余能原理基面力元法在重力坝应力分析中的应用

介绍了二维线弹性问题的余能原理基面力元法。该方法以基线力表征物体的受力状态,以其对偶量位移梯度表征物体的变形状态。通过重力坝算例与平面4节点等参元（Q4模型）和平面4节点减缩积分单元（Q4R模型）的对比分析,探讨了基面力元法应用于重力坝应力分析的可行性。数值分析结果表明,基于余能原理的基面力元法具有较高的计算精度,可以应用于重力坝应力分析问题,有较广阔的应用前景。     

万家寨水库上游新增二线黄河大桥防凌试验分析

主要从河道上新增建的准格尔二线黄河大桥对万家寨水库防凌的影响方向着手,试验研究了桥梁建成前后,新老桥上下游所形成冰坝的形态、冰坝壅冰壅水情况及其影响范围,通过沿程铺冰及是否增加岸冰进行对比分析,从而为修建新桥的合理性提供依据.     

拱坝体形优化研究进展

简要回顾了近年来拱坝体形优化理论研究的进展及成果,指出了今后在应用中将面对的困难及发展前景。     

丹江口大坝加高工程新老混凝土结合施工方案

介绍了为丹江口大坝加高工程所作的新老混凝土结合的试验及新老混凝土结合的施工方案。     

丹江口溢流坝段闸墩加固钻孔植筋施工

介绍了应用钻孔植筋方法加固丹江口大坝溢流坝段闸墩的工艺试验及施工过程。     

水东碾压混凝土重力坝补强加固的实施

水东坝因部分碾压混凝土质量较差,产生裂缝,导致坝体严重渗漏和析钙,影响其安全运行。介绍补强加固处理方案和方案实施后取得的效果。     

Seepage safety monitoring model for an earth rock dam under influence of high-impact typhoons based on particle swarm optimization algorithm

Extreme hydrological events induced by typhoons in reservoir areas have presented severe challenges to the safe operation of hydraulic structures. Based on analysis of the seepage characteristics of an earth rock dam, a novel seepage safety monitoring model was constructed in this study. The nonlinear influence processes of the antecedent reservoir water level and rainfall were assumed to follow normal distributions. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was used to optimize the model parameters so as to raise the fitting accuracy. In addition, a mutation factor was introduced to simulate the sudden increase in the piezometric level induced by short-duration heavy rainfall and the possible historical extreme reservoir water level during a typhoon. In order to verify the efficacy of this model, the earth rock dam of the Siminghu Reservoir was used as an example. The piezometric level at the SW1-2 measuring point during Typhoon Fitow in 2013 was fitted with the present model, and a corresponding theoretical expression was established. Comparison of fitting results of the piezometric level obtained from the present statistical model and traditional statistical model with monitored values during the typhoon shows that the present model has a higher fitting accuracy and can simulate the uprush feature of the seepage pressure during the typhoon perfectly.     

滩坑水电站面板堆石坝筑坝新工艺

滩坑水电站筑坝施工防渗墙施工不留龙口,实施先闭气后截流的导截流施工方案,使工期提前1个多月。采用抛石挤淤工艺,实现了基坑深覆盖层坝基开挖快速施工。汛期适当提高坝体填筑高程,在坝面高差处设置超径石保护,坝面经多次过流冲刷少,同时大大减少了溢洪道备料开挖。坝内预埋水管,高压水泵直供坝面喷射洒水,洒水均匀且经济安全。利用液压挖掘机作导向地锚,推土机牵引进行斜坡碾压,不需专用设备,坡面碾压质量好,实现了高面板坝优质快速施工。     

光纤陀螺系统在水布垭工程中的应用

针对堆石体沉降和面板挠度的传统监测仪器对高面板堆石坝监测的局限性,提出了高面板堆石坝监测仪器革新的迫切需要,通过介绍光纤陀螺系统的监测原理和在水布垭工程的实践结果,说明了光纤陀螺监测系统在高面板堆石坝应用的可行性,为面板堆石坝堆石体沉降和面板挠度监测开拓了新的思路。     

改进的混凝土重力拱坝温度荷载分析

针对目前拱坝规范中温度荷载不能较好地考虑重力拱坝内部温度的非线性变化,由外界气温变化对混凝土内部温度影响的理论分析及坝体温度计测值的综合分析,对年变化温度荷载的计算进行了改进：仅对外界气温变化影响较显著的距坝体外表面10 m左右区域的混凝土温度进行等效,假设中间区域的温度无变化。这可一定程度考虑坝体内部温度的非线性变化。对某重力拱坝进行分析,得到的结论是：①采用本文提出的考虑坝内温度非线性变化的温度荷载方法计算的应力较规范计算的应力,在下游面拉应力有较大增长,而上游面压应力有所减小;②计算坝体的变形与规范法计算的变形较接近,但截面上的应力分布不同。