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991.
浅谈施工阶段的工程造价管理 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
就施工单位如何把工程造价的发生控制在合理的范围和核定的造价限额以内,从工程承包实行招投标制、缩短工期、重视现场签证和索赔工作等方面进行了阐述,以达到节约投资,提高经济效益目的。 相似文献
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ZHAN Xiao guoSenior engineer Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute Changjiang Water Resources Commission Wuhan China 《人民长江》2002,(Z1)
1 SpatialDataWarehouse1.1 FunctionsofSpatialDataWarehouseInordertomeettherequirementtospatialdata ,thedataderivedfromdifferentsubjectsaregroupedinuniformformatsaccordingtothethemesthatuserscareabout.Thespecialmodelsareestablishedtoprocessthedatainthevie… 相似文献
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Comparative adsorption and precipitation squeezes carried out on field core materials demonstrate that significant lifetime enhancement is achievable for precipitation squeeze with respect to more conventional adsorption squeeze. Coreflood tests have been carried out under reservoir conditions (135°C) employing a poly-phosphinocarboxylate (PPCA) as the scales inhibitor. Field treatment simulations, carried out starting from coreflood data and considering the characteristics of a North Sea formation taken as the reference, confirmed the higher performance, in term of squeeze lifetime, of the precipitation squeeze with respect to adsorption. The results pointed out the importance of choosing the appropriate formulation once the operative conditions are known, in order to promote the inhibitor precipitation into the formation. Some implications of these results for the optimization of the precipitation squeeze technology for field applications, with particular emphasis to formation damage, are also discussed. 相似文献
999.
Sheng-Guo Wang Author Vitae 《Automatica》2003,39(3):525-532
This paper presents a general analysis of robust pole clustering in a good ride quality region (GRQR) of aircraft for matrices with structured uncertainties. This region is an intersection of a ring and a horizontal strip, located in the left half-plane, which is a specific non-Ω-transformable region providing good ride quality of aircraft. The paper applies the Rayleigh principle along the norm theory to analyze robust pole clustering within this region since the generalized Lyapunov theory is not valid for non-Ω-transformable regions. Concerned uncertainties are structured/parametric uncertainties, including interval matrices. The results are useful for robust control analysis and design, especially, of robust good ride quality of aircraft, shuttles, vehicles and space station, as well as some industrial systems. An example of the F-16 dynamics for which GRQR is suitable is included to illustrate the results. 相似文献
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Marco A. Arteaga Author Vitae 《Automatica》2003,39(1):67-73
Most adaptive control schemes for rigid robots assume velocities measurements to be available. Although it is possible to measure velocities by using tachometers, this increases costs and the signals delivered may be contaminated with noise. Since the use of encoders allows to read joint position pretty accurately, it is desirable to estimate joint velocities through an observer. This paper presents an adaptive scheme designed in conjunction with a linear observer. Boundedness of the estimated parameters and uniform ultimate boundedness for the tracking and observation errors are guaranteed. Experimental results are included to support the developed theory. 相似文献