乙烯氧化制环氧乙烷固定床反应器的模拟及稳定性分析

在筛选出合适的乙烯氧化制环氧乙烷动力学方程的基础上,对工业固定床氧化反应器进行一维和二维模型的模拟计算。考察操作工艺参数对反应器稳定性、转化率影响的敏感性以及N_2和CH_4做致稳气时反应温度和转化率的轴向、径向分布。     

Thermal Stability of Some Metabolically Conjugated Potential Precursors of Flavor Components in Meat and Milk

The stability of selected metabolic conjugates (phenylphosphate, phenylglucuronide, naphthylglucuronide, and naphthylsulfate) was evaluated in model systems. Phenylphosphate was less stable than the glucuronides and the sulfate, especially under neutral (pH 6.8) and acidic conditions (pH 1.5). Phenylphosphate was completely degraded after 1.7 hr at 100°C, and after 0.3 hr at 150°C at pH 6.8. The glucuronide and sulfate conjugates were especially stable under neutral conditions (pH 6.8) requiring > 5 hr for complete hydrolysis at 100°C. All conjugates were quite stable to hydrolysis under alkaline conditions (pH 11). The presence of certain organic solvents (ethyl acetate or ethyl ether) caused rapid hydrolysis of conjugates under very mild conditions (40°C for 30 min). This information may improve under-standing of flavor production from animal products.     

NUMERICAL MODEL FOR DYNAMIC SIMULATION OF TRAFFIC FLOW

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The As-prepared surfaces of C-axis-oriented Nd1Ba2Cu3Oy thin films characterized using scanning probe microscopes

Recently, superconducting Nd₁Ba₂Cu₃O_y (Ndl23) thin films with high superconducting transition temperature (T _c) have been successfully fabricated at our institute employing the standard laser ablation method. In this paper, we report the results of surface characterization of the Nd123 thin films using an ultrahigh vacuum scanning tunneling microscope/spectroscopy (UHV-STM/STS) and an atomic force microscope (AFM) system operated in air. Clear spiral pattern is observed on the surfaces of Nd123 thin films by STM and AFM, suggesting that films are formed by two-dimensional island growth mode. Contour plots of the spirals show that the step heights of the spirals are not always the integer or half-integer number of thec-axis parameter of the structure. This implies that the surface natural termination layer of the films may not be unique. This result is supported byI-V STS measurements. The surface morphology of the Nd123 thin films is compared with that of thec-axis-oriented Y₁Ba₂Cu₃S_y thin films. Surface atomic images of the as-prepared Nd123 thin films are obtained employing both STM and AFM. STS measurements show that most of the surfaces are semiconductive. The results of STS measurements together with the fact that we are able to see the surface atomic images using scanning probe microscopes suggest that exposure to air does not cause serious degradation to the as-prepared surfaces of Nd123 thin films.     

Numerical solution of the kinematic dynamo problem for Beltrami flows in a sphere

The article discusses computational aspects of the kinematic problem of magnetic field generation by a Beltrami flow in a sphere. Galerkin's method is applied with a functional basis consisting of Laplace operator eigenfunctions. Dominant eigenvalues of the magnetic induction operator and associated magnetic eigenmodes are obtained numerically for a certain Beltrami flow for magnetic Reynolds numbers up to 100. The eigenvalue problem is solved by a highly optimized iterative procedure, which is quite general and can be applied to numerical treatment of arbitrary linear stability problems.     

动态模糊神经网络在大坝变形预报中的应用

针对静态模糊神经网络的局限性,提出了在线动态建模的模糊神经网络方法.当新增样本进入训练集之后,根据新样本对模型的贡献大小,在已有模型的基础上进行动态修正,这样可以减少建模的计算时间.新方法实现了增加样本而矩阵阶数不增加,避免了矩阵求逆运算,理论上可以提高计算效率.实例表明动态模糊神经网络方法是可行的,可实现持久预报,具有较强的适应能力和较高的预报精度,可应用于在线实时变形预报及相关领域.     

有机盐聚合醇氯化钾钻井液的应用

霍尔果斯背斜构造极其复杂,内应力极高,地层倾角大,断层、破碎带多,并存在高低压互层;安集海河组的灰绿色软泥岩水化严重并具有粘弹塑性.该区块重点探井霍003井三开、四开井段选用有机盐聚合醇氯化钾钻井液,同时为保证钻井液在高密度下（2.55 g/cm^3）具有好的流变性,使用活化铁矿粉、活化重晶石加重.应用结果表明,由于采用了强抑制和多元封堵的措施,该钻井液具有良好的流变性和较强的携带能力,钻进中曾携带出重2.8 kg和5.1kg的大掉块;滤失量低,泥饼质量好,封堵能力强,造壁能力强,减轻了井下阻卡程度;有良好的储层保护能力;在室内研究的基础上,经过现场合理使用和维护钻井液,霍003井提高了机械钻速,缩短了钻井周期,井身质量优于邻井.指出在高密度下,未选出适合有机盐聚合醇氯化钾钻井液的稀释剂,钻井液流动性较差.     

鸭池河水电站压力钢管外压稳定性设计

采用解析法和半解析有限元法分别对鸭池河水电站埋藏式加劲压力钢管进行外压稳定性计算。在计算分析过程中,考虑了初始缺陷因素对埋藏式加劲压力钢管抗外压稳定性的影响,使得计算结果更加接近于工程实际;从而为埋藏式加劲压力钢管的外压稳定性计算提出了一种更加行之有效的方法。     

大朝山水电站碾压混凝土重力坝台阶式溢流面设计

大朝山水电站碾压混凝土重力坝的最大坝高为111m,设计洪水位为899m(500年一遇),此时,表孔下泄的设计流量为9992m3/s,堰顶设计单宽流量为132.7m3(/s·m)。通过多次表孔水工模型试验研究和近三年表孔泄水运行,验证了大朝山水电站碾压混凝土重力坝的表孔采用宽尾墩、台阶式溢流面和戽式消力池联合消能的设计方案是合理可行的,为全段面碾压混凝土重力坝和表孔溢流面的设计开拓了新的思路。     

糯扎渡水电站枢纽区主要工程地质问题研究

糯扎渡水电站工程规模巨大、枢纽区工程地质条件复杂，坝址右岸分布有构造软弱岩带等。在对枢纽区进行大量勘探、试验和对主要工程地质问题进行深入分析研究的基础上，选择了较适合枢纽区地形地质条件的水工建筑物布置格局，并对各主要建筑物提出了评价意见。