Equations for Thermal Conductivity of Natural Refrigerants

Experimental results for the thermal conductivity of ammonia, propane, butane, isobutane, and propylene are reviewed, with special attention given to the liquid phase. New equations for the thermal conductivity of these five substances applicable for practical use over wide ranges of temperature and pressure including the critical region are proposed based on the experimental data. The present equations as well as the existing equations are compared with the experimental data. Compared with existing equations for ammonia, isobutane, and propylene, which are not reliable in the liquid phase, the behavior of the thermal conductivity for these substances is much improved using the present equations.     

Fractal characteristics of electric properties of coal

In the light of fractal geometry theory, the characteristics of coal＇s electric parameters （including dielectric constant, alternating conductivity, dielectric loss angle tangent and electric polarization constant） were studied by using literature data. The results are shown that the electrical properties of coal have fractal characteristic. The fractal dimensions of dielectric, alternating conductivity, dielectric loss angle tangent were obtained, and are relative to the content of pyrite sulfur, heat and ash content of coal.     

Al4B2O9纳米棒改性制备优异综合性能的固体聚合物电解质

随着储能设备和电力驱动产品的激增,特别是电动汽车的大规模推广应用,全固态电池被认为是最有可能解决电动设备日益严峻的安全问题和高能量密度需求的策略之一.本文报道了一种Al4B2O9纳米棒改性的聚环氧乙烷(PEO)基固体聚合物电解质(ASPE),其具有高离子电导率、宽电化学窗口、良好的机械性能和阻燃性能.具体来说,因为Al...     

高温电加热下电阻率与导热系数随温度变化的传热过程模拟

高温、电加热条件下电阻率与导热系数随温度变化明显,因此研究在此条件下的热传导具有十分重要的意义.运用MATLAB中的PDE工具箱,对高温条件下,几种不同材料的发热导体电加热过程中导热系数、电导率变化所引起的导热等问题进行了数值求解.结果表明:当发热导体半径R＞5 cm时,温度的变化对发热导体的导热系数和电导率影响显著.     

Al掺杂对锰酸锂结构与性能的影响

采用固相法合成了Al掺杂的尖晶石LiAlxMn2-xO4(x=0～0.4).通过X射线衍射对LiAlxMn2-xO4的物相进行了研究,并探讨了Al掺杂对材料的充放电性能和电子电导率的影响.合成的LiAlxMn2-xO4均为纯尖晶石相.随着Al的掺入,LiAlxMn2-xO4的充放电循环性能得到改善,Al含量越高,循环过程中的容量衰减越小.电子电导率测试结果表明:掺杂Al后,降低了材料的电子电导率,这与Al的掺入降低了晶体中电子的离域作用有关.     

舰艇水下腐蚀静电场计算及影响因素仿真分析

为了进一步分析影响舰船电场的不同因素,提高舰艇水下静电场仿真分析中电偶极子建模方法的准确性,研究产生舰艇水下腐蚀静电场的腐蚀电化学原理和特性,从腐蚀电流密度的角度推导船体-螺旋桨电偶腐蚀电流表达式,并利用镜像法求解出了空气海水二层模型下水平和垂直电偶极子电场解析式。建立基于舰艇腐蚀电流电偶极子的电场解析模型,在此基础上利用数值仿真对一中型舰艇水下50 m测线上的电场进行分析。结果表明:在设定变化范围内,船体腐蚀电位、螺旋桨腐蚀电位、船体浸水面积、螺旋桨浸水面积、海水温度、海水电导率对舰艇水下腐蚀静电场的影响程度分别约为29%、23%、53%、82%、30%和67%。仿真结果和电场解析模型可以为进一步研究舰艇水下腐蚀静电场特征及防护方法提供有力的理论支撑。     

Effects of vacancy structural defects on the thermal conductivity of silicon thin films

Vacancy structural defect effects on the lattice thermal conductivity of silicon thin films have been investigated with non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulation.The lattice thermal conductivities decrease with increasing vacancy concentration at all temperatures from 300 to 700 K.Vacancy defects decrease the sample thermal conductivity,and the temperature dependence of thermal conductivity becomes less significant as the temperature increases.The molecular dynamics result is in good agreement with the theoretical analysis values obtained based on the Boltzmann equation.In addition,theoretical analysis indicates that the reduction in the lattice thermal conductivity with vacancy defects can be explained by the enhanced point-defect scattering due to lattice strain.     

石墨烯基导热薄膜的研究进展

随着现代技术的发展,散热和导热已成为制约芯片器件小型化和大功率制造业发展的关键问题之一。由于传统的金属导热材料存在密度大和易氧化等问题,近年来以石墨烯基材料为代表的非金属碳基材料逐渐成为国内外的研究热点。本文综述了近年国内外石墨烯导热薄膜的制备方法及最新研究成果,分析讨论了热处理工艺、晶粒尺寸、薄膜密度及杂质原子和缺陷等对石墨烯导热薄膜性能的影响和物理机理,并对该领域的发展趋势进行了展望。     

快速凝固高强度高导电Cu-Cr合金的组织和性能

采用单辊快速凝固方法获得了Ｃｕ－０．８Ｃｒ微晶合金,对淬态及时效处理后合金的 导电性及显微硬度进行了系统研究。研究结果表明：快速凝固Ｃｕ－０．８Ｃｒ合金经适当的时效 处理,可以在保持高导电率的前提下,大幅度提高合金的硬度。在５００℃时效３０ｍｉｎ,导电率 为８２％ ＩＡＣＳ,显微硬度为HＶ１８５。     

全氢罩式退火炉退火热过程的研究(Ⅱ)——对流换热系数和钢卷径向等效导热系数的分析

介绍影响全氢罩式退火炉内换热的两个重要参数——对流换热系数和钢卷径向等效导热系数,详尽分析了两个参数的影响因素,并对比了氮气和氢气气氛下两参数的不同,从而在机理上阐明了全氢罩式炉相对传统混氢罩式炉的优越性,为优化炉内换热提供了理论的依据.