粉煤灰在造纸废水处理中的应用

根据国内外有关粉煤灰处理造纸废水的资料,分析讨论了粉煤灰结合其他废水处理方式处理造纸废水的情况,以及改性粉煤灰作为絮凝剂处理废水的效果。     

饮用水混凝除磷技术试验研究

通过混凝实验,观察混凝除磷与除浊的关系,考察混凝剂品种、pH对混凝除磷效果的影响,以及混凝对水中不同形态磷的去除效果.研究高锰酸钾复合药剂(PPC)及聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)的助凝除磷效果.结果表明:强化混凝可以有效提高混凝除磷的效果;聚铁混凝除磷效果明显好于聚铝和聚铝铁;3种混凝剂除磷最佳pH分别为:聚铁7.5,聚铝6.5,聚铝铁6.0;溶解性磷的去除总体上来说更加困难,但是当混凝剂投量增加到一定水平,溶解性磷也能得到有效去除;PPC与PAM均具有一定的助凝除磷效果,但PAM的用量和投加时间必须很好控制.     

Pulsed cold plasma-induced blood coagulation and its pilot application in stanching bleeding during rat hepatectomy

This paper presents plasma-induced blood coagulation and its pilot application in rat hepatectomy by using a home-made pulsed cold plasma jet. Experiments were conducted on blood coagulation in vitro, the influence of plasma on tissue in vivo, and the pilot application of rat hepatectomy. Experimental results show that the cold plasma can lead to rapid blood coagulation. Compared with the control sample, the plasma-induced agglomerated layer of blood is thicker and denser, and is mostly composed of broken platelets. When the surface of the liver was treated by plasma, the influence of the plasma can penetrate into the liver to a depth of about 500 μm. During the rat hepatectomy, cold plasma was proved to be effective for stanching bleeding on incision. No obvious bleeding was found in the abdominal cavities of all six rats 48 h after the hepatectomy. This implies that cold plasma can be an effective modality to control bleeding during surgical operation.     

微波破乳器的实验研究

对自制的800 W隧道式箱型微波破乳器进行了微波破乳实验研究. 详细考察了影响微波破乳器破乳效果的工艺参数,得出了最佳条件：流量70 L/h,温升速率16℃/min. 最佳实验条件下,含水50.0%的乳状液经微波破乳-离心分离后得到的离心油样含水率为2.2%. 循环连续破乳实验表明,含水率随有效停留时间的延长逐渐趋于稳定,采用多级串联的方法可以提高处理量,且可达到较好的破乳效果. 通过对微波破乳器的场强分布数值模拟,对比了有物料和无物料两种情况下微波破乳器的场强分布差异,为微波破乳器的进一步放大提供了依据.     

Genetic Deletion of HLJ1 Does Not Affect Blood Coagulation in Mice

HLJ1 (also called DNAJB4) is a member of the DNAJ/Hsp40 family and plays an important role in regulating protein folding and activity. However, there is little information about the role of HLJ1 in the regulation of physiological function. In this study, we investigated the role of HLJ1 in blood coagulation using wild-type C57BL/6 mice and HLJ1-null (HLJ1^-/-) mice. Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry were used to assess the expression and distribution of HLJ1 protein, respectively. The tail bleeding assay was applied to assess the bleeding time and blood loss. A coagulation test was used for measuring the activity of extrinsic, intrinsic and common coagulation pathways. Thromboelastography was used to measure the coagulation parameters in the progression of blood clot formation. The results showed that HLJ1 was detectable in plasma and bone marrow. The distribution of HLJ1 was co-localized with CD41, the marker of platelets and megakaryocytes. However, genetic deletion of HLJ1 did not alter blood loss and the activity of extrinsic and intrinsic coagulation pathways, as well as blood clot formation, compared to wild-type mice. Collectively, these findings suggest that, although HLJ1 appears in megakaryocytes and platelets, it may not play a role in the function of blood coagulation under normal physiological conditions.     

反渗透(RO)前处理系统SDI优化实践

采用地表水的反渗透系统,经过混凝处理后外观清澈,经砂滤和活性炭过滤后浊度接近0.1 NTU,但污染指数(SD I)仍然在4以上,投运反渗透会导致产水量随时间的增加而递减速度加快,需要高压泵升压维持产水量,使反渗透膜寿命降低。本文就这一问题进行分析并提出了可行的解决方案。     

生物絮凝剂法在废水处理中的应用研究

混凝法是废水处理中最常用的重要方法,而絮凝剂的性质、种类的好坏是关系到混凝处理效果的关键因素。本文首先对生物絮凝剂的絮凝机理,影响生物絮凝剂絮凝能力的因素以及可被生物絮凝剂絮凝的物质进行了介绍;然后对其在废水处理中的应用作为重要叙述;最后对生物絮凝剂的发展前景作了简要概括。     

SBR-混凝法处理制浆中段废水

对制浆中段废水采用SBR--混凝法处理进行了研究.实验结果表明,采用非限制曝气条件比限制曝气条件CODCr去除率高;混凝处理时,混凝剂PAC和助凝剂CPAM最佳投加质量浓度分别为400mg/L和15 mg/L,混凝时pH为7;对制浆中段废水采用SBR--混凝法处理结果表明,出水CODCr总去除率在82%以上,SS总去除率在94%以上,pH为7.3～7.5,色度为22～29倍,出水基本无色无臭,完全达到GB 3544-2001所规定的排放要求,并且能完全回用.     

新型复配混凝剂处理三次采油废水的实验研究

从已有的混凝剂中筛选出几种适合处理三次采油废水的无机和有机高分子混凝剂,通过复配提高三次采油废水中部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)的去除率,由实验得出了最佳复配pH,在最佳pH和最佳搅拌条件下进行实验,发现聚合双酸铝铁(PAFCS)和阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺[P(DMDAAC/AM)]复配能得到最好的效果,HPAM的去除率达到92.6%.另外,在实验中通过添加氧化剂进行了氧化预处理实验,并进行了加砂强化混凝实验.     

强化混凝在循环水系统排污水回用中的应用

采用由聚合氯化铝(PAC)和高分子助凝剂组成的混凝剂改进配方,对炼油厂循环水系统排污水进行了处理.结果表明,改进配方对排污水中浊度、COD和磷的去除效果均优于原配方,且经济性更优.经改进配方,处理的排污水的污泥密度指数(SDI)小于5.0,能够满足后续反渗透单元的进水要求.