燃气管网动态仿真的研究及应用

研究和了解燃气在管道中的流动，是进行燃气管网系统优化和提高管网输运系统安全性的前提和基础。以流体力学三大守恒方程为基础，建立了等温和非等温条件下的燃气管网稳态和动态仿真理论模型。以有限差分法为基础，得到了上述模型的求解方法，并加入了耗散项，提高了求解方法的稳定性。通过增加初始点和延长出口点的方法，简化了模型的求解。通过在北京六环天然气管网中的初步应用，分别得到了与实际值综合相对误差为1.21％和2.62％的压力和流量仿真值，从而验证了模型及求解方法的可靠性。     

Effect of modified atmosphere packaging on the shelf-life of coated, whole and sliced mushrooms

Whole and sliced fresh mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) were packaged with PVC wrap or two polyolefins (PD-941 and PD-961) films after coating with CaCl₂ and chitosan. Package gas composition, color, weight loss and maturity were measured during storage at 12 °C and 80%RH. For PD-961, the highest in-package concentration occurred during the first day of storage regardless of treatments, while wrap and PD-941 showed varying degrees in-package concentration with different processes and coatings. The whiteness of whole mushrooms varied significantly with the type of coating, but not with the type of films. The extent of darkening was greater in coated whole mushrooms than in sliced ones. Weight loss occurred in all packages and varied from 3 (g/100 g) to about 7 (g/100 g) after 6 days of storage. Due to a lower permeability, PD-961 packages had the lowest weight loss. The type of packaging films significantly affected the maturity index, where PD-961 most effectively lowered maturity index for both whole and sliced mushrooms, thus extending the shelf-life. The type of coating did not appear to affect maturity index except for the wrap package where chitosan coating markedly lowered the maturity index of sliced mushrooms.     

2.4GHz动态CMOS分频器的设计

对现阶段的主流高速CMOS分频器进行分析和比较,在此基础上设计一种采用TSPC(truesingle phase clock)和E-TSPC(extended TSPC)技术的前置双模分频器电路.该分频器大大提高了工作频率,采用0.6μm CMOS工艺参数进行仿真的结果表明,在5V电源电压下,最高频率达到3GHz,功耗仅为8mW.     

等离子体刻蚀工艺控制模型分析

讨论了主因素分析法以及神经网络法在等离子体刻蚀工艺中的应用.结果表明主元素分析法可以实现对数据的压缩,而神经网络算法则显示出比传统的统计过程控制算法更好的准确性.     

Biotransformation of l‐menthol by twelve isolates of soil‐borne plant pathogenic fungi (Rhizoctonia solani) and classification of fungi

The microbial transformation of l‐menthol ( 1 ) was investigated by using 12 isolates of soil‐borne plant pathogenic fungi, Rhizoctonia solani (AG‐1‐IA Rs24, Joichi‐2, RRG97‐1; AG‐1‐IB TR22, R147, 110.4; AG‐1‐IC F‐1, F‐4, P‐1; AG‐1‐ID RCP‐1, RCP‐3, and RCP‐7) as a biocatalyst. Rhizoctonia solani F‐1, F‐4 and P‐1 showed 89.7–99.9% yields of converted product from 1 , RCP‐1, RCP‐3, and RCP‐7 26.0–26.9% and the other isolates 0.1–12.0%. In the cases of F‐1, F‐4 and P‐1, substrate 1 was converted to (?)‐(1S,3R,4S,6S)‐6‐hydroxymenthol ( 2 ), (?)‐(1S,3R,4S)‐1‐hydroxymenthol ( 3 ) and (+)‐(1S,3R,4R,6S)‐6,8‐dihydroxymenthol ( 4 ), which was a new compound. Substrate 1 was converted to 2 and/or 3 by RRG97‐1, 110.4, RCP‐1, RCP‐3 and RCP‐7. The structures of the metabolic products were elucidated on the basis of their spectral data. In addition, metabolic pathways of the biotransformation of 1 by Rhizoctonia solani are discussed. Finally, from the main component analysis and the differences in the yields of converted product from 1 , the 12 isolates of Rhizoctonia solani were divided into three groups based on an analysis of the metabolites. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

Poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)—C70 complexes in aqueous solutions

Aqueous solutions of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)-fullerene complexes (PVP-C₇₀) have been studied using static and dynamic light scattering methods. Two diffusive processes were detected. The slow diffusion was interpreted as dynamics of large intermolecular PVP-C₇₀ complexes while the fast diffusion was associated with the presence of individual PVP molecules in solution. It was also shown that the molecular weights and dimensions of PVP-C₇₀ complexes are smaller than for PVP-C₆₀ by a factor of 2.5-3. In aqueous solutions of PVP-C₇₀ complex the depolarization and dissymmetry of scattered light were observed in contrast to PVP-C₆₀ solutions. It reveals the existence of anisotropic structures in PVP-C₇₀ solutions. Intermolecular interactions within PVP-C₇₀ complexes are weak and a hydrodynamic field can destroy complexes.     

嵌人式与独立存储器设计上的差异分析和研究

进入21世纪,随着集成电路的发展,SoC(System on Chip)片上系统应运而生。而作为SoC重要组成部分的嵌入式存储器,在SoC中所占的比重正逐步增加,并起着越来越重要的作用,那么嵌入式存储器与独立的存储器芯片在设计上存在着哪些差异?对此本文将以NOR型闪存为例在制造工艺的选取、衍生产品的设计、功耗与噪声、后端功能仿真、测试与修复等方面进行分析和研究。     

宽带综合IP网的MPLS技术及其应用

多协议标记交换（MPLS）技术是综合利用网络第二层交换技术的有效性和第三层IP路由的灵活性等优点而产生的多层交换技术。通过在传统的IP包里加入标记，使路由转发依赖于标记，大大地提高IP包的转发速度，同时可使传统IP网络具有服务质量（QoS）能力。现主要分析MPLS体系结构，指出MPLS的一些应用。     

WAVE INTERACTION WITH PERFORATED CAISSON BREAKWATERS

The reflection coefficient of perforated caissons and the total horizontal forces acting on them were experimentally and numerically analyzed and discussed when wave propagates normally. To consider the viscosity effect of fluid and nonlinear action of waves on structures, the VOF (Volume Of Fluid) method combined with the k-ε turbulence model was used to simulate the interaction between waves and structures. Governing equations were solved with the finite difference method. Through 2D experimental study in the wave flume, the empirical relationship between the reflection coefficient of perforated caissons and the main affecting factors were obtained from the experimental data using the least square method. Also the correlation between the ratio of the total horizontal force acting on perforated caisson and the force acting on solid caisson and the main affecting factors were regressed from the experimental data.     

热镀锌板(卷)工程设计中的环境保护问题

对热镀锌板(卷)的生产工艺、主要生产设备进行了简要介绍，并就其污染源(工序)、生产过程中产生的污染物及其控制措施进行了评述，同时就设计和生产中宜注意的几个环保问题进行了分析。