容器设计中搅拌装置的轴向力分析

搅拌装置在化工厂中应用很广，在磷肥、钛白粉装置中（15kt/a)使用较多，仅钛白粉装置中就大约有40－50台，如增稠结晶器，中和槽等，搅拌操作所涉及的因素极为复杂，浆叶形式的选择，从力学的观点来说，迄今研究不够，本文就搅拌装置产生的轴向力问题进行了初步研究。     

基于控制流模型的Web系统测试方法研究

Web应用系统的使用与日俱增,技术层出不穷,但是Web应用系统的测试却是一个难点.论文提出一种基于控制流的测试方法,对Web应用系统建立控制流模型,并给出形式化的定义,采用模型进行测试用例的产生.为了使测试自动化,论文还谈到脚本技术和测试执行器的设计.     

小型轴流压气机清洗两相流场的数值模拟

针对某小型航空发动机单级轴流压气机的清洗需求,以数值模拟结合实验的方法对压气机清洗流场的各种参数进行了分析研究.在初步确定清洗方案的基础上,建立了基于S-A湍流模型的离散相数值模拟理论模型,以经验公式估算喷嘴形成的初始液滴分布,并对喷嘴的实验参数进行了校准,最后以CFD软件进行了流场的数值模拟,计算结果表明：清洗液滴不会对压气机的流场产生明显影响,平面扇形喷嘴在该小型压气机上能获得较好的清洗效果.     

A reactive extension of the OpenMusic visual programming language

Objectives: OpenMusic (OM) is a domain-specific visual programming language designed for computer-aided music composition. This language based on Common Lisp allows composers to develop functional processes generating or transforming musical data, and to execute them locally by demand-driven evaluations. As most historical computer-aided composition environments, OM relies on a transformational declarative paradigm, which is hard to conciliate with reactive data-flow (an evaluation scheme more adequate to the development of interactive systems). We propose to link these two evaluation paradigms in the same and consistent visual programming framework.Methods: We establish a denotational semantics of the visual language, which gives account for its demand-driven evaluation mechanism and the incremental construction of programs. We then extend this semantics to enable reactive computations in the functional graphs.Results: The resulting language merges data-driven executions with the existing demand-driven mechanism. A conservative implementation is proposed.Conclusions: We show that the incremental construction of programs and their data-driven and demand-driven evaluations can be smoothly integrated in the visual programming workflow. This integration allows for the propagation of changes in the programs, and the evaluation of graphically designed functional expressions as a response to external events, a first step in bridging the gap between computer-assisted composition environments and real-time musical systems.     

Controller design for nonlinear systems using the Contoured Robust Controller Bode plot

In this paper, we develop the Contoured Robust Controller Bode (CRCBode) plot and demonstrate its use in the design of robust controllers for nonlinear single‐input single‐output (SISO) systems. The CRCBode plot shows contours (level sets) of a robust performance quantity on the Bode magnitude and phase plots of the controller. An iterative frequency domain loop‐shaping design approach is employed to eliminate all intersections of the controller frequency response with certain ‘forbidden regions,’ indicating that a standard SISO robust stability and performance criterion is satisfied. Nonlinearities are accounted for by avoiding the maximum forbidden regions over a structured uncertainty set consisting of linearizations of the system dynamics about several operating points. We demonstrate this technique by designing and experimentally verifying a flow‐rate controller for a butterfly‐valve based liquid cooling system, which is robust to valve nonlinearities and flow disturbances. Finally, we compare this compensator with one generated using an automated H _∞ synthesis algorithm and discuss the advantages of the CRCBode approach. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于神经网络的城市轨道交通短期客流预测研究

该文结合神经网络来研究城市轨道交通中短期客流预测问题。设计出了基于自回归神经网络的轨道交通客流预测模型、模型描述及其模型训练算法。通过matlab仿真实验来验证预测模型的性能,优于将最小二乘支持向量机与离散一维Daub4小波分析结合起来预测效果。     

Modelling water flow,nitrogen transport and root uptake including physical non-equilibrium and optimization of the root water potential

A model is presented for the simulation of water flow, heat flow, and nitrate and ammonium transport. Two approaches are used for modelling plant water uptake as well as for plant nitrogen uptake. Nitrogen transformations are accounted for in a very simple way. This paper focuses mainly on water flow modelling, solute transport, and water uptake. Richards' equation is used to model water flow in layered soil profiles with a great variety of boundary conditions. Solute transport is simulated with either a simple convection dispersion equation or with a two-region physical non-equilibrium model to distinguish between mobile and immobile water and solute exchange between these two regions. A macroscopic sink term is added to Richards' equation to account for plant water uptake. This term can be calculated along two different approaches, one of which is based on the concept of root water potential. The root water potential is then continuously optimized to minimize the difference between the climatic demand and the uptake rate.Simulation results are compared with field data from the Netherlands to illustrate the degree to which the model is able to predict water flow, solute transport and plant water uptake. The root water potential optimization model seems to provide the best prediction of water distribution. In particular the shape of the profile, revealing uptake patterns, is quite well reproduced with this model. Comparison of simulated and observed water content profiles seems also to reveal the presence of preferential pathways. The comparisons show also how predicted solute distributions can be improved by using a two-region approach rather than a simple convection-dispersion model.     

Ablation of ice-solids and wax-solids mixtures in turbulent axisymmetric water jets

The ablation rate of frozen mixtures of water or wax with finely divided solids subjected to a turbulent axisymmetric water jet was investigated both experimentally and theoretically. The range of the water jet Reynolds number was 8700–29300 and the jet temperature varied between 22 and 60°C. The solids used were very fine kaolinite clay, titanium oxide and aluminium powder. The type of solids and their concentration were found to affect the ablation rate of ice-solids and wax-solids mixtures. This is mainly due to changes in the physical properties of the melt layer of the water-solids or wax-solids mixtures which forms between the impinging jet and the frozen mixtures.     

BNs-OLS-SARIMA对城市短时交通流的预测*

通过在目标路口构建贝叶斯交通网（BNs）,并对与此交通网相关的交通流建立非平稳季节（SARIMA）模型,采用最小二乘法（OLS）取得相应模型的最佳权重组合,对缺失数据下的城市道路短时交通流进行预测。使用重庆市某路口的交通流数据对模型进行检测,通过多种预测指标对结果进行对比分析,结果表明BNs-OLS-SARIMA把交通流的网络结构与其周期性结合在一起,对短时交通流有良好的预测效果。     

采用数据流图的故障模型生成算法及其应用

为有效地解决系统级故障注入试验建模困难问题,提出语言级生成数据流图,并以此构造动态故障树的故障模型建立方法.通过对故障过程数据流分析,找出数据依赖关系并构造了故障模型生成算法.与其他方法比较,本算法具有动态性,提高了故障覆盖率,减少了系统开销,使故障注入试验更易实现.