基于遥感数据的河湖堤防溃口隐患早期监测研究与应用

堤防隐患识别监测对堤防安全防洪具有重要意义。2022年汛期,辽宁省盘锦市绕阳河发生有水文记录以来的最大洪水,8月1日10时30分绕阳河下游左岸曙四联段堤防出现溃口,油田等国家重要基础设施损失严重。本文以堤防溃口隐患早期监测为目的,采用Sentinel-1雷达数据,通过小基线集合成孔径雷达差分干涉测量(Small Baseline Subset Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar,SBAS-InSAR)技术监测堤防沉降信息,基于层次分析法和综合指数法进行地面沉降风险分级,综合地面沉降风险和沉降发育程度构建了堤防沉降风险评价方法,并以盘锦市绕阳河堤防溃口区域为例,进行了包含堤防早期沉降监测、地面沉降风险分级、堤防沉降隐患风险分析的河湖堤防沉降隐患遥感监测评估。结果显示,2017—2022年溃口处堤防平均沉降速率为98.65 mm/a,累计沉降量达422.82 mm,低风险、中风险、高风险段堤防长度分别达13.8 km、3.5 km、2.7 km,堤防溃口位于高风险段,靠近沉降中心,存在安全隐患,可能导致堤防破坏最终引发堤防溃决。SBAS-InSAR形变监测和堤防风险等级划分在堤防溃口隐患早期监测中发挥了很好的作用,清晰地区分了各段堤防的沉降隐患大小,可以在堤防隐患早期识别中推广应用,为汛期预防和治理堤防溃决提供技术支持,为各风险区段堤防监测和管理提供参考。     

The Sirenic Links between Diabetes,Obesity, and Bladder Cancer

There is considerable evidence of a positive association between the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity with bladder cancer (BCa), with the link between T2DM and obesity having already been established. There also appear to be potential associations between Pleckstrin homology domain containing S1 (PLEKHS1) and the Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) axis. Seven literature searches were carried out to investigate the backgrounds of these potential links. PLEKHS1 is a candidate biomarker in BCa, with mutations that are easily detectable in urine and increased expression seemingly associated with worse disease states. PLEKHS1 has also been implicated as a potential mediator for the onset of T2DM in people with obesity. The substantial evidence of the involvement of IGF in BCa, the role of the IGF axis in obesity and T2DM, and the global prevalence of T2DM and obesity suggest there is scope for investigating the links between these components. Preliminary findings on the relationship between PLEKHS1 and the IGF axis signal possible associations with BCa progression. This indicates that PLEKHS1 plays a role in the pathogenesis of BCa that may be mediated by members of the IGF axis. Further detailed research is needed to establish the relationship between PLEKHS1 and the IGF axis in BCa and determine how these phenomena overlap with T2DM and obesity.     

The Role of Molecular Imaging as a Marker of Remyelination and Repair in Multiple Sclerosis

The appearance of new disease-modifying therapies in multiple sclerosis (MS) has revolutionized our ability to fight inflammatory relapses and has immensely improved patients’ quality of life. Although remarkable, this achievement has not carried over into reducing long-term disability. In MS, clinical disability progression can continue relentlessly irrespective of acute inflammation. This “silent” disease progression is the main contributor to long-term clinical disability in MS and results from chronic inflammation, neurodegeneration, and repair failure. Investigating silent disease progression and its underlying mechanisms is a challenge. Standard MRI excels in depicting acute inflammation but lacks the pathophysiological lens required for a more targeted exploration of molecular-based processes. Novel modalities that utilize nuclear magnetic resonance’s ability to display in vivo information on imaging look to bridge this gap. Displaying the CNS through a molecular prism is becoming an undeniable reality. This review will focus on “molecular imaging biomarkers” of disease progression, modalities that can harmoniously depict anatomy and pathophysiology, making them attractive candidates to become the first valid biomarkers of neuroprotection and remyelination.     

Comparison of four different orthokeratology lenses in controlling myopia progression

PurposeTo compare axial length (AL) elongation in myopic children with four Orthokeratology (OrthoK) lenses and spectacles.MethodsThe medical records of 266 patients (532 eyes) who were fitted with OrthoK lenses or spectacles (control group) were reviewed. Data collection included baseline age, gender, baseline objective sphere and cylinder, baseline flat and steep corneal meridian power, corneal asphericity coefficient (Q value), AL at baseline and after 1-year, and 2-years of OrthoK or spectacle wear analyzed using analysis of repeated measures data ANOVA. Stepwise linear regressions between the changes in AL after 2 years relative to baseline parameters were calculated for the OrthoK and control groups separately.ResultsThe baseline subject parameters for each of the four OrthoK lenses were not statistically different. Statistically significant differences between time points were found between 12- and 24- months (all P < 0.05). AL growth was slower in all OrthoK groups than in the control group (all P < 0.05). AL grew 0.081±0.034 mm per year slightly less than average with Essence compared to the Mouldway OrthoK group (P = 0.019). The coefficient of regression weakly expressed between the increases in AL over 2-years study period and baseline spherical equivalent refraction was 0.065 in Essence, 0.079 in Euclid and 0.087 in Mouldway. The coefficient of regression was also weakly between age and the increases AL over 2-years study period and baseline age in all groups.ConclusionDifferent OrthoK lenses differ minimally in slowing axial elongation effectively in myopic children during 2-years lens wear.     

Aberrant Expression of Posterior HOX Genes in Well Differentiated Histotypes of Thyroid Cancers

Molecular etiology of thyroid cancers has been widely studied, and several molecular alterations have been identified mainly associated with follicular and papillary histotypes. However, the molecular bases of the complex pathogenesis of thyroid carcinomas remain poorly understood. HOX genes regulate normal embryonic development, cell differentiation and other critical processes in eukaryotic cell life. Several studies have shown that HOX genes play a role in neoplastic transformation of several human tissues. In particular, the genes belonging to HOX paralogous group 13 seem to hold a relevant role in both tumor development and progression. We have identified a significant prognostic role of HOX D13 in pancreatic cancer and we have recently showed the strong and progressive over-expression of HOX C13 in melanoma metastases and deregulation of HOX B13 expression in bladder cancers. In this study we have investigated, by immunohistochemisty and quantitative Real Time PCR, the HOX paralogous group 13 genes/proteins expression in thyroid cancer evolution and progression, also evaluating its ability to discriminate between main histotypes. Our results showed an aberrant expression, both at gene and protein level, of all members belonging to paralogous group 13 (HOX A13, HOX B13, HOX C13 and HOX D13) in adenoma, papillary and follicular thyroid cancers samples. The data suggest a potential role of HOX paralogous group 13 genes in pathogenesis and differential diagnosis of thyroid cancers.     

A competitive progression perspective of JIT systems: evidence from early US implementations

This study investigates the holistic implementation of just-in-time (JIT) manufacturing. We contend that the most important elements of holistic JIT systems – focused factory, reduced setup times, group technology, total productive maintenance, multifunction employees, uniform workload, just-in-time purchasing, Kanban, total quality control and quality circles – should be implemented in a sequential manner for a firm to reap sustainable operational gains. The right sequence of implementation of JIT practices is derived using the theory of competitive progression and based on four JIT practice bundles – conformance quality related practices, delivery reliability related practices, volume flexibility related practices and low cost related practices. Data collected in a cross-sectional field study of US manufacturers are used to test the suggested implementation sequence of JIT practices and the impact of the JIT practice bundles on improvement in non-value added performance. The results indicate that implementations of JIT management practices should be in the order – first, conformance quality related practices; second, delivery reliability related practices; third, volume flexibility related practices and; finally low cost related practices. In addition, significant improvement in operational performance, as reflected in improvement of non-value added performance, is achieved via the cumulative capability building.     

An Empirically Supported Reconceptualization of African-U.S. Racial Identity Development as an Abnormal Process.

Transformational, developmental process theories of African-U.S. racial identity development are flawed because they conceptualize ontogenetic experience without embedding it in phylogenetic dictates. As a result, culminating psychological states are not depicting identity progression but actually mask a sophisticated regression to a "deracinated," psychologically misoriented orientation. Therefore, African-U.S. racial identity development is reconceptualized as an abnormal psychology feature of the behavior of otherwise normal persons. This thesis is supported empirically by survey research showing that low identity statuses and purported high identity states evince similar anti-African/Black correlation patterns. African-U.S. identity metamorphosis appears to be a process of identity diffusion, not identity progression. Recommendations for racial identity theory and research and counseling and clinical practice are provided. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

堵口抢险螺旋锚下锚机及施工工艺

研制的螺旋锚下机采用机械下锚代替人工植桩，可水上悬臂1m作业，且移机、定位、加杆、接杆等工序快捷方便，一次定位可下锚两根，平均需时6－7min下一根锚，能提高堵口抢险工程的施工速度和安全性。     

Modeling Memory Decline in Older Adults: The Importance of Preclinical Dementia, Attrition, and Chronological Age.

This longitudinal study examined memory loss in a sample of 391 initially nondemented older adults. Analyses decomposed observed memory loss into decline associated with preclinical dementia, study attrition, terminal decline, and chronological age. Measuring memory as a function of only chronological age failed to provide an adequate representation of cognitive change. Disease progression accounted for virtually all of the memory loss in the 25% of the sample that developed diagnosable dementia. In the remainder of the sample, both chronological age and study attrition contributed to observed memory loss. These results suggest that much of memory loss in aging adults may be attributable to the progression of preclinical dementia and other nonnormative aging processes that are not captured by chronological age. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)