河库联合调度预报技术探析

贺江流域"2013.8"暴雨洪水期间,通过准确入库洪水预报,以贺江下游重要城镇安全泄洪量为控制,科学合理利用合面狮水库成功进行调蓄错峰,取得良好的防洪效果,分析了开展河库联合调度预报的技术路线及方法,为广泛开展河库联合调度预报服务提供参考及借鉴。     

半自由状态下的风幕集尘风机的短路流场及应用

为解决煤矿生产中粉尘的严重危害,研制了一种新型通风机－－风幕集尘风机。介绍了其构造及在煤矿中的应用,提出了短路流场理论。半自由状态下的短路流场是平行平面流、环形紊流射流及汇流叠加而成。通过流场叠加原理,建立了流场数学模型,为煤矿综掘及相关的粉尘治理工程增加了一项新的技术与新型产品。     

基于GIS的LL-Ⅱ分布式降雨径流模型的结构

主要讨论了LILAN—Ⅱ分布水文模型的结构。该模型结构是为水文过程模拟和预报而设计的，它提出了变动生态产流模式，耦舍了一维坡面流、一维壤中流、一维地下水流、一维河川径流和二维土壤含水量方程组。通过实际检验，该模型能够明显改善模拟预报精度、增强数值计算稳定性、提高参数优选的运行速度和减少存储空间，能够适合不同水文特征地区的产汇流计算，可以提供流域内任意空间网格的水文计算过程。     

感潮河段交汇区水流特性数值模拟 --以宁波三江口为例

河流交汇为城市的发展提供了便利,对区域防洪、航运及河道演变影响重大。针对感潮河段交汇区域特有的非恒定往复流条件,以宁波三江口为例,运用Delft-3D建立二维水动力数学模型。基于实测水文和地形资料,引入四种评估参数对模型进行了率定与验证。重点分析了洪、枯两季涨、落急时刻,交汇区流速分布及水面形态等水流特性。结果表明:涨潮时,交汇区流场可类比分叉水流;落潮时,则为交汇水流;交汇区顶点及左支入汇侧下游存在两个低流速区,并可形成分离区;汇流区流速整体呈落潮大于涨潮的趋势,洪、枯季间最大流速相近。此外,涨、落急时刻典型特征断面水面呈单一横比降,且落急时刻比降明显大于涨急时刻;落急时,交汇口水面呈混合层附近高,两侧低的"马鞍形"分布。     

冻土水文地质学研究进展

冻土水文地质学主要研究冻土区水分要素的时空分布和运动规律及其与冻土间的相互作用。在微观上,冻结温度、未冻水含量以及孔隙水压力等冻土层独有的水热参数决定了冻土的结构和物理力学性质,同时影响了冻土层的冻融过程。而宏观上,冻土层的存在改变了常规的地表径流和水系模式,地下水的循环系统也由于冻土层的季节性冻融发生了根本变化,形成了冻土区独特的水文地质条件。从微观和宏观两种角度系统归纳与总结国内外冻土水文地质学研究进展,并分析包括地球物理技术、水化学、冻土水文模型在内的技术方法,同时对高寒区特有的地下水溢流冰、融雪入渗和冻土保墒现象的研究成果进行总结与分析。冻土水文的发展趋势应在积累研究数据和技术方法的基础上进一步探索产汇流过程机理,并建立更完善的冻土水文物理模型,定量分析冻土与水资源之间的相互作用。     

Compositional State Space Reduction Using Untangled Actions

We propose a compositional technique for efficient verification of networks of parallel processes. It is based on an automatic analysis of LTSs of individual processes (using a failure-based equivalence which preserves divergences) that determines their sets of “conflict-free” actions, called untangled actions. Untangled actions are compositional, i.e. synchronisation on untangled actions will not destroy their “conflict-freedom”. For networks of processes, using global untangled actions derived from local ones, efficient reduction algorithms have been devised for systems with a large number of small processes running in parallel.     

风管优化布置的指标与软件开发探讨

提出了风管合流数和系统经济数的概念。认为这两个量化指标 ,既可以方便地判别一个空调风管系统的几种布置方式中哪一个最优 ,也为开发可自动进行风管优化布置的计算绘图一体化软件提供了可能。     

Simulation of Non-Point Pollutants Evolution in Coastal Plain Island-A Case Study of Chongming Island

The coastal plain region usually shows the agricultural dominated industry mode, so more and more attention is paid to non-point pollutants discharge. In this study, the method for assessing the influence of non-point pollutants discharge on river water quality is probed which is concluded as follows： （1） Considering the costal plain island is characterized as nearly even elevation, the conventional gravitational runoff confluence method based on eight-point gravitational flowing directions （DS） is unable to compute the runoff confluence received by the surrounding rivers, so a new method of triangular confluence based on three-points of grid center and the river segments is presented. Further the equations of non-point pollutants loads estimation and non-point pollutants confluence on rivers are presented. （2） The integration mode of non-point pollutants model and river water quality model is presented so as to further assess the non-point pollutants contribution to river water quality. （3） With the Chongming Island, the third largest island in China, as an example, the above-mentioned equations are specified. For this island, the non-point pollutants loads are estimated and linked to the developed water quality model of the river network in the island, and further the non-point pollution evolution in river network is simulated. In this scenario, the non-point pollution contribution to river water quality over the whole island is clearly displayed, and the area where the river water quality is seriously influenced by non-point pollutants discharge is distinctly depicted. This scenario also shows the water quality contribution ratio of non-point pollution to point pollution can be in the range of 55.5% to 44.5% which proves the importance of non-point pollution control in costal plain islands.     

NONLINEAR DYNAMICAL ANALYSIS OF BIFURCATION AND CONFLUENCE OF THE PACIFIC WESTERN BOUNDARY CURRENTS

In this paper, we analyze the bifurcation and the confluence of the Pacific western boundary currents by an analytical approach. Applying the conservation law, the geostrophic balance relation and the Bernoulli integral to a reduced gravity model, we get a quantitative relation for the outflow and the inflow, and establish the related formulae for the width and the veering angle of offshore currents under the inflow condition. Furthermore, a comparison between the volume transport based on the observation data and the analytical value for the Pacific western boundary currents is presented, which validates the theoretical analysis.