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61.
F. D. McDaniel B. L. Doyle C. H. Seager D. S. Walsh G. Vizkelethy D. K. Brice C. Yang P. Rossi M. Nigam M. El Bouanani G. V. Ravi Prasad J. C. Schwartz L. T. Mitchell J. L. Duggan 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms》2002,190(1-4):1-10
A new ion beam analysis-based, single ion technique called the time to first photon has been developed to measure the decay of the luminescence signal of phosphors. Such measurements are currently needed to study luminescence decay mechanisms following high-density excitations and to identify strongly luminescent phosphor coatings with short lifetimes for ion photon emission microscopy (IPEM). The samples for this technique consist of thin phosphor layers placed or coated on the surface of PIN diodes. Single ions from an accelerator strike this sample and simultaneously create ion beam induced luminescence (IBIL) from the phosphor that is measured by a single-photon-detector, and an ion beam induced charge collection (IBICC) signal in the PIN diode. In this case, the IBICC signal provides the start pulse and the IBIL signal the stop pulse to a time to amplitude converter. It is straightforward to show that this approach also measures a signal proportional to activity versus time with an accuracy of 5% as long as the number of detected photons per ion is less than 0.1, which usually requires the use of absorbers for the IBIL detector or electronic discrimination for the IBIL signals. Details of the new analysis are given together with examples of luminescence decay measurements of several ceramic phosphors being considered to coat IPEM samples. IPEM is currently being developed at Sandia National Laboratory (SNL), the University of North Texas in Denton, and the Universities and INFN of Padova and Torino. 相似文献
62.
采用动电势扫描法测定了不同体系中碳钢发生点蚀的临界电势Eb。结果表明 :当Cl- 浓度 <0 .0 1mol/L时 ,随Cl- 浓度增加 ,临界电势负移并与Cl- 浓度成线性关系 ;pH值在 7~ 11之间 ,随pH值增加 ,临界电势正移并与pH值成线性关系 ;随温度增加 ,临界电势负移并与温度成线性关系。 相似文献
63.
64.
Free‐radical solution copolymerization of itaconic acid and acrylonitrile was carried out in DMSO using azodiisobutyronitrile as an initiator, changing the feed rate of itaconic acid. The resulting polymerization solution was spun to form polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursors of carbon fibers. The precursors were treated with a CoSO4 aqueous solution on‐line. The structure and properties of untreated and treated PAN precursors and the resultant carbon fibers were characterized by SEM and TEM, a stabilization process, etc. It is suggested that CoSO4 acts as a catalyst in the formation of a ladder structure and reduces the temperature of cyclization, and the carbon fibers developed from treated PAN fibers showed improvement in the tensile strength and the Young's modulus. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 153–158, 2002 相似文献
65.
66.
PAN共聚纤维的热氧化研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
本工作采用连续式实骏装置与方法,借助力学测试、X射线衍射、元素分析、红外光谱等技术,系统地研究了PAN共聚纤维在连续热氧化过程中化学、结构、性能间的联系,亦对PAN基碳纤维力学性能提高的途径进行了探讨。研究结累表明:在热氧化过程中,PAN共聚体系的热化学反应主要发生在250℃左右;其间纤维的序态结构变化剧烈,易使纤维产生结构缺陷,进而影响热氧化纤维力学性能的变化。 相似文献
67.
介绍了用气相色谱分析叔丁醇两步氧化制甲基丙烯酸液相产物的组成,该分析方法能够分析液相产物中的醛类,酮类和酸类化合物共计9个组分,C2-C4有机酸无记忆效应,其色谱峰不拖尾,该分析方法的相对标准偏差≤8.5%,回收率在94.5%-103.7%之间,是一种快速,准确,操作简单的分析方法。 相似文献
68.
69.
We have grown thin carbon films by pulsed laser deposition and have investigated the extent to which the properties of such
films, as well as the processes responsible for these properties, are laser wavelength dependent. Films were grown by ablating
material from a graphite target onto room temperature Si(100) substrates with 1064 and 248 nm laser radiation. The films were
analyzed byin situ electron energy loss spectroscopy and byex situ Raman spectroscopy. The results indicated that films grown with 1064 nm ablation were graphitic, while those grown with 248
nm radiation were diamond-like. We have also examined the mass and kinetic energy distributions of the particles ejected from
graphite by the two laser wavelengths. The results indicated that irradiation of graphite with 1064 nm laser radiation results
in the ejection of a series of carbon cluster ions C
n
+
(1 ≤ n ≤ 30) with mean kinetic energies less than 5 eV. Ablation of graphite with 248 nm radiation results in the ejection
of primarily C
2
+
and C
3
+
with mean kinetic energies of 60 and 18 eV, respectively. These results suggest that large, low energy clusters produce graphitic
films, while small, high energy clusters produce films of diamond-like carbon. 相似文献
70.
D. E. Wetzler P. F. Aramendía M. L. Japas R. Fernández-Prini 《International Journal of Thermophysics》1998,19(1):27-42
Thermal diffusivities of supercritical CO2 and C2H6 were determined over a wide density range with a photothermal technique. The thermal lens, formed by the degradation of the absorbed light energy as heat by the sample, allows the employment of a nonequilibrium method in the critical region. Controlling the refractive-index gradient, i.e., a density gradient, perturbations can be maintained at levels where convection is negligible. An easy-to-operate setup allowed us to measure thermal diffusivities in the density ranges 5 to 20 mol·dm–3 for CO2 at 308 and 313 K and 2 to 12 mol·dm–3 for C2H6 at 308 K with a standard precision of 15%. 相似文献