瀑-深梯级AGC厂间负荷实时分配策略研究及应用

为了实现瀑布沟、深溪沟电站的实时联合运行控制,基于分层调管的原理,以深溪沟电站水位控制为目标,提出了一套能够实现瀑布沟和深溪沟两站水量与电量平衡的厂间负荷实时分配策略及求解流程。针对厂间负荷分配时,不同机组组合下的虚拟单台机组的发电特性曲线和振动区,分别采用动态规划技术和集合区间运算法给予求解,同时还给出了一种简单实用的厂间联合躲避振动区的策略。在此基础上,开发的集控侧梯级AGC系统,已成功地应用到了大渡河瀑布沟和深溪沟梯级实时联合运行控制中,且计算结果满足实际运行工况的要求。     

考虑边界反射的河流离岸排放污染混合区计算方法

在等强度点源离岸排放条件下,从简化二维移流扩散方程的解析解出发,探讨了考虑两岸反射作用的中宽河流污染混合区的计算方法。给出了污染混合区边界形状曲线与量纲一方程的形式;采用迭代计算和试算比较法,给出了靠岸与离岸两种类型混合区各几何特征参数(坐标)、面积及面积系数与相对离岸距离的关系曲线,提出了以相对离岸距离a'作为判据的排放类型分区条件。给出了河流岸边、离岸与中心排放的分类判别准则:(1)当0≤a'≤a'1时,简化为岸边(近岸)排放类型;(2)当a'1a'a'2时,称为离岸排放类型;(3)当a'2≤a'≤0.5时,简化为中心排放类型,并给出了岸边排放类型与离岸排放类型的临界相对离岸距离a'1和中心排放类型与离岸排放类型的临界相对离岸距离a'2的表达式。通过回归分析,给出了中宽河流离岸排放类型混合区主要特征参数的实用计算公式,可作为中宽河流污染混合区范围计算和排污口位置优化设计的依据。     

水布垭电厂机组穿越振动区次数明显增加的原因

鉴于水布垭电厂机组频繁穿越振动区,会引起机组零部件金属和焊缝中疲劳破坏区的形成和扩大,从而使之发生裂纹,甚至损坏而报废等。为避免水布垭电厂频繁穿越振动区,引起机组损坏,分析了引起机组穿越振动区的原因,提出了解决措施,使机组运行在最优工况下。     

聚合物—铝酸—钙界面组成与结构的XPS研究

从复合材料界面的角度,采用XPS综合方法研究了水泥基聚合物复合材料的高强特别是高抗弯强度的微观机理。结果表明,在材料界面上存在明显的电子结合能化学位移效应,并被证实为聚合物与无机水泥的化学键合所致。界面层的深度分析发现,掺加聚合物的材料界面具有良好的化学和物理结构。作者认为这种材料的高强机理主要是由于两种基质界面间的有效化学键合作用,形成了良好的界面结构,因此,可认为这种作用大于有的学者所解释的聚合物的单一物理作用。     

Euclidean Distance Mapping for computing microstructural gradients at interfaces in composite materials

This paper presents an image analysis procedure using Euclidean Distance Mapping to compute microstructural gradients at interfaces in composite materials. This method is capable of producing phase distribution plots at single pixel strip width very quickly and efficiently. Compared to conventional dilation-subtraction strip analysis, the new method is faster, more flexible and is not constrained by feature geometry and boundary conditions. This allows for truly random and unbiased sampling. The new method was applied to investigate microstructural gradients at the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) of an ordinary Portland cement concrete. The average results show strong gradients in anhydrous cement and detectable porosity at the ITZ, but this is highly variable from location to location. The overall ITZ characteristics depend on the amount of calcium hydroxide deposited on aggregate particles. The new method was able to measure the effect of these calcium hydroxide deposits on the porosity gradient, which has not been reported before.     

A multiscale model for effective moduli of concrete incorporating ITZ water-cement ratio gradients, aggregate size distributions, and entrapped voids

This paper develops a model for the effective elastic properties of concrete, which is a function of the volume fractions, size distributions, and elastic properties of fine aggregate (FA) and coarse aggregate (FA) and entrapped voids. Furthermore, the model is a function of the overall water-cement ratio and specific gravity of cement. Explicitly modeled are the water-cement ratio gradients through the interfacial transition zone (ITZ), which, in turn, affect the variation of the cement paste elastic properties through the ITZ, while maintaining the total fractions of cement and water consistent with the overall water-cement ratio. The ITZ volume is also conserved.     

无线传感器网络中移动目标跟踪的预测模型

动态目标的实时监测是无线传感器网络覆盖的必备技术和发展趋势,针对由于目标运动带来的网络动态拓扑变化和耗能高等问题,提出了一个预测模型。该模型通过综合分析目标在当前时刻前的信息如移动速度、移动方向的基础上,基于二维高斯分布,预测目标未来可能出现的区域,从而激活相应的传感器,减轻无线传感器网络的工作压力。并且设计相应的通讯协议,以保证基站与传感器节点之间数据稳定、实时的传输。基于仿真实验表明了该方法的有效性和可行性。     

The Chemistry of Water Treatment Processes Involving Ozone,Hydrogen Peroxide and Ultraviolet Radiation

Advanced oxidation processes are defined as those which involve the generation of hydroxyl radicals in sufficient quantity to affect water purification. The theoretical and (practical yield of OH from O₃ at high pH, 0₃/H₂0₂, O₃/UV and H₂O₂/UV systems is reviewed. New data is presented which illustrates the importance of direct photolysis in the O₃/UV process, the effect of the H₂0₂:0₃ ratio in the O₃/H₂O₂ process, and the impact of the low extinction coefficient of H₂O₂ in the H₂0₂/UV process.     

多孔催化剂效率因子的多组分扩散模型(Ⅴ) 表面中毒并伴有平衡死区圆柱状催化剂效率因子的有限元求解

针对表面中毒并伴有平衡死区二维圆柱状催化剂的反应-扩散偏微分方程组的特殊性,引入有限元方法求解该类问题,建立了求解步骤。实际计算所得效率因子与实验值对照表明,本法结果准确,过程简单,容易推广应用于各种相类似的体系。     

隧道窑预热带烟气流动对上下温差的影响

为减小隧道窑预热带上下温差,利用计算机数值模拟对预热带温度场进行研究,找出烟气流动对隧道窑预热带上下温差的影响规律.在预热带内来流烟气的温度保持不变,速度为0.5～1.0 m/s时,窑内温度均匀性较好.在保持来流烟气温度和速度不变的情况下,码料密度的合适值为孔隙率在0.208～0.408范围内,可提高产品的质量和产量.