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121.
AMF对美人蕉修复水体除草剂污染的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
阿特拉津在水体中的残留对水生环境和人类健康具有重大的威胁,植物修复是针对环境中阿特拉津的有效原位修复方法.采用水培盆栽试验研究丛枝菌根真菌对美人蕉植物修复阿特拉津的影响,结果表明:在接种丛枝菌根真菌30 d后,美人蕉与丛枝菌根真菌形成稳定的共生关系,美人蕉根系的菌根侵染率达(22.1±4.6)%;丛枝菌根真菌缓解了阿特拉津对美人蕉生长的抑制作用,提高了在阿特拉津胁迫下美人蕉的株高、根长和生物量,菌根效应在美人蕉的生长上作用显著,并且在阿特拉津质量浓度为5 mg·L~(-1)时,菌根效应达到最大值;接种丛枝菌根真菌可以显著提高美人蕉对阿特拉津的降解速率,减小阿特拉津的半衰期,并且提高美人蕉植物修复阿特拉津的适用质量浓度范围.接种丛枝菌根真菌的美人蕉是阿特拉津污染修复的理想选择,本研究为阿特拉津水体污染原位修复提供一种可行的解决方案. 相似文献
122.
通过室内模拟分析,研究了阿特拉津污染土壤经过冻融循环后,土壤温度、含水量、孔隙度、水溶性有机碳、微生物细胞活性及阿特拉津残留量的变化特征.结果表明:在消融3.5~7.5 h温度发生显著变化,消融期随着时间变化,含水率呈递减的趋势;土壤孔隙度的变化趋势呈现先减小后增大,变化较缓;土壤有机碳在消融1~2 h有释放,然后呈下降趋势;消融初期,微生物细胞活性较弱,随着时间增加,微生物活性开始释放,相应的阿特拉津残留量也有降低的趋势. 相似文献
123.
124.
以莠去津为模板分子,甲基丙烯酸(methacrylic acid,MAA)为功能单体,乙腈为致孔剂,采用沉淀聚合法制备莠去津分子印迹聚合物微球(molecularly imprinted polymer microspheres,MIPMs)。对MIPMs制备工艺进行优化,当莠去津与MAA物质的量比1∶4、乙腈用量50 mL、聚合温度60 ℃时,MIPMs的吸附效果最好。通过吸附实验考察MIPMs对目标物的吸附性能,并结合Scatchard分析可知MIPMs对莠去津存在两类吸附位点,且最大表观结合量为282.69 μmol/g。以MIPMs作为固相萃取材料,制备分子印迹固相萃取(molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction,MISPE)柱,用于样品前处理,并建立莠去津-MISPE-高效液相色谱法测定食品中4 种三嗪类农药(西玛津、莠灭净、莠去津、扑草净)残留的方法。结果表明,MISPE柱对4 种三嗪类农药具有特异选择性,4 种农药的线性相关系数为0.999 1~0.999 7,检出限为0.5~5 ng/mL,平均回收率在86.2%~95.7%之间,相对标准偏差为1.98%~4.51%(n=5)。该方法能够简单、准确、高选择性地检测食品中三嗪类农药残留。 相似文献
125.
绿麦隆与莠去津混用防除玉米田杂草 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
25%绿麦隆可湿性粉剂与50%莠去津可湿性粉剂按1:1混合后,于玉米播后苗前按亩用量150 ̄250克对水土表喷雾,对一年生各种杂草均有很好防效,并有明显增效作用,且对后茬作物安全。 相似文献
126.
New Treatment Processes for Pesticides and Chlorinated Organics Control in Drinking Water 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
D. M. FOSTER MA MSc CEng MICE A. J. RACHWAL BSc S. L. WHITE PhD BSc 《Water and Environment Journal》1991,5(4):466-476
Sources of pesticides and chlorinated organic compounds potentially found in water sources are reviewed. International and UK drinking water standards for these compounds are discussed and compared with concentrations found in ground and surface waters derived from lowland agricultural and urban areas.
Water soluble herbicides including triazines, phenylamides (urons) and chlorophenoxy acids are the most commonly reported types of pesticide compounds found above 0.1 μg/l in water sources. The more toxic, and less water soluble, organo-chlorine and organophosphorus pesticides are rarely reported.
Chlorinated organic solvents are reported as contaminants of some groundwaters. Disinfection by-products, in particular trihalomethanes, formed during the chlorination of waters containing natural organics, are widely reported, sometimes at concentrations above current UK standards.
The effects of conventional water-treatment processes on the concentrations of these organic compounds are discussed. Additional water-treatment processes, designed specifically for trace organic micropollutant removal, are identified and reviewed. Ozonation, activated-carbon adsorption and air stripping are acknowledged as appropriate advanced water-treatment process solutions. Developments in novel technologies include organics destruction via advanced oxidation processes, biological processes, membrane technology and novel adsorbents.
Thames Water Plc is contributing to research in this area, investing over £5 million in pilot- and large-scale trials prior to a £200-£300 million capital investment programme in advanced water treatment in the 1990s. 相似文献
Water soluble herbicides including triazines, phenylamides (urons) and chlorophenoxy acids are the most commonly reported types of pesticide compounds found above 0.1 μg/l in water sources. The more toxic, and less water soluble, organo-chlorine and organophosphorus pesticides are rarely reported.
Chlorinated organic solvents are reported as contaminants of some groundwaters. Disinfection by-products, in particular trihalomethanes, formed during the chlorination of waters containing natural organics, are widely reported, sometimes at concentrations above current UK standards.
The effects of conventional water-treatment processes on the concentrations of these organic compounds are discussed. Additional water-treatment processes, designed specifically for trace organic micropollutant removal, are identified and reviewed. Ozonation, activated-carbon adsorption and air stripping are acknowledged as appropriate advanced water-treatment process solutions. Developments in novel technologies include organics destruction via advanced oxidation processes, biological processes, membrane technology and novel adsorbents.
Thames Water Plc is contributing to research in this area, investing over £5 million in pilot- and large-scale trials prior to a £200-£300 million capital investment programme in advanced water treatment in the 1990s. 相似文献
127.
40%乙莠水悬浮剂防除夏玉米田杂草试验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
1994-1996年对40%乙莠水悬浮剂防除夏玉米田杂草进行了试验示范推广。结果表明: 玉米播后苗前,和药剂150-180毫升/667米^2,进行地面喷洒,除草效果可达90%以上,是目前玉米田除草较理想的药剂。 相似文献
128.
129.
用液相色谱法同时测定敌草隆和莠去津的含量,选用甲醇 水作流动相,RP-18色谱柱,检测波长为240nm。本方法的回收率在98.8%-100.8%,标准偏差<0.194%,变异系数<1.811%。敌草隆和莠去津得到较好分离,操作简便、实用。本方法定量分析结果准确、稳定。 相似文献
130.