西安黑河金盆水库季节性热分层的水质响应特征

以西安市金盆水库为对象,通过对水温、水化学及水生生物因子的连续监测,初步探明其动态水体分层过程与季节性水质迁移分布的内在相关性.研究表明:水库于每年3—12月间形成并保持热分层状态,水温梯度的稳定存在有效限制了垂向水层间氧的传质交换,加速库底向厌氧状态过渡,滞水层溶解氧(DO)平均浓度随时间呈明显线性衰减趋势,水层呼吸速率高达0.0356~0.0372mg/(L·d)(O2);缺氧/厌氧环境下,沉积物中N、P、Fe等大量释放并向上覆水扩散,底层水质污染加剧.同温混合期后(1—2月),分层结构破坏,全库处于好氧(DO大于8mg/L)、微碱性(pH为7.1~7.3)状态,垂向水质分层异质特征消失.监测期间,水库湖泊区稳态叶绿素a含量(基于Lois Elle稳态假设前提)随混合深度增大而降低,两者存在显著指数负相关.热分层效应的稳定存在是加速金盆水库富营养化进程的重要因素;而其周期性结构失稳所带来的水质突发性污染风险将伴随水库运行时间的延长而上升.     

一种新型精确深度包检测引擎研究与设计

传统的深度包检测算法通常存在频率带宽瓶颈、不能精确匹配、不切实际的存储要求等其中之一或数个缺点.本文基于哈希与Bloom Filter提出一种新型精确匹配结构:Bloom Filter分类器,首先基于哈希对特征串分组,再用多组Bloom Filter对输入串分类,在每长度定位到唯一可能的匹配串并对比验证.对Snort、ClamAV集合进行了存储实验评估,以约1.22(字节/字符)的低存储代价实现对万条字符串集的精确匹配.该结构具有精确匹配、多字节匹配扩展简单、不存在带宽瓶颈等优点.     

相似点区段负责制的改进区域生长法及其应用

区域生长法被广泛应用于对特定目标的选取,但其生长速度缓慢的特点又限制了其在某些领域的应用.为此,提出一种基于相似点区段负责制的像素点进出堆栈管理方法,有效的提高了区域生长的效率.在此基础上,结合链码法边界跟踪对生长过程中区域内部出现的孔洞实现区域补偿,建立了针对链状藻细胞分析统计的有效应用系统.