Modelling of Al2O3 Powder Compaction with Hot Pressing in a Rigid Die

Computer modelling of hot pressing is provided. Kinetics are described for compaction during hot pressing in a rigid die, and the change in density distribution, irreversible solid phase strain accumulation, and equivalent stresses are studied by means of the finite element method. Shrinkage during the preparation of complex-shaped articles by hot pressing pure Al₂O₃ powder in a graphite die without a protective atmosphere and the physicomechanical properties of the finished article are studied. Calculated and experimental results agree satisfactorily.     

Net shape formation of sub-micron alumina with reduced flaws by high-speed centrifugal compaction process

A new compacting method for powder materials is presented. High-Speed Centrifugal Compaction Process (HCP) utilizes centrifugal force of about 10,000 g for the compaction. HCP is suitable for net shape compaction of fine sub-micron and nano-powders. HCP possesses a unique compacting mechanism that is different from other colloidal processes including Pressure Casting (PC), and has a number of useful characteristics. HCP has a higher compacting speed than PC, wide applicability for net shape formation, as well as a defect removing function. Because of homogeneous and flawless green microstructure, HCP alumina shows superior sinterability and higher strength and hardness than most of other aluminas. This article is based on a presentation made in the symposium “The 3rd KIM-JIM Joint Symposium on Advanced Powder Materials“, held at Korea University, Seoul, Korea, October 26–27, 2001 under auspices of The Korean Institute of Metals and Materials and The Japan Institute of Metals.     

Solid phase compaction of polymeric powders: effects of compaction conditions on pressure and density variations

In a recent communication it was shown that the pressure losses during the solid phase compaction of a polymeric powder could be predicted from a simple relationship of the form:

$\text{P}{}_2\text{P}{}_1\text{=(K)}{}^{\mathrm{<mtext>h</mtext><mtext>d</mtext>}}$

where $\text{h}\text{D}$ is a function of the geometry of the compact. This has now been explored in more detail and it has been found that for PVdC and PVC the factor K is dependent on the rate of compaction and the die surface finish but is independent of compaction pressure and die diameter. To illustrate the effect of the pressure losses on the structural uniformity of the compacts, microhardness measurements were taken at a large number of points across a section of each sample. A computer plot of hardness contours provided a picture of the homogeneity of the sample which could be related to the compaction conditions and average density of the compact.     

Comparison of various modeling methods for analysis of powder compaction in roller press

Recently used models relating basic properties of the feed material, roller press design and its operating parameters are reviewed. In particular, we discuss the rolling theory for granular solids proposed by J.R. Johanson in the 1960s, later trials utilizing slab method and newly developed final element models. These methods are compared in terms of efficiency and accuracy of predicting the course of basic process variables like nip angle, pressure distribution in roll nip region, neutral angle, roll torque and roll force.

The finite element method offers the most versatile approach because it incorporates adequate information about powder behavior, geometry and frictional conditions. This enables to perform realistic computer experiments minimizing costs, time and resources needed for process and equipment optimization.     

对辊式造粒机在复混肥生产中的应用

对辊式造粒机生产粒状 ( 5 .5 m m)复混肥的原理及特点 :过程无温升 ,不需干燥 ,故采用原料广泛 ;该机可用含硝态氮的氮肥生产喜硝态氮的的作物专用肥 ;还可生产颗粒磷肥及颗粒碳铵。该机的主要消耗为对辊外壳 ,一对对辊外壳价值 80 0 0元 ,可生产 30 0 0 t肥料 ,每吨肥料的设备机物料损耗约 3元     

Combustion and structure formation in the Ti-Ta-C-Ca<Subscript>3</Subscript>(PO<Subscript>4</Subscript>)<Subscript>2</Subscript> system

Biocompatible composites (Ti, Ta)C _x + Ca₃(PO₄)₂ for deposition of nanofilms onto load-bearing implants by ion-plasma sputtering were prepared from Ti + Ta + C + Ca₃(PO₄)₂ mixtures by forced SHS compaction. The effect of Ta + C addition to green mixtures (characterized by parameter z) on the structure/phase formation in combustion products was explored. The addition of tantalum and carbon was found to have little or no influence on the burning velocity U and combustion temperature T _c. Two thermal spikes exhibited by thermograms were associated with the occurrence of two consecutive reactions leading to formation of titanium and tantalum carbides. With increasing z, the grain size of (Ti, Ta)C was found to diminish, its relative density to decrease, while the hardness to markedly grow.      

高能级强夯在湿陷性黄土地区的应用

根据8000、12000kN·m高能级强夯大面积处理地基加固的综合检测试验数据,结合室内试验数据及黄土地区的特殊性,得到了高能级强夯在黄土地区的有效加固深度、湿陷性处理效果;分析了高能级强夯处理湿陷性黄土的加固效果、加固深度及能级变化对地基处理效果的影响。结果表明：该研究为进一步分析高能级强夯的加固机理,尤其在湿陷性黄土地区的加固机理提供了依据,也为高能级强夯的大面积设计、施工和检测提供了优化数据。     

掺再生集料的水泥稳定碎石路面基层施工与应用

对废弃混凝土进行循环再利用,可以减小废弃混凝土对城市环境带来的负担,是发展绿色混凝土的主要措施之一.再生集料与天然集料相比有着其特殊的物理力学特性.针对由废弃水泥路面混凝土破碎而成的再生集料用于水泥稳定碎石基层,对其生产、施工、养护过程进行了分析.对于再生集料外观不平整、比表面积大的特性,采用振动压实的工艺能取得比较好的摊铺效果;但是碾压遍数、含水量、养护等方面的差异对水泥稳定碎石的影响非常大;合理的级配和水泥剂量对水泥稳定碎石抗裂性能有较大的影响.     

静压挤密桩在湿险性黄土地基处理中的应用

为了解决水泥土挤密桩施工过程中噪音过大的问题,提出了地基处理的静压挤密桩施工法,并结合工程实际测试了静压挤密桩在湿险性黄土地基处理中应用的效果.测试结果表明,该方法在施工时噪音较小,施工速度高,满足设计要求,此为该地基处理方法的应用和推广提供了依据.     

盐渍化软弱土地基处治措施对比分析

为了综合提高西北地区盐渍化软弱土地段公路地基处理的工程质量,以嘉—安一级公路盐渍化软弱土地段的地基处治项目为工程依托,通过MARC有限元数值计算分析、现场实际监测数据结果以及地基处治措施的社会经济效果评价,研究了适用于西北盐渍化软弱土地基处治的合理措施.结果表明,在处理该特殊土地基时,水泥粉喷桩、强夯置换、振动沉管挤密砂石桩都符合规范要求;从处治效果上来看,后两者的效果要优于水泥粉喷桩,振动沉管挤密砂石桩的效果最好;从社会经济效益评价结果来看,强夯置换在处理盐渍化软弱土地基时的费用最低,最省时,经济效果明显.