tau: A 1D radiative transfer code for transmission spectroscopy of extrasolar planet atmospheres

The tau code is a 1D line-by-line radiative transfer code, which is generally applicable for modeling transmission spectra of close-in extrasolar planets. The inputs are the assumed temperature–pressure profile of the planetary atmosphere, the continuum absorption coefficients and the absorption cross-sections for the trace molecular absorbers present in the model, as well as the fundamental system parameters taken from the published literature. The program then calculates the optical path through the planetary atmosphere of the radiation from the host star, and quantifies the absorption due to the modeled composition in a transmission spectrum of transit depth as a function of wavelength. The code is written in C++, parallelized using OpenMP, and is available for public download and use from http://www.ucl.ac.uk/exoplanets/.     

湿固化聚氨酯热熔胶的合成与表征

以多异氰酸醋PAPI和自制多元醇为原料,采用熔融缩聚法合成出了一种具有快速粘接定位功能的新型反应性热熔胶,并利用FTIR、DSC和力学性能测试等手段对产品进行了表征。结果表明,合成产品不仅具有合理的结构特征,而且还具有良好的使用性能和耐热性能。     

2-乙基-2- 唑啉的阳离子开环聚合及聚合物的表征

以对甲苯磺酸甲酯为引发剂进行２乙基２唑啉阳离子开环聚合研究，主要考察了不同的单体／引发剂配比、聚合温度和聚合时间对聚合转化率和聚合物分子量的影响。聚合物通过ＩＲ、１Ｈ核磁共振、ＤＳＣ进行表征，并考察了聚（２乙基２唑啉）与部分聚合物和共聚物的共混性能。     

Electrocopolymerization kinetics of a binary mixture of 3‐chloroaniline 2‐amino‐4‐phenylthiazole and characterization of the obtained block copolymer films

Electrocopolymerization of a binary mixture of 3‐chloroaniline and 2‐amino‐4‐phenylthiazole on platinum electrode in acid medium was carried out under different reaction conditions such as temperature, current density, hydrochloric acid, and monomer concentrations with duration time. The initial rate of the electrocopolymerization reaction on platinum electrode is small and the rate law is R_p = K₂ [D]^1.29[HCl]^0.97[M]^1.94. The apparent activation energy is found to be 38.87 kJ/mol. The obtained copolymer film is characterized by ¹H‐NMR, elemental analysis, GPC IR, UV‐visible, and cyclic voltammetry and compared with those of the two homopolymers. The mechanism of the electrocopolymerization reaction is also discussed and the monomer reactivity ratio (r₁and r₂) is calculated. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is used to confirm the proposed structure and determination of the number of water molecules in the polymeric chain unit. X‐ray and scanning electron microscopic analysis are used to investigate the surface morphology. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 2076–2087, 2005     

3,3’,4,4’-四氨基二苯醚的合成与表征

以4,4’-二氨基二苯醚(4,4’-DADPE)为原料,经乙酰化、硝化、酸解、还原、中和五步反应合成3,3’,4,4’-四氨基二苯醚(TADE),总收率为39.5%,并用1HNMR、FT-IR以及熔点测试技术对其进行了表征。     

冬凌草硒多糖的制备、表征及抗氧化活性分析

本研究以济源冬凌草多糖为原料，选用化学合成方法对多糖进行结构修饰。采用UV、FT-IR、SEM、TGA、HPLC等方法对冬凌草多糖以及硒多糖结构特征进行了表征；通过DPPH（1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼）自由基法、羟自由基法等4种方法对其抗氧化活性进行了探究。结果：制备的硒多糖中硒质量分数为1.35 mg/g。硒化修饰后，冬凌草多糖的基本骨架得到保留，单糖种类未发生改变，但其分解温度降低、稳定性下降，多糖形貌也发生明显变化，球状与条状形貌增多，片状形貌减少。此外，在体外抗氧化性实验中，当硒多糖质量浓度为1.6mg/mL时，对DPPH自由基、ABTS自由基、羟自由基清除率分别为68.68%、86.69%、45.12%，均强于冬凌草多糖。     

纳米氧化锌的制备与表征

对传统的直接沉淀法进行了改进 ,对反应温度、搅拌速度、投料方式及洗涤条件等多种因素对产物纳米氧化锌的影响进行了研究。结果表明 ,改进的直接沉淀法制备纳米氧化锌具有工艺简单、成本较低 ,能够得到六方晶系、球形 ,粒径约为 15～ 2 5nm的纳米氧化锌     

N-杂环异海松酰基磺酰胺的制备及其抗肿瘤活性

为了寻求以天然资源为原料的抗肿瘤药物,以异海松酸为原料,设计并合成了6个N-[4-(异海松酰胺基)苯基]-杂环磺酰胺类化合物(Ⅴa～Ⅴf),采用FTIR、1HNMR、13CNMR和MS对其结构进行了表征.生物活性测试结果表明,部分化合物对人体宫颈癌细胞(Hela)、乳腺癌细胞(MDA-MB-231)、前列腺癌细胞(PC-3)和肝癌细胞(Hep G-2)具有良好的抑制活性.在浓度为100μmol/L时,N-[4-(异海松酰胺基)苯基]-2-氯-5-吡啶磺酰胺(Ⅴd)和N-[4-(异海松酰胺基)苯基]-3-溴-2-氯吡啶-5-磺酰胺(Ⅴe)对4种人体肿瘤细胞都具有良好的抑制活性,对上述人体肿瘤细胞的增殖抑制率均大于95％和94％;N-[4-(异海松酰胺基)苯基]-3-氯喹啉磺酰胺(Ⅴc)对上述肿瘤细胞的增殖具有较好的抑制活性.化合物Ⅴd和Ⅴe对4种肿瘤细胞的半抑制浓度(IC50)均低于临床上应用较广的抗癌剂5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU),其抑制活性优于阳性对照,且对人体正常细胞——人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)的毒性低于对肿瘤细胞的毒性,有一定的临床应用前景.     

Characterization of the reactivity of limestones with SO2 in a fluidized bed reactor

The reaction between SO₂ and calcined limestone particles has been studied in a fluidized bed combustor. Measurements of sorbent reactivity with SO₂ were made for small batches of limestone injected into the combustor. Simultaneous continuous combustion of bituminous coal provided conditions like those of a boiler for study of the sulphation reaction. A semi-empirical rate model of the CaO-SO₂ reaction has been developed. External mass transfer of SO₂, diffusion within the particles and chemical reaction are taken into account. The limestone reactivity with SO₂ is characterized by two parameters which are dependent on the temperature and sorbent particle size. A model for predicting the limestone requirements in a fluidized bed boiler has been developed. Parameters from the batch experiments are included. The predictions for sulfur retention agree with the experimental results. In addition, effects of operating conditions (gas velocity, recycle, limestone particle size) on the retention of SO₂ were simulated using the model.     

电泳沉积法γ-Al2O3微孔膜的制备与表征

采用电泳沉积法制备γ－Al2O3微孔膜，考察了干燥及烧成制度对膜形成的影响，并用IR，XRD，SEM，N2吸附－脱附等测试手段对γ－Al2O3微孔膜进行了表征。结果表明：采用电泳沉积法可成功地制备均匀的γ－Al2O3保护膜；实验中采用室温慢速干燥法，制得了完整的凝胶膜，经过焙烧可获得与基片结合良好的γ－Al2O3多孔膜，在焙烧过程中，γ－AlOOH发生如下的晶型转变：γ－AlOOH→345℃γ－Al2O3，并且随着焙烧温度的升高，γ－Al2O3膜的结晶性得到改善。此外，γ－Al2O3膜的断面结构较疏松，膜厚度大面均匀：一次成膜厚度达十几μm，γ－Al2O3微孔膜的孔径尺寸为纳米级。