宽峰聚乙烯／蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备

利用2种不同的方法制备了2种氢调敏感性不同的蒙脱土／氯化镁／四氯化钛（MMT／MgCl2／TiCl4）催化剂,利用这2种催化剂及其混配催化剂,通过原位聚合法,制备出一系列宽峰聚乙烯纳米复合材料,采用X_射线衍射仪（XRD）、凝胶色谱测试分析（GPC）及力学性能测试等方法对催化剂及聚合产物进行分析,结果表明,2种催化剂以及按照不同比例混合的混配催化剂均表现出较高的聚合活性,XRD测试结果表明,蒙脱土片层在乙烯聚合过程中发生了插层及剥离,以单片层或几层共存的形式分散于聚乙烯基质中;用混配催化剂可制得宽峰聚乙烯纳米复合材料,Mw／Mn=7．23,并且聚合物的堆积密度达到工业生产的标准,宽峰聚乙烯纳米复合材料的综合力学性能较工业产品5000S及工业上应用的管材料有很大的提高。     

电磁动态挤出机螺杆轴向振动研究

简要介绍了电磁动态单螺杆挤出机的结构性能，分析了螺杆在振动力场作用下的轴向受力状况。通过将实际螺杆简化成广义螺杆的方法建立了螺杆轴向振动力学模型和振动方程，求解得到了螺杆轴向振动的规律。通过对比螺杆轴向振动的试验和理论幅频（幅值和频率）关系曲线，验证了理论分析的合理性，为电磁动态挤出机的动态挤出和优化设计提供了理论依据。     

Versuchsplanerische Untersuchung der Umesterung von Sojaöl mit Ethanol im Mikroreaktor

Base‐catalyzed transesterification of fats and oils with primary alcohols in discontinuous operation is an established batch process for the biodiesel production. However, the application of microreaction technology and continuous flow process lead to an increase of process intensification. The ethanol/soy bean oil ratio at low flow rates as well as the reactor geometry have the most evident effects on the fatty acid ethyl ester yield of KOH‐catalyzed ethanolysis of soy bean oil in microreactors. The influence of the catalyst concentration is of a lower importance.     

Are Chemical Compounds Important for Soybean Resistance to <Emphasis Type="Italic">Anticarsia gemmatalis</Emphasis>?

The identification and quantification of flavonoids (rutin and genistin) present in extracts of soybean genotypes, and their effects on the biology and physiology of Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner (Lep.: Noctuidae) were studied. Analysis of covariance and bicoordinate utilization plots were used to remove the effect of feeding time from pupal weight and consumption as well as to separate pre- and postingestive effects of treatment on A. gemmatalis growth. Genotypes PI 274454, PI 227687, and “IAC-100” extracts in general, caused higher mortality, negatively influenced initial larval and pupal weight, and elongated larval cycle. Larvae fed on the “IAC-100” extract diet ingested larger amounts of food per unit of time, but were less efficient in its conversion to biomass. Leaf extracts of PI 227687 had the largest concentration of rutin (quercitin 3-O-rhamnosylglucoside), followed by PI 274454, and “IAC-100”; PI 74454 also had the highest genistin (genistein 7-O-glucoside) content. The susceptible cultivar “BR-16” showed only a kaempferol-based flavonoid in its chemical profile, indicating that after successive crosses, secondary compounds responsible for plant defenses were eliminated. Genotypes PI 274454, PI 227687, and “IAC-100” showed accentuated resistance characteristics and were considered inadequate sources for the development of A. gemmatalis. Considering rutin and genistin concentration in these genotypes, it is suggested that flavonoids are important factors conferring resistance to A. gemmatalis.     

理想薄板坯连铸结晶器内腔宽面部分曲面的获得

薄板坯连铸机结晶器内腔宽面通常由若干简单几何曲面拼接而成,使铸坯坯壳在结晶器内自上而下移动过程中承受较大的非均匀变形,从而在铸坯坯壳内产生"弯"、"扭"、"剪"应力.理想的薄板坯连铸机结晶器内腔宽面应该具有三个几何特征,即满足薄板坯连铸基本生产工艺几何尺寸和形状要求;曲率连续、曲率变化率最小;考虑铸坯坯壳受到冷却作用而凝固收缩的影响因素.本文详述了邯钢理想薄板坯结晶器内腔宽面部分曲面的获取过程.     

抗新型冠状病毒2019-nCoV新药的研发

2019年底,湖北武汉暴发了2019新型冠状病毒感染疾病（COVID-19）,并快速在全国蔓延,且在多个国家发现病例。其感染病例和死亡病例在短时间内快速超过重症急性呼吸综合征（SARS）,给中国带来了不可估量的损失。中国科研人员在短时间内,快速锁定病原体为2019-nCoV（或hCoV-19或SARS-CoV-2),并且在不同层面开展了相关抗病毒药物的研发工作。本文介绍了抗2019-nCoV新药研发的现状。同时,鉴于突发病原体的药物研发过程相对迟缓,我们建议对于潜在流行可能性的病原体,其药物研发要具有前瞻性,国家层面要推进广谱药物的研发和临床试验,以应对可能出现的疫情风险。     

Broadband excited Na3Tb(PO4)2:Ce3+/Eu2+ green/yellow-emitting phosphors with high color purity for LED-based application

To enhance the display quality of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), it is of great significance to exploit green/yellow-emitting phosphors with narrow emission band, high quantum yield, and excellent color purity to satisfy the application. Herein, orthophosphate-based green/yellow-emitting Na₃Tb(PO₄)₂:Ce³⁺/Eu²⁺ (NTPO:Ce³⁺/Eu²⁺) phosphors have been successfully synthesized by a facile solid-state reaction method. The absorption band of NTPO samples was extended to the near-ultraviolet region and the absorption efficiency was significantly improved owing to a highly efficient energy transfer from Ce³⁺/Eu²⁺ ion to Tb³⁺ ion in NTPO host certified by time-resolved PL spectra. Upon 300 nm excitation, the NTPO:Ce³⁺ is characterized by ultra-narrow-band green emission of Tb³⁺ with an absolute quantum yield of 94.5%. Unexpectedly, NTPO:Eu²⁺ emits bright yellow light with a color purity of 73% as a result of the blending of green light emission from Tb³⁺ and red light emission from Eu³⁺. The thermal stability has been improved by controlling the stoichiometric ratio of Na⁺. The prototype white LED used yellow-emitting NTPO:Eu²⁺ phosphor has higher color-rendering index (Ra = 83.5), lower correlated color temperature (CCT = 5206 K), and closer CIE color coordinates (0.338, 0.3187) to the standard white point at (0.333, 0.333) than that used green-emitting NTPO:Ce³⁺ phosphor, indicating the addition of the yellow light component improved the Ra of the trichromatic (RGB) materials.     

Characterization of yam bean (Pachyrhizus spp.) Seeds as potential sources of high palmitic acid oil

Seeds from 22 accessions of the yam bean species Pachyrhizus ahipa (14 accessions), P. erosus (5), and P. tuberosus (3) were investigated for oil and protein contents, fatty acid composition of the seed oil, and the total tocopherol content and composition. Plants from the accessions were grown under greenhouse conditions during one (P. erosus and P. tuberosus) or two years (P. ahipa). The pattern of the investigated seed quality traits was very similar in the three species. Yam bean seeds were characterized by high oil (from about 20 to 28% in one environment) and protein contents (from about 23 to 34%). Seed oil contained high concentrations of palmitic (from about 25 to 30% of the total fatty acids), oleic (21 to 29%), and linoleic acids (35 to 40%). Levels of linolenic acid were very low, from about 1.0 to 2.5%. Total tocopherol content was relatively low in P. erosus (from 249 to 585 mg kg⁻¹ oil) and P. tuberosus (from 260 to 312 mg kg⁻¹ oil) compared with the levels found in P. ahipa grown under identical conditions (508 to 858 mg kg⁻¹ oil). In all the samples, γ-tocopherol was predominant, accounting for more than 90% of the total tocopherol content. The combination of high oil and protein contents, together with high palmitic acid, low linolenic acid, and high γ-tocopherol concentration, makes these crops an interesting alternative as sources of high palmitic acid oil for the food industry.     

Volatile Stimuli Related to Feeding Activity of Nonprey Caterpillars, Spodoptera exigua, Affect Olfactory Response of the Predatory Mite Phytoseiulus persimilis

The effect of volatiles related to feeding activity of nonprey caterpillars, Spodoptera exigua, on the olfactory response of the predatory mites Phytoseiulus persimilis was examined in a Y-tube olfactometer. At a low caterpillar density (20 caterpillars on 10 Lima bean leaves), the predators were significantly more attracted to volatiles from infested leaves on which the caterpillars and their products were present or from infested leaves from which the caterpillars and their products had been removed when compared to volatiles from uninfested leaves. The predators, however, significantly avoided odors from 20 caterpillars and their products (mainly feces) removed from bean leaves. In contrast, at a higher caterpillar density (100 caterpillars on 10 Lima bean leaves), the predators avoided volatiles from caterpillar-infested bean leaves. Volatiles from infested leaves from which the caterpillars and their products had been removed were not preferred over volatiles from uninfested leaves. Volatiles from feces collected from 100 caterpillars were strongly avoided by the predators, while the behavior of the predatory mites was not affected by volatiles from 100 caterpillars removed from a plant. The data show that carnivorous arthropods may avoid nonprofitable herbivores. This avoidance seems to result from an interference of volatiles from herbivore products with the attraction to herbivore-induced plant volatiles.     

深咖啡色纯棉贡缎宽幅织物的染色工艺

阐述高支高密纯棉贡缎类宽幅织物前处理和染色工艺及生产中易出现的问题.以DS-DR红、DS-DW橙和DS-DN蓝活性染料作为染深咖啡色的三原色,轧染条件为:车速30 m/min,汽蒸温度102℃,时间90 s,染深色时NaCl用量200 g/L,Na2CO3用量20 g/L,NaOH用量6 g/L.大车试验结果表明,用此工艺生产的咖啡类颜色的贡缎织物色差较小,牢度均达到要求.