构件化信息系统开发方法研究

首先由传统的信息系统开发方式的缺陷引出了软件构件化概念,然后对构件的属性、构件开发标准规范、信息系统构件化开发方法进行了介绍,最后给出了一种信息系统构件化开发框架探讨信息系统的构件化开发方法。     

汉字构形及其在现代标志设计中的运用

汉字是传递信息的重要载体,是东方文化的象征,特别是对中国文化具有标志性的代表作用。汉字历经上下数千年的发展和演变,不但使社会文化得以传承和积累,而且字体本身也在变化之中,有着博大精深的文化内涵和异乎寻常的艺术魅力。     

Controller design for flexible structure vibration suppression with robustness to contacts

Model-based feedback control of vibration in flexible structures can be complicated by the possibility that interaction with an external body occurs. If not accounted for, instability or poor performance may result. In this paper, a method is proposed for achieving robust vibration control of flexible structures under contact. The method uses robust linear state feedback, coupled with a state estimation scheme utilizing contact force measurement. Uncertain contact characteristics are modelled by a sector-bounded non-linear function, such that state feedback gains can be synthesized using a matrix inequality formulation of the Popov stability criterion. A separation theorem is used to establish a robust H₂ cost bound for the closed loop system. Experimental results from a multi-mode flexible structure testbed confirm that vibration attenuation and stability can be maintained over a broad range of contact characteristics, in terms of compliance and clearance.     

一种计及频率偏移的谐波与邻近间谐波估计方法

新能源大规模并网会诱导电力信号中出现关于基波/谐波对称的邻近间谐波对或单个邻近间谐波。对信号中各频率成分进行参数估计时,往往需要获知邻近间谐波的类型以构建准确的计算模型。而当电网频率偏离额定值时,频谱泄露干扰将使该要求难以实现。为此,本文提出一种在频率偏移时依然有效的邻近间谐波类型判据及基于此判据的谐波与邻近间谐波参数估计方法。首先,通过分析频率偏移与泄露谱线的映射关系,抑制基波与谐波的频谱泄露以提取邻近间谐波谱线;然后,通过对比不同类型邻近间谐波的频谱差异,提出利用谱线比值作为邻近间谐波类型判据;最后,基于邻近间谐波类型信息,构建邻近间谐波谱线方程以精准估计谐波及邻近间谐波参数。本文所提方法在频率偏移时仍能准确判断邻近间谐波的类型,并能实现更精准的参数估计,仿真验证了本文方法的准确性。     

基于方差变化率判据-四分位的风电场功率异常数据识别

风电场运行中产生了数量巨大的历史数据,而提升历史数据的质量是实现风电场高效智能运维的前提。为此,文中分析了风电场风功率数据的分布特征和形成机理,提出基于方差变化率判据-四分位法组合的风电场风功率异常数据识别方法。首先,利用物理规则对原始风功率曲线进行预处理,剔除明显异常的数据;然后,利用风功率方差变化率判据法识别并清洗风功率曲线的堆积型异常功率数据点,判据的阈值借助箱型图自动获取;同时,利用四分位法识别并清洗剩余的离散型异常数据点;最后,通过算例验证了所提算法的可行性。研究结果表明所提算法具有易实现、效率高和通用性强的优点,其异常识别效果优于局部离群因子(local outlier factor,LOF)算法和Thompson tau-四分位算法,其耗时比LOF和Thompson tau-四分位算法分别减少9.6 s和0.49 s,且在5个不同位置的风电场验证了所提算法的通用性。     

单边限幅参与的并网VSC系统次同步振荡近似分析

针对电力电子设备引起的次同步振荡问题,现有研究集中在无法计及限幅的小信号模型分析或考虑限幅对称的近似分析,但极少考虑不对称的单边限幅的影响。针对不对称的单边d轴电流限幅(AU-d-CL,或上电流饱和限幅)参与的并网电压源换流器(voltage source converter,VSC)系统的次同步振荡现象,采用单边限幅的描述函数和广义Nyquist判据进行近似分析。具体地,首先,建立了并网VSC系统的简化模型,分析了其小扰动稳定性,并分析了AU-d-CL参与的负阻尼振荡现象。其次,给出了VSC系统的频域模型和AU-d-CL的描述函数。最后,结合AU-d-CL的描述函数和广义Nyquist判据,近似计算了不同参数和限幅值时的振荡幅值和频率,结果表明计算结果和仿真结果基本一致,可解释次同步振荡在限幅值改变时,频率基本不变,振荡幅值变化的现象。     

破坏准则模糊性对心墙堆石坝地震易损性影响北大核心CSCD

心墙堆石坝地震破坏是渐变的过程,目前地震易损性研究均采用确定性的破坏准则;然而由于对破坏等级认知的局限性,导致地震破坏等级的划分具有模糊性。针对上述问题,本文提出考虑破坏准则模糊性的心墙堆石坝地震易损性分析方法。首先,采用模糊集理论将大坝破坏等级界限值模糊化,并提出能够反映隶属度函数形式和模糊区间大小的模糊度系数来量化地震模糊破坏等级;其次,依据地震模糊破坏等级推导地震易损性函数模糊-概率积分计算公式,弥补目前地震易损性函数计算公式依据确定性破坏准则的不足,并结合概率地震需求模型,获得破坏准则模糊条件下的大坝地震易损性曲线,得到坝体结构在不同地震强度作用下产生各个等级破坏的概率。将所提方法应用于糯扎渡心墙堆石坝地震易损性分析中,结果表明:考虑破坏准则模糊性获得的地震易损性曲线与传统易损性曲线趋势一致;在破坏准则模糊性条件下,相同坝顶震陷率对于发生高等级破坏的隶属度增加,导致在一定的地震动强度下,坝体发生高等级破坏的概率有所增加;此外,模糊度系数越大,破坏准则模糊性对地震易损性的影响越大。     

CMOS图像传感器辐照损伤效应仿真模拟研究进展

CMOS图像传感器(CIS)工作在空间辐射或核辐射环境中遭受的辐照损伤问题备受关注。对CIS辐照损伤效应进行仿真模拟研究有助于深入揭示辐照损伤机理,进而开展抗辐射加固设计,有效提升CIS抗辐照能力。文章通过梳理国内外开展CIS辐照损伤效应仿真模拟研究方面的进展情况,结合课题组已开展的电子元器件辐照效应仿真模拟和实验研究基础,从CIS器件建模、时序驱动电路建模、辐照损伤效应建模、仿真模拟结果校验等方面探讨了CIS辐照损伤效应的仿真模拟方法,分析总结了当前CIS辐照效应仿真模拟研究中亟待解决的关键技术问题。     

Evaluation of pore structure and its influence on permeability and moisture damage in asphalt concrete

This study evaluates the pore structure of asphalt concrete (AC) samples by measuring the different components of pore space and their contributions to permeability and moisture damage. Three components of the total pore space namely permeable, dead-end and isolated pores are quantified using tracer test, which is a combination of permeameter and salt concentration measuring meter. Permeable pores become impermeable if an AC sample is compacted below 5% air voids. Permeable pores increase with an increase in sample radius. It is observed from this study that the permeable pore has a good correlation with permeability, whereas total pore shows a poor correlation with permeability. The effects of permeable and dead-end pores on moisture damage of asphalt concrete are evaluated using a moisture induced sensitivity testing device and the AASHTO T 283 method. It is observed that permeable and dead-end pores do not contribute to moisture damage of AC samples.     

Impact of asphalt concrete fatigue endurance limit definition on pavement performance prediction

Many well-constructed Hot Mix Asphalt pavements have been in service for 40 or more years without any evidence of fatigue cracking. This field experience suggests that there exists a strain level, known as the fatigue endurance limit (FEL), below which an asphalt concrete pavement will not exhibit fatigue cracks. Several studies have been conducted to define and verify this limit. Each of these methods is associated with certain assumptions regarding the nature of the FEL and heretofore a comprehensive comparison of each has not been made using a consistent set of mixtures. Likewise, the impact of any observed differences in FEL on the predicted pavement performance has not been made. This paper investigates and compares six different methods for identifying the FEL: NCHRP 9–44A approach, simplified viscoelastic continuum damage model, smeared-healing with continuum damage model, plateau value approach, pseudo-strain analysis method, and reduced cycles method. Each method is found to yield different values ranges from approximately 30–170 microstrains at 21.1 °C. The predicted FEL from each of the six methods are then used with the mechanistic empirical design algorithm to evaluate their effects on predicted pavement performance. Simulation outputs show different pavement performance and perpetual pavement structural design thicknesses from each of the methods. The study outcomes are expected to benefit future field verification research of FEL as it provides comprehensive analyses using six different methods. This future verification research may indicate the method that best represents actual perpetual pavement design and performance.