全回流-全馏出与变塔压联合的间歇精馏过程

A novel operation of batch distillation-combination of varying colum pressure and total reflux-total efflux is studied experimentally. In the operation, the product is accumulated at the top of the column under total reflux and then drained off completely, and the column pressure is varying in the whole process. This process has been industrialized successfully with large profits. The conventional mode of batch distillation is improved by this method effectively: the separation eficiency and the yield of product are increased greatly, the operation time is shortened and the production cost is cut down. Moreover, the amount of condensation water is decreased and the over-high reboiler temperature is lowered.     

HYDRODYNAMIC STUDIES IN FISCHER-TROPSCH DERIVED WAXES IN A BUBBLE COLUMN

Gas hold-up and Sauter mean bubble diameter measurements were made in a 0.051 m diameter by 3 m long glass bubble column in the system, nitrogen-molten wax, with three different waxes (paraffin wax FT-300, Sasol's Arge wax and Mobil's reactor wax). Paraffin wax has a tendency to foam and gas hold-up is a strong function of gas distributor type, temperature and start-up procedure, whereas the reactor waxes do not foam and are much less affected by these variables, In experiments at 265°C with a 1.85 mm single hole orifice plate distributor the gas hold-ups were nearly the same for all three waxes. However, significant differences in Sauter mean bubble diameters were obtained in experiments with different waxes; FT-300 wax produced the smallest Sauter mean bubble diameters whereas Mobil's reactor wax produced the largest bubbles. Addition of 1-octadecanol and octadecanoic acid (up to 10wt%) to the FT-300 paraffin wax caused an increase in gas hold-up and a delay in the foam break-up in runs at 265°C with the 1.85 mm orifice plate distributor.     

Prediction of dispersed phase holdup in a modified multi‐stage bubble column scrubber

This paper reports on the experimental investigation carried out to evaluate fractional dispersed phase holdup for a gas‐liquid mixture in a modified multi‐stage bubble column (with contraction and expansion disks), which has been conceived, designed and fabricated as a wet scrubber for control of air pollution; in addition it has versatile use as a gas‐liquid contactor in chemical process industries. A correlation developed for predicting fractional dispersed phase holdup has been found to be encouraging and highly significant from statistical analysis.     

Membrane proteins: from sequence to structure

The prediction of protein structure from sequence has been along-standing goal of molecular biology. Integral membrane proteins,once abhorred by protein chemists and crystallographers becauseof their insolubility and stubborn refusal to yield good crystals,now appear to hold great promises for efficient structure predictionand engineering. This is mainly due to the constraints on permissiblestructures imposed by the lipid environment, and to the apparentuncoupling between an initial membrane targeting and insertionprocess which determines the overall topological arrangementof the transmembrane segments and a subsequent –condensation—of these segments into a unique folded state. Recent work suggeststhat the membrane insertion process is controlled by simplesequence elements composed of different combinations of longhydrophobic regions and flanking charged residues. In this reviewwe sketch the most unportant structural rules relating aminoacid sequence to membrane insertion to fully folded molecule,and their use for prediction and protein-engineering purposes.     

Low-complexity optimal spatial channel pairing for AF-based multi-pair two-way relay networks

This paper considers a multi-pair two-way relay system with multi-antenna users and proposes a low-complexity optimal spatial channel pairing （SCP） strategy at the relay station （RS） for such a system. The proposed SCP scheme, following the BD-like beamformer at RS, pairs the uplink spatial subchannels of each user pair with the corresponding downlink spatial subchannels by maximizing sum-rate （Max-SR）. Furthermore, a new mathematical inequality （arrangement inequalities of a product） is developed and applied to obtain sufficient and necessary conditions for achieving Max-SR-SCP. This also yields a simple low-complexity implementation of the proposed SCP in contrast to the NP-hard complexity of the original Max-SR-SCP problem. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed Max-SR-SCP achieves substantial sum-rate gains over other pairing schemes.     

气浮塔处理含油废水的研究

在实验研究的基础上，结合单级气浮技术和多级板式塔理论，开发出两级气浮塔处理含油废水的新工艺，实现了塔釜一次曝气、多级气浮的分离。实验研究了气浮塔板的流体力学性能、布气性能及操作条件对废水处理效率的影响，结果表明二级气浮塔处理效果很好，是一种具有良好应用前景的新型含油废水处理装置。     

煤间接液化技术及其发展状况

介绍了煤间接液化技术的特点,从其原理、工艺路线、关键技术及发展现状等方面对间接液化技术进行了详细的阐述,指出发展煤间接液化是解决我国油品短缺的根本途径。     

面向列的内存访问研究综述

在大规模、数据量密集的特定应用场景下,以行存储访问数据的方式弊端日益凸显,逐渐不能满足数据高速访问的性能需求,数据亟需更加高效的传输和处理方式.因此,拓展新的内存访问方式,并且同时兼容行、列方向的访问对提升访问效率、降低整体功耗、节省内存空间有着重要意义.本文围绕动态随机存储和非易失性存储两个方面来详细介绍实现列方向的内存访问方式,重点分析了存储单元的结构设计以及实现列向存储访问过程.最后,对内存两种不同访问方式进行了比较和总结,并且对行列访问的内存数据库、数据挖掘、数据加密算法、实时系统的应用场景进行了展望.     

多腔钢管混凝土分叉柱力学性能有限元分析

为研究异形截面多腔钢管混凝土分叉柱的力学性能及设计方法,以北京某超高层建筑异形截面多腔钢管混凝土巨型分叉柱为原型,在已进行的低周反复荷载试验基础上,对异形截面多腔钢管混凝土分叉柱抗震性能进行有限元分析,研究了不同构造措施、不同钢材及混凝土强度等级等参数对钢管混凝土分叉柱抗震性能的影响.结果表明:基于本文提出的有限元建模方法,所得有限元分析结果与试验结果吻合较好;适当增加腔体数,设置肋板、角钢和钢管能够有效提高异形截面钢管混凝土分叉柱抗震性能;在等用钢量下,增加腔体数量比增加钢板厚度能更有效地提高分叉柱抗震性能;不同材料强度对异形截面钢管混凝土分叉柱抗震性能有较大影响,在进行其抗震设计时,宜选用强度等级匹配的钢材与混凝土.     

轻钢构造柱填充墙的抗侧移性能试验分析

在砌筑填充墙中使用轻钢构造柱,符合绿色建筑发展方向,为研究轻钢构造柱填充墙的整体性力学性能,对轻钢构造柱片墙和混凝土构造柱片墙进行试验对比分析。试验表明,在相同外在条件下,轻钢构造柱片墙试验时墙体侧移发展较缓慢,较混凝土构造柱片墙具有较好的力学性能和抗震性能,由此可为轻钢构造柱在工程设计和实际应用中提供一些参考依据。