Creep rupture properties of homopolymer,copolymer, and terpolymer based on poly(oxymethylene)

Polyacetal copolymers were prepared by cationic ring‐opening copolymerizations of 1,3,5‐trioxane (TOX) with 1,3‐dioxolane (DOX), and polyacetal terpolymers were prepared by terpolymerizations of TOX, DOX, and 2‐ethylhexyl glycidyl ether (EHGE). Polyacetal polymers with three different structures such as polyacetal homopolymers, polyacetal copolymers, and polyacetal terpolymers were compared in the mechanical properties and the creep characteristics, and discussed from the view point of the polymer structure. The polyacetal copolymers and the polyacetal terpolymers were determined by ¹H‐MNR measurement. About 80 mol % of DOX and EHGE amounts in feed were incorporated randomly into the each polymer. From the plots of the degree of crystallinity (X_c) versus the tensile strength, the tensile strength and crystallintiy of the polyacetal homopoymers are higher than those of the polyacetal copolymers and the polyacetal terpolymers. However, the tensile strength does not decrease linearly with a decrease in the crystallinity among the polyacetal polymers with three different structures, the polyacetal homopolymer, the polyacetal copolymers, and the polyacetal terpolymers. Creep rupture was characterized by the activation volume, υ_c, value in Zhurkov's equation, which can be estimated from the slope in the plots of load versus log (rupture time) at 80°C. The polyacetal polymers with higher molecular weight have larger values of the activation volume than those with lower molecular weight. When the activation volume values are compared among the polyacetal polymers with the same molecular weights, they increase in the following order: the polyacetal homopolymers < the polyacetal copolymers < polyacetal terpolymers. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Creep performance of CNT reinforced glass fiber/epoxy composites: Roles of temperature and stress

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been emerged as a potential nanofiller to reinforce polymeric materials to improve their mechanical properties, like strength and modulus. However, time-dependent deformation of such materials under a constant load and elevated temperature is a matter of concern for long-term durability of these materials. The present article primarily demonstrates the effects of creep temperature and stress on the reinforcement efficiency of CNT in a glass fiber/epoxy (GE) composite. Two types of materials were investigated in this study—GE which was used as a control material, as well as CNT embedded GE composite. To elucidate the impact of CNT on the long-term durability of GE composite, creep tests have been performed at different temperatures (50, 80, and 110 °C) under bending loading. As applied stress has also significant contribution toward the elevated creep deformation of materials, creep tests have also been carried out under different stresses (5, 10, and 40 MPa). The strength of the CNT-GE composite exhibited 8.7 and 18.3% higher than that of control GE composite under tensile and bending load, respectively. Results suggest CNT reinforcement to be beneficial for low temperature applications, both in terms of creep strain and strain rate. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47674.     

紫外辐照交联改性UHMWPE纤维的研究

选取不同生产阶段的超高相对分子质量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维进行紫外辐照交联改性,探讨了正庚烷浸泡时间、交联剂浓度、紫外辐照时间等因素对交联效果、纤维力学性能及蠕变性能的影响.结果表明:UHMWPE纤维在正庚烷中的最佳浸泡时间为48 h;紫外光最佳辐照改性时间为6 min;与初生纤维和成品纤维相比,相同改性条件下冻胶纤...     

Hydrophilic antioxidants of virgin olive oil. Part 2: Biosynthesis and biotransformation of phenolic compounds in virgin olive oil as affected by agronomic and processing factors

The biosynthesis of the phenolic fraction of olive fruits during ripening and the transformations occurring in this moiety during virgin olive oil (VOO) extraction are discussed in this paper. The influence of agronomical factors that can significantly affect the phenolic profile of VOO is also discussed. Particularly, it is worth emphasizing the role of genetic factors, cultivation and climatic conditions such as water availability, atmospheric temperature, altitude, health status of the fruits, alternate bearing in the olive, and some processing factors such as crushing, malaxation time and temperature or volume of water added during milling. Among these parameters, special attention has been paid to genetic factors due to the high variability observed among Olea europaea genotypes for all recorded traits. In this context, interesting experimental results have been obtained with cultivated and wild olive trees, and also with segregating populations resulting from olive breeding programs. To the authors' knowledge, reviews evaluating the influence of the main factors that contribute to the profile of hydrophilic phenols have not been previously published. The discussion concerning olive breeding programs is a major and novel aspect to be emphasized considering recent trends to obtain new olive cultivars that confer better organoleptic properties and better quality to VOO.     

高温高湿盐环境下SBS改性沥青胶浆的高温性能

基于自行设计的室内盐蚀干湿循环试验,采用动态剪切流变仪,对SBS改性沥青胶浆进行温度扫描试验和多重应力重复蠕变恢复(MSCR)试验. 以3.2 kPa应力下的不可恢复蠕变柔量J_nr,3.2为胶浆高温流变性能评价指标,分析试验环境和干湿循环耦合作用对胶浆流变性能的影响. 采用灰色关联理论,探究J_nr,3.2与常规流变参数、干湿循环次数及试验环境之间的关联性. 结果表明,随着盐蚀干湿循环次数的增加,胶浆的复数切变模量、车辙因子及J_nr,3.2均呈增大趋势,相位角和蠕变恢复率呈减小趋势. 在同种试验条件下,硫酸盐环境对胶浆高温性能的影响最大. J_nr,3.2与改进型车辙因子、试验环境的灰色关联度最大,关联度系数均大于0.93. 建议采用日常清扫、定期洒水冲洗的方式来减小路面盐分的积累,提高高温高湿环境中沥青路面的抵抗变形的能力.     

沥青混合料蠕变破坏过程能量损失研究

对不同沥青品种、不同级配类型的十种沥青混合料进行了劈裂蠕变试验，分析了蠕变破坏过程中的能量损失规律。应用能量耗散理论分析蠕变累积能耗与应力水平关系，为用蠕变试验结果预测沥青混合料疲劳性能及建立损伤破坏统一模型奠定基础。     

Physical Simulation to Determine High TemperatureMechanical Behavior of Continuously Cast Steels

Hot ductility and strength of Continuous casting(CC) steels at elevated temperatures from CC processeswere studied by physical simulation. The method is the hot ductility test. The design of test parameters and datainterpretation are discussed. The results show that the bulging of CC steel slabs which is caused by the mechanismof creep has great influence on the formation of central segregation and internal cracks. Creep tests including staticcreep tests and dynamic creep ones were performed at 1200 and 1300℃. Effects of strain rate and temperature onhot ductility are also discussed and a simple model is presented to explain the interaction between hardening and softening.     

利用改进开窗转换法确定沥青离散松弛时间谱

为了精确地获得沥青胶结料的离散松弛时间谱,提出了一种改进开窗转换法的线性黏弹性材料函数转换算法．此方法可以用于离散延迟时间谱和离散松弛时间谱的相互转换．与开窗转换法相比,改进开窗转换法对于时间常数的设置更加精确,并且不会产生负数谱线．将改进开窗转换法用于一种传统非改性沥青的弯曲梁流变仪试验数据的离散延迟时间谱的转换,成功地确定了相应的离散松弛时间谱．经有限元模型验证表明,此离散松弛时间谱能很好地还原该沥青结合料的应力松弛特性．     

A modern and robust methodology for modeling anisotropic creep characteristics of Ni-based DS and SC superalloys

According to more recent work,the Wilshire equations have shown good prediction accuracy in a wide range of materials and stress-temperature conditions,particularly in extrapolation of short term results to long term predictions.In the current paper,this methodology was further developed for modeling anisotropic creep characteristics(i.e.minimum creep strain εmin ,stress rupture life tf and time to a specified strain tε)of four typical Ni-based directionally solidified(DS)and single crystal(SC)superalloys,where a simple orientation factor related to the ultimate tensile strength(UTS)was introduced.The application of these simplistic approaches showed that the anisotropic creep characteristics in a wide range of stress-temperature conditions can be accurately simulated.Meanwhile,during the application of the modified Wilshire equations,break points occurring at the specified stress levels agree well with the transition of creep deformation mechanisms occurring in different stress regions,which provides confidence for using this method.