建筑陶瓷企业的节电措施

陶瓷产业是电能消耗大户,节电潜力巨大。介绍广东三水地区建筑陶瓷生产的工艺流程及用电设备情况。分析用电特性,对球磨机、风机、照明设备进行节电改造后,某企业年节电381．2万kWh。     

基于潮流跟踪的最小负荷削减费用计算

电网可靠性的经济性价值日益受到人们的重视,如何对其进行定量计算具有重要的现实意义.该文建立了体现电网可靠性经济价值的负荷削减费用模型,模型中综合考虑了节点负荷用户类型的分类和缺电损失评价率随停电时间的变化情况.在潮流跟踪法的基础上,提出了衡量负荷削减对缓解系统过负荷支路程度的经济性指标,并利用该指标对模型进行求解.算例结果验证了该方法的有效性和实用性.     

Characteristics of Ions Emitted from Laser-Induced Silver Plasma

In this work, study of laser-induced ions is presented. The plasma was produced by focusing a Nd：YAG laser, with a wavelength of 1064 nm, a pulsed width of 9-14 ns, a power of 1.1 MW and energy of 10 mJ, on silver target in vacuum （10-3 Torr= 1.3332 Pa）. The characteristics of ion streams were investigated by CR-39 detectors located at angles of 0°, 30°, 60° and 90° with respect to normal of the target. The distance between the silver target and each detector was 11 cm. The energy of silver ions was found ranging from 1.5 eV to 1.06E4 eV. There was a high concentration of ions with low energy as compared to those with high energy, showing the energy distribution amongst the ions. The flux of ions was maximum in the axial direction which was decreasing with the angle increase with respect to normal of the target, and finally became minimum in the radial direction. Hence the silver ions have shown anisotropic behaviour.     

A Novel Mouse Model of TGFβ2-Induced Ocular Hypertension Using Lentiviral Gene Delivery

Glaucoma is a multifactorial disease leading to irreversible blindness. Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most common form and is associated with the elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP). Reduced aqueous humor (AH) outflow due to trabecular meshwork (TM) dysfunction is responsible for IOP elevation in POAG. Extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation, actin cytoskeletal reorganization, and stiffening of the TM are associated with increased outflow resistance. Transforming growth factor (TGF) β2, a profibrotic cytokine, is known to play an important role in the development of ocular hypertension (OHT) in POAG. An appropriate mouse model is critical in understanding the underlying molecular mechanism of TGFβ2-induced OHT. To achieve this, TM can be targeted with recombinant viral vectors to express a gene of interest. Lentiviruses (LV) are known for their tropism towards TM with stable transgene expression and low immunogenicity. We, therefore, developed a novel mouse model of IOP elevation using LV gene transfer of active human TGFβ2 in the TM. We developed an LV vector-encoding active hTGFβ2^C226,228S under the control of a cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter. Adult C57BL/6J mice were injected intravitreally with LV expressing null or hTGFβ2^C226,228S. We observed a significant increase in IOP 3 weeks post-injection compared to control eyes with an average delta change of 3.3 mmHg. IOP stayed elevated up to 7 weeks post-injection, which correlated with a significant drop in the AH outflow facility (40.36%). Increased expression of active TGFβ2 was observed in both AH and anterior segment samples of injected mice. The morphological assessment of the mouse TM region via hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and direct ophthalmoscopy examination revealed no visible signs of inflammation or other ocular abnormalities in the injected eyes. Furthermore, transduction of primary human TM cells with LV_hTGFβ2^C226,228S exhibited alterations in actin cytoskeleton structures, including the formation of F-actin stress fibers and crossed-linked actin networks (CLANs), which are signature arrangements of actin cytoskeleton observed in the stiffer fibrotic-like TM. Our study demonstrated a mouse model of sustained IOP elevation via lentiviral gene delivery of active hTGFβ2^C226,228S that induces TM dysfunction and outflow resistance.     

P波空间斜入射下沥青混凝土面板堆石坝响应特性及面板破坏评价

地震波入射方位和斜入射角度对于沥青混凝土面板堆石坝地震响应结果有着显著影响。本文从地震动传播机制出发,基于波场叠加原理,推导了P波以任意入射方位角和斜入射角空间斜入射下弹性半空间自由场计算公式,建立了P波空间斜入射波动输入模型。以不同应变率下的沥青混凝土单轴动态拉伸试验结果为基础,提出了考虑抗拉强度随应变率实时变化的沥青混凝土面板破坏评价方法。考虑16种不同入射方位角和斜入射角下的P波空间斜入射工况,从面板应力和加速度两方面分析了入射方位角和斜入射角对某实际沥青混凝土面板地震响应特性的影响,并进行了沥青混凝土面板的抗拉破坏评价,分析了静态评价方法与动态评价方法的差异。结果表明,所建立的P波空间斜入射波动输入模型能够准确模拟半空间自由场,波动输入数值解与解析解符合良好;与垂直输入射相比,面板顺水流向、垂直水流向加速度峰值最大分别增加135.9%和92.7%,竖向加速度峰值最大减少68.3%;空间斜输入导致面板动应力增大,主拉应力和主压应力最大分别增加3.6倍和2.7倍,忽略入射方位角和斜入射角可能会严重低估面板的地震响应。传统将静态强度提高30%作为动态强度的面板抗拉破坏判别方法过于严格,本文提出的考虑应变率效应的沥青混凝土面板破坏评价方法较为符合实际。     

计及负荷转移需求响应的低碳数据中心光储容量优化配置

为了解决高耗能数据中心低碳化转型问题,提出一种计及负荷转移需求响应的低碳数据中心光储容量配置方法。根据延时特性将数据中心负载分为交互性负载与延时性负载,通过比特-瓦特变换与数据中心电能使用效率得出负载与数据中心能耗之间的关系,以总净现值成本最低为目标函数,考虑清洁能源高渗透率水平、数据流需求响应管控约束,获得数据中心的光储容量配置结果。算例验证了所提方法的有效性。     

基于改进GMM与帧差法的运动棉杂率分析算法研究

针对清梳棉流程中产出棉含杂高、质量差的问题,结合改进高斯混合模型(Gaussian mixed model,GMM)与帧差法,提出一种局部运动棉杂率控制优化方法。首先针对清棉机除杂原理及棉杂特性进行分析;其次通过提取视频关键帧并改进GMM与帧差法对图像序列“与”运算实现目标的精确提取,进而通过设计GMM分类器获得棉杂率并进行分析;最后与传统的检测算法作对比验证。实验表明,改进后的算法在有效性以及实用性方面优于传统算法。同时,通过引入闭环控制能满足工业高精度、实时性的需求。     

融合注意力线性特征多样化的DR分级模型

糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy, DR)是目前人类的主要致盲疾病之一。针对DR数据集中样本类间差异小和类分布不均衡等制约分级性能提高的问题,本文提出一种融合注意力线性特征多样化(fusion of attention linear feature diversification, FALFD)的分级算法。该算法首先用改进的Res2Net残差网络作为模型骨干来增大感受野,进一步提高网络捕捉特征信息的能力;其次引入自适应特征多样化模块(adaptive feature diversification module, AFDM)对眼底图像可分辨的微小病理特征进行识别,获得具有高语义信息的局部特征,避免单一特征区域的限制,进而提高分级准确度;再后利用双线性注意力融合模块(bilinear attention fusion module, BAFM)增加可判别区域特征的网络权重占比;最后采用正则化焦点损失(focal loss, FL)进一步提升算法的分类性能。在IDRID数据集上,灵敏度和特异性分别为94.20%和97.05%,二次加权系数为87.83%;在APTO...     

SOM人工神经网络与阻抗谱方法结合研究涂层的失效过程

    分析了干湿循环条件下有机涂层的电化学阻抗谱特征后选取了阻抗变化率参数作为一维自组织特征映射(self-organizing feature map,SOM)神经网络的训练样本,每个样本对输出层神经元都会产生一定的激发水平,根据该神经网络的特性,输出神经元激发水平的变化趋势便可以反映涂层的降解过程.结合涂层阻抗谱的变化特征,可以把干湿循环条件下涂层的失效过程分为三个阶段,即介质渗入涂层过程,介质到达金属表面诱发金属腐蚀过程和腐蚀扩展涂层剥离过程.     

一种序分量检测新方法

针对传统dq变换法在检测电网序分量时的不足,提出了一种新的序分量检测方法,该方法不仅适用于负载不对称系统,而且适用于电源电压不对称系统.在检测过程中,不需要采用锁相环(PLL)电路获得同步旋转角,有效消除了PLL延时带来的影响;也不需要进行三角函数计算,降低了算法的复杂度.仿真分析表明,本文所提出的方法在电源电压不对称和畸变时能有效检测出负载电流的正序、负序和畸变分量.