灌浆工程中水泥水溶性铬（Ⅵ）对地下水的影响

水泥因其较好的综合性能而广泛应用于灌浆工程中,但多数水泥存在水溶性铬（Ⅵ）,可通过施工活动直接带入地表水及地下水中。本文分析了水泥中铬（Ⅵ）的现状,并以某大（2）型水库帷幕灌浆工程为对象,进行了地下水水质调查,结果表明：（1）采用水溶性铬（Ⅵ）含量为2.39 mg/kg的水泥产品进行灌浆,可引起周围地下水水质超标,超标持续时间随地下水更新速度变化,长可达2个月;（2）含铬（Ⅵ）水泥是一种灌浆过程中持续性、硬化后间断性的地下水铬（Ⅵ）污染源,以含铬（Ⅵ）水泥作为主要原材料进行大范围灌浆,存在对地下水造成污染的风险。     

金盆拱坝深厚砂砾石地基处理方法及效果

拱坝对建基面要求相对较高,一般要求建基面开挖至弱风化至新鲜基岩处,而建基面处于非岩石基础上的拱坝则较少。金盆拱坝坝基河床深厚砂砾石基础不能深挖清除,拱坝需直接座于经处理的深厚砂砾石地基上。根据实际地形地质及工程特点,采用多道地下连续墙及高压旋喷桩综合处理的方法对金盆拱坝深厚砂砾石基础进行处理。整体有限元分析结果及试运行期间观测资料均表明,该处理方法安全有效,可为类似工程提供参考。     

坝基封闭防渗抽排系统的设计参数探讨

对于长期在较高下游水位条件下工作的混凝土重力坝,坝基设置封闭防渗抽排系统可有效降低坝底扬压力,提高坝体稳定性,并节省坝体混凝土方量。本文较为系统地探讨了封闭防渗抽排系统的概念,分析了影响防渗排水几何参数的主要因素,确定了有关设计原则,给出了相应计算方法和算例验证,并对当前规范所给方法进行了讨论。     

光照水电站EL.612 m高程以下坝基基础施工

光照水电站位于贵州省关岭县和晴隆县交界的北盘江中游,是北盘江干流的龙头梯级电站。电站地处梯级电站地区,地质条件复杂,大坝防渗帷幕由延伸至两岸的主体防渗帷幕和坝后辅助防渗帷幕组成,帷幕灌浆最大深度约115 m,设计最大灌浆压力为6 MPa。主要介绍EL.612 m高程以下坝基基础处理施工技术。     

高应力软岩巷道锚注一体化联合支护技术应用

介绍了国家专利注锚剂、中空注浆锚索等产品,以国家能源麦朵山煤矿11采区2煤辅助运输巷为研究对象,采用数值模拟、理论分析、现场测试及井下试验相结合的综合研究方法,对11采区2煤辅助运输巷采用锚注一体联合支护技术,来实现对岩体裂隙注浆,使浆料与岩体结为一体,在围岩与支护体共同作用过程中,实现强岩增荷的作用,维护巷道的稳定性,实现工作面的安全生产。     

立井过砂岩富含水层工作面预注浆分析

郑煤集团杨河煤业43采区樊寨副立井施工中需要穿过预计涌水量187 m³/h、厚57 m的砂岩含水层。针对第1回次采用普通水泥工作面预注浆、吸浆量少、升压快、效果差、达不到预期目的等不利情况，在后3回次采用大压力，白银水泥、超细水泥等新材料、单孔上下端正反同时注浆新工艺，采用压注清水、水玻璃，利用水玻璃的黏性，反复冲洗钻孔把细小裂隙中锈蚀颗粒带出，打开注浆通道，同时针对竖向裂隙多、横向裂隙不联系，加密钻孔布置，缩小注浆段高，取得了较好的注浆效果。     

Mid-scale biocemented soil columns via enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP)

Biocemented soil columns were created at a reduced scale (mid-scale) using enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) as a prelude to field scale deployment. Approximately 0.3 m diameter × 0.75 m long columns were created using a tube-à-manchette grouting technique in 0.6 m × 0.6 m × 1.2 m boxes filled with a dry washed quarry sand. Treatment solution composition and treatment protocol, including number of cycles of treatment and time interval between cycles, were established based upon laboratory testing. The urease enzyme used in the treatment solution was extracted from jack beans in a just-in-time manner on site. The biocemented soil columns were characterized in situ using shear wave velocity, needle penetrometer and pocket penetrometer testing, dimensional measurements, and by unconfined compression strength (UCS) and carbonate content measurements on specimens recovered from the columns. The in situ measurements indicated the target UCS of 500 kPa was achieved. However, the UCS tests on recovered specimens had inconsistent results, which may be attributed to sample disturbance. Overall, the results demonstrate that EICP is a viable method for creating biocemented soil columns for ground improvement.     

新义煤矿井筒淋水治理实践

新义煤矿结合主、副井淋水与生产情况,分别对主井采用了长、短钻孔结合的办法进行了壁后注浆,副井采用了截水槽导流办法对井筒淋水进行了治理,通过治理井筒淋水得到了有效地控制,从而保证了安全生产。     

Laboratory investigation on the use of thermally enhanced phase change material to improve the performance of borehole heat exchangers for ground source heat pumps

Ground source heat pumps have high efficiency and high capital cost primarily due to borehole drillings. This research investigates the inclusion of high‐conductivity phase change material (PCM) in the borehole heat exchanger of a ground source heat pump to reduce the borehole length required and improve its coefficient of performance (COP). In the laboratory model, the borehole heat exchanger was represented by a cylindrical electrical heater having a total power of 9.216 W, operating for 1 hour while resting for 3 hours. Surrounding the heater in the annular region, either soil, PCM, or high‐conductivity PCM was used as grouting material. The annular region was surrounded by a large amount of soil enclosed in a large bin as a representation of ground soil. The high‐conductivity graphite was impregnated with the commercial PCM “PureTemp29.” Results from the experiments revealed that the PCM is able to decrease the temperature fluctuations in the annular and soil regions, while graphite increases the thermal conductivity of the annular region and hence increases the rate of heat dissipation from the heater to the soil surrounding it. The maximum COP values of a ground source heat pump calculated assuming ideal reversed Carnot cycle for cooling mode showed an increase of approximately 81% with PCM and by 112% with graphite‐enhanced PCM.