Morphology development in polyethylene/polystyrene blends: the influence of processing conditions and interfacial modification

The influence of processing conditions and interfacial modification on the morphology evolution and the composition range within which fully co‐continuous high density polyethylene/polystyrene blend structures can exist during blending in a single screw extruder was studied. Blends ranging from pure A to pure B component, with and without compatibilizer, were prepared under two different shear rates. It was found that high shear rates displaced the breakdown–coalescence balance of the dispersed nodules to the side of coalescence, narrowing the percolation domain and the critical composition for full co‐continuity decreased with increasing shear rates. The addition of a tri‐block compatibilizer induced the percolation threshold of the polystyrene phase to begin at lower percentages of polyethylene but the phase inversion point did not change. The experimental results are discussed in the light of various theoretical models. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

一种控制盐层段井眼闭合率的钻井液密度新公式

针对钻井过程中钻遇的盐层段井眼蠕变缩径问题,利用弹塑性力学理论,蠕变本构方程采用Heard蠕变方程,在平面应变和均匀地应力假设下,推导出控制井眼收缩的钻井液密度新公式,该公式与前人推导的公式不同。通过理论分析,指出产生差异的根本原因在于蠕变应力差(极坐标下表示的径向应力与切向应力之差)公式的推导上,用有限元法计算结果对理论公式进行检验,证明是可行的。对文中的力学模型采用有限元法建模、求解,利用求解结果对各应力差公式进行验证,得出:根据文中公式计算结果与有限元法计算结果完全一致,而据前人公式计算结果偏离有限元计算值较大,从而间接证明了该钻井液密度新公式的推导更严密,更准确。     

高频MnZn功率铁氧体烧结工艺研究

按照氧化物陶瓷工艺对高频MnZn功率铁氧体烧结工艺条件进行了研究。烧结温度越高，晶粒越大，晶界越薄，电阻率越低，磁芯损耗越大，起始磁导率和烧结密度分别在1240℃和1230℃达到最大值。延长保温时间，可以使晶粒充分生长，晶界变薄，电阻率减小，损耗增大。保温3h后，起始磁导率和烧结密度均可达到最大值。氧分压越低，材料起始磁导率越高，电阻率越小，损耗越大，但氧分压低于5％后烧结密度不再继续增加。     

Preparation,structural elucidation,molecular weight determination,and molecular recognition of first‐ and second‐tier dendrimer molecules

1,3,5‐Triglyceratetriazine [first tier (G₁)] and tri(1,3,5‐triglycerate) triazine [second tier (G₂)] dendrimers were prepared with 1,3,5‐trichlorotriazine and sodium glycerate in a 1 : 3 mass ratio in an ethanolic medium.G₁ and G₂ were amorphous, white, solid substances. Their structures were elucidated with IR, ¹H‐NMR, and ¹³C‐NMR, and their thermal stability was studied with thermogravimetric analysis. The activation energy was calculated with the Freeman–Carroll model. Densities, viscosities, and surface tensions for 0.01–0.08 mol/kg aqueous solutions increased at 0.01 mol/kg for sodium glycerate, 1,3,5‐trichlorotriazine, 1,3,5‐triazine triglycerate chloride, G₁, and G₂. These values were measured at 298.15 K. The apparent molal volume, reduced viscosity, and inherent viscosity were calculated from the densities and viscosities, respectively. The data were regressed for the limiting densities, limiting apparent molal volumes, intrinsic viscosities, limiting inherent viscosities, and limiting surface tensions for solute–solvent interactions. The positive limiting apparent molal volume values were noted in the order of G₂ > 1,3,5‐triazine triglycerate chloride > G₁ > 1,3,5‐trichlorotriazine > sodium glycerate, with weaker hydrophilic intermolecular interactions of G₂. The higher intrinsic viscosity and limiting inherent viscosity values for G₂ implied stronger G₂–H₂O hydrophilic interactions, and the higher limiting apparent molal volume of G₂ indicated slightly higher dynamic conformational changes in comparison with G₁, with stronger structural activities. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Evaluation of improvement of physical and mechanical properties of bamboo fibers due to alkali treatment

Bamboo strips treated with caustic solutions of different concentrations, e.g., 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 50%, were subjected to mechanical testing giving stresses on tensile strength, percent elongation at break, flexural strength, flexural modulus, and toughness. The change in average density was ?15%, and the weight loss value shows a maximum of 21.94% at 50% alkali treatment. The mechanical properties of bamboo strips increase steadily with increasing concentration of caustic soda, showing a comparable increased value at 15 and 20%, and then exhibiting a gradual fall. The percent elongation at break corroborates these observations showing a continuous decreasing trend. The properties under investigation exhibit a clear transition in between 15 and 20% alkali concentration. The morphology of strips was studied by scanning electron microscope and polarizing light microscope. The crystal structure of both untreated and treated strips was compared by XRD analysis. In both cases, the breakdown of the crystal structures of the cellulose fibers and the recrystallization or reorientation of the degraded chains that are devoid of hemicellulose are quite apparent. However, at a very high concentration (to the extent of 25%) the breakdown of structure predominates much more over the reorientation or recrystallization. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

三探测器密度测井数据处理方法研究

数据处理方法研究是三探测器岩性密度测井研究的一个重要方面。在Monte Carlo模拟的基础上，提出了2种三探测器岩性密度测井求取地层光电吸收指数Pe和进行泥饼校正求取地层密度ρb的方法；就三探测器岩性密度测井仪DTLD—2的围岩补偿功能进行了研究。结果显示了用计算机模拟方法研究核测井问题可以节省建造实体物理模型的费用和人力，具有广泛的应用前景。     

真空碳热还原法制备高密度碳化钒

研究了采用真空碳热还原法由三氧化二钒制备碳化钒，并研究了碳化钒产物密度随实验条件的变化规律。找到了用于强化碳化钒产物密度的添加剂，研究结果表明，反应温度，添加剂是影响碳化钒产物密度的主要因素。反应时间对产物密度也有一定影响。研究结果同时表明，含铁化合物能有效地提高产物密度。     

Density measurements on levitated liquid metal droplets

Electromagnetic levitation is a useful tool for measuring thermophysical properties of high-temperature melts such as liquid metals. Due to its noncontact nature, the undercooled regime is also accessible. Density and thermal expansion of a levitated drop can be derived from volume measurements, if its mass is known. Assuming cylindrical symmetry, the volume of a drop can be determined from its cross section. Using photography, such measurements on liquid metals have been performed in the past. Here we present an improvement of this method, which replaces the photographic camera with a CCD videocamera and subsequent digital image processing. This reduces the time effect required to obtain the results and allows one to average over disturbing surface oscillations. The specific problems of digital image processing, namely resolution and edge detection, are addressed and results on nickel are presented.Paper presented at the Fourth International Workshop on Subsecond Thermophysics, June 27–29, 1991, Köln, Germany.     

飞行人员骨密度与内分泌调节关系的探讨

对37名骨密度(BD)低下的飞行员(实验组)和BD正常的48名飞行员、100名地面人员(正常对照组)进行了BD和血清TT_3、TT_4、TSH IRMA、CT、PTH、E_2和T放射免疫测定。结果显示,实验组BD均值明显低于对照组(p<0.01),血清TT_3、TT_4、CT、E_2(女性)和T(男性)均值与对照组比较,大多数年龄存在着显著或非常显著差异(p<0.05或p<0.01)。同时对飞行人员BD与几种内分泌激素关系进行了探讨。