Super‐ and Ultrathin Organic Field‐Effect Transistors: from Flexibility to Super‐ and Ultraflexibility

Physically flexible electronics offer a wide range of benefits, including the development of next‐generation consumer electronics and healthcare products. The advancement of physical flexibility, typically achieved by the reduction of the total device thickness, including substrates and encapsulation layers, shows great promise for skin‐laminated electronics. Organic electronics—devices relying on carbon‐based materials—offer many advantages over their inorganic counterparts, including the following: significantly lower fabrication temperatures resulting in alternative fabrication techniques, including inkjet and roll‐to‐roll printing, enabling low‐cost and large‐area fabrication; biocompatibility; and spectacular physical flexibility. This article presents a review, spanning the last two decades, of organic field‐effect transistors with the total thickness of just a few microns as well as devices demonstrated in this decade with a total thickness of few hundred of nanometers. A handful of demonstrations of other organic electronic thin film devices are also presented.     

基于人工鱼群的中继卫星多用户检测方法

随着航天技术的发展,未来的中继卫星系统需要为多个用户航天器提供码分多址通信服务。因此需要采用多用户检测技术来抑制多个用户航天器信号之间的多址干扰。文中将人工鱼群优化算法引入到中继卫星系统多用户检测中,通过模拟人工鱼群觅食过程中的觅食行为、聚集行为以及尾随行为,利用人工鱼群的迭代优化,实现多址干扰的最小化。为加快人工鱼群算法的收敛速度,文中将解相关多用户检测的结果作为人工鱼群算法的迭代初值。结果表明,基于人工鱼群算法的多用户检测方法误码率在信噪比为10 dB时可以达到10 ^-6数量级,在误码率、远近效应以及用户容量等方面的性能优于传统的多用户检测方法。     

利用电致发光线的光学电压有效值传感器

利用电致发光(EL)线设计并实验研究了一种光学电压有效值传感器。所用EL线的主要材料为ZnS:Cu,在一定幅值的工频电压作用下,可产生中心波长约为525nm的可见光;将此EL用塑料光纤(POF)传输到光电探测器(PD),则PD的开路电压与被测电压有效值之间具有近似线性关系。对100～500V工频电压有效值进行了实验测量,其电压测量灵敏度约为10.8μV/V,非线性误差低于1.8%。实验测量了所用EL线的电致发光光谱、输入阻抗以及EL的温度特性。与以往基于Pockels电光效应的光学电压传感器不同的是,本文提出的电压传感器不需要工作光源,并具有结构简单、成本低等优点。     

pin硅波导在1550 nm波段的光电流雪崩增强效应实验研究

The photocurrent effect in pin silicon waveguides at 1550 nm wavelength is experimentally investigated. The photocurrent is mainly attributed to surface-state absorption,defect-state absorption and/or two-photon absorption.Experimental results show that the photocurrent is enhanced by the avalanche effect.A pin silicon waveguide with an intrinsic region width of 3.4μm and a length of 2000μm achieves a responsivity of 4.6 mA/W and an avalanche multiplication factor of about five.     

Grain Boundaries in Cu(In,Ga)Se2: A Review of Composition–Electronic Property Relationships by Atom Probe Tomography and Correlative Microscopy

Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ thin-film solar cells have attracted significant research interest in recent decades due to their high efficiency in converting solar energy into electricity for enabling a sustainable future. Although the Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ absorber can be grown as a single crystal, its polycrystalline form is dominating the market not only due to its lower costs, but also due to its unexpectedly higher cell efficiency. However, this absorber contains a high fraction of grain boundaries. These are structural defects where deep-trap states can be localized leading to an increase in recombination activity. This controversy is mirrored in the existing literature studies where two main contradictory believes exist: 1) to be crucial grain boundaries in Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ absorber are anomalous, being benign in terms of cell performance, and 2) grain boundaries are regions characterized by an increased recombination activity leading to deteriorated cell performance. Therefore, the present review tackles this issue from a novel perspective unraveling correlations between chemical composition of grain boundaries and their corresponding electronic properties. It is shown that features such as Cu depletion/In enrichment, segregation of 1-2at.% of alkali dopants, and passivation by a wide-bandgap or type inversion at grain boundaries are crucial ingredients for low open-circuit voltage loss and, hence, for superior cell performance.     

高温下TATB基钝感炸药爆轰波波阵面曲率效应实验研究

为了研究高温环境对钝感炸药爆轰波波阵面曲率效应的影响,采用高速扫描照相技术及电探针测速技术获取了高温60℃环境下TATB基钝感炸药三种直径药柱爆轰波拟定态爆轰波形状及波速。结果表明,TATB基钝感炸药在高温60℃下的拟定态爆轰波波速随着炸药直径基本呈现线性增长趋势,且相同直径的高温结果均低于常温结果。三种直径TATB基钝感炸药在高温60℃下的拟定态波阵面形状较常温结果更为陡峭。采用遗传算法对三种直径炸药的实验结果进行拟合计算,获得了TATB基钝感炸药高温曲率效应D_n(κ)关系参数。采用DSD(Detonation Shock Dynamics)方法对三种直径炸药的爆轰波非理想传播过程进行了模拟,计算结果与实验结果吻合较好。     

基于STM32的在线绝缘监测装置的设计

针对直流电源系统绝缘状况监测不全的问题,提出了基于组合桥的在线绝缘检测方法,以STM32微处理器为核心,设计了硬件构架和软件构架,研制了在线式绝缘监测装置,在满足系统接地和绝缘降低的绝缘状况监测的基础上,实现了交流窜入、直流互窜、电容测量、绝缘预警、母线对地电压补偿和装置自检等功能,现场运行表明了其可行性和有效性。     

一种复合燃烧剂的设计研究

采用“燃烧序列”原理设计了一种复合燃烧剂，研究其静态和动态条件下点燃特性及其燃烧性能。试验结果表明，该复合燃烧剂点燃性能好，燃烧温度可达3298℃，持续燃烧13～14min，能够形成较好的高温纵火效果，可作为高效燃烧弹装药使用。     

Experimental Study on the Small Flyer Initiating Behavior of Fine-grained Explosives

The initiating behavior of fine-grained explosives by small flyer is studied. The diameter of small flyer in this device is 1 ram. The test results indicate that the granularity of explosives has great effect on its flyer initiating sensitivity.The flyer initiating sensitivity of the fine-grained explosives is higher and the critical initiating energy is lower than that of common explosives. For common explosive, the flyer initiating sensitivity increases as the density is reduced. But for the fine-grained explosive, the test results are exactly opposite.