水流含沙量和流速对水轮机磨蚀性能的影响

水流含沙量和流速是影响水轮机磨蚀性能的非常重要的两大因素,其影响规律对水轮机磨蚀的防治有很重要的理论意义和参考价值.采用黄河原型沙,通过试验研究不同泥沙含量和不同水流流速条件下水轮机材料的磨蚀外貌、磨蚀失重量和磨蚀失重率.通过对试验结果进行定性和定量分析,得到水轮机磨蚀与水流含沙量、磨蚀与水流流速之间的关系,并得到数学回归式,找出水轮机磨蚀的基本规律,为多泥沙河流水轮机的参数选择与磨蚀防治提供了依据.     

基于感兴趣区域的可变频CCD实时处理系统

为满足航空摄影测量需求,设计了基于感兴趣区域的可变频CCD实时处理系统。该系统主要由CCD控制模块、数据实时处理模块和显示模块组成。系统充分利用FPGA内部资源,改变了传统FPGA配合微处理器的实现方式,相关算法和时序逻辑控制均在一片FPGA内实现并通过验证,可广泛适用于任何分辨率CCD的智能实时处理。     

基于FPGA的高帧频面阵CCD驱动控制设计

针对面阵CCD KAI-1020在高帧频工作模式下的驱动要求,以FPGA作为控制单元及时序发生器,完成CCD高帧频工作模式下的硬件及软件设计,仿真验证了驱动时序的正确性,完成了硬件电路的调试与试验。成像实验表明,该设计满足了CCD KAI-1020在双端口输出模式下成像的各种驱动控制功能,图像分辨率为1 000×1 000,帧频达到48 f/s。     

An empirical analysis of heuristics for solving the two-machine flow shop problem with job release times

The theoretical analysis of heuristics for solving intractable optimization problems has many well-known drawbacks. Constructed instances demonstrating an exceptionally poor worst-case performance of heuristics are typically too peculiar to occur in practice. Theoretical results on the average-case performance of most heuristics could not be established due to the difficulty with the use of probabilistic analysis. Moreover, the heuristics for which some type of asymptotic optimality has been proven are likely to perform questionably in practice. The purpose of this paper is to confront known theoretical results with our empirical results concerning heuristics for solving the strongly NP-hard problem of minimizing the makespan in a two-machine flow shop with job release times. The heuristics' performance is examined with respect to their average and maximum relative errors, as well as their optimality rate, that is, the probability of being optimal. In particular, this allows us to observe that the asymptotic optimality rate of so called “almost surely asymptotically optimal” heuristic can be zero. We also present a new heuristic with short worst-case running time and statistically prove that it outperforms all heuristics known so far. However, our empirical experiments reveal that the heuristic is on average slower that its competitors with much longer worst-case running times.     

Physiological responses to simulated firefighter exercise protocols in varying environments

For decades, research to quantify the effects of firefighting activities and personal protective equipment on physiology and biomechanics has been conducted in a variety of testing environments. It is unknown if these different environments provide similar information and comparable responses. A novel Firefighting Activities Station, which simulates four common fireground tasks, is presented for use with an environmental chamber in a controlled laboratory setting. Nineteen firefighters completed three different exercise protocols following common research practices. Simulated firefighting activities conducted in an environmental chamber or live-fire structures elicited similar physiological responses (max heart rate: 190.1 vs 188.0 bpm, core temperature response: 0.047°C/min vs 0.043°C/min) and accelerometry counts. However, the response to a treadmill protocol commonly used in laboratory settings resulted in significantly lower heart rate (178.4 vs 188.0 bpm), core temperature response (0.037°C/min vs 0.043°C/min) and physical activity counts compared with firefighting activities in the burn building.

Practitioner Summary: We introduce a new approach for simulating realistic firefighting activities in a controlled laboratory environment for ergonomics assessment of fire service equipment and personnel. Physiological responses to this proposed protocol more closely replicate those from live-fire activities than a traditional treadmill protocol and are simple to replicate and standardise.     

适应新形势的大城市停车需求预测方法

目前我国已探讨出多种停车需求预测方法,这些方法的前提条件和适用范围各有不同,并且我国大城市交通形势又出现了小汽车进入家庭速度加快,交通拥堵日益突出,轨道交通建设进入黄金时代等新的情况。针对这些新形式,提出了宏观和中观停车需求预测方法,宏观层次为考虑车辆出行吸引和车辆使用率的总体停车需求预测,弥补了以往未考虑未出行车辆停车需求的不足;中观层面为考虑公交可达性和多种性质建筑综合开发共享停车需求预测,可减少配建停车泊位,提高停车泊位利用率。进行实例分析,丰富和扩展了交通规划模型技术,为我国大城市开展停车交通研究提供参考。     

机织物折皱变形量值理论计算分析

基于圆形截面纱线的平纹织物模型,依据几何学,推导出平纹织物折皱弯曲变形计算方程,提出表征织物松紧结构的新指标——织物密度放松值γ．通过数值计算表明,织物折皱变形与织物密度放松值γ呈线性递减的关系,且挤紧结构状态的平纹织物的纱线最外层最大变形率达到40．75％．     

基于行业视角的FDI对人民币实际汇率的影响研究

本文选取1997-2008年间的行业数据,运用偏最小二乘法分析各行业外商直接投资FDI流入对人民币实际汇率的影响。实证分析结果认为:FDI的流入是导致人民币升值的原因,大部分行业的FDI都会引起人民币实际汇率升值,但影响程度不同,而农、林、牧、渔业和建筑业FDI则会引起人民币实际汇率贬值。因此需要制定行之有效的政策以改善我国FDI的行业结构。     

利率随机时的跳跃扩散过程的期权定价模型

假定股票价格的跳过程为一般的计数过程,建立了股票价格服从跳扩散过程的行为模型。运用随机分析中的鞅方法,讨论了当利率为随机变量时的期权定价问题,推导出了利率随机时欧式买权与卖权的定价公式以及平价关系,推广了已有的结果。