Environmentally friendly preparation of a strong basic anion exchange fibers and its application in sugar decolorization

An efficient route for the synthesis of a strong basic anion exchange fibers is described. In this synthesis route, the commercially available p-chloromethylstyrene was directly grafted onto a polypropylene fiber substrate, which eliminated the need of the highly carcinogenic chloromethyl methyl ether in the chloromethylation of grafting fiber. Several interdependent parameters such as monomer concentration, bath ratio and the influence of solvents on the grafting copolymerization were investigated. The removal efficiency of sugar colorants by the anion exchange fibers was evaluated. The results show that simultaneous irradiation and grafting p-chloromethylstyrene onto polypropylene fiber can obtain a good grafting level under appropriate conditions. The optimal monomer concentration and bath ratio are 40% and 1:30 for a moderate grafting degree and the suitable solvent is toluene. The grafted fiber changed from flexible to rigid. And the prepared material maintains stable before 134.5 °C. The static ion exchange capacity of the synthesized anion exchange fiber is up to 4.72 mmol g⁻¹ and the fiber possesses better ability to remove sugar colorants. The experimental results indicate that the decolorization ratio of the product anion exchange fibers was greater than that of commercial material.     

Decolorization of textile dyes by Bjerkandera sp. BOL 13 using waste biomass as carbon source

BACKGROUND: Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Trametes versicolor and Bjerkandera sp BOL13 were compared for decolorization of azo dyes supplied individually or as a mixture. The dye decolorization was also evaluated during continuous treatment under non‐sterile conditions using a lignocellulosic growth substrate. RESULTS: Bjerkandera sp BOL13 showed the highest dye decolorization potential. This fungus was also found to support high decolorization of Remazol Red RR at an initial pH of 4‐6 and when using straw as co‐substrate. The fungus was evaluated for Remazol Red RR decolorization in a continuously fed packed‐bed bioreactor operated under non‐sterile conditions with 3 days of hydraulic retention time. When glucose was supplied as growth‐substrate, decolorization efficiencies of 65‐90% were maintained for 12 days in a bioreactor packed with wooden material. The decolorization efficiency was lower when glucose was not fed to the fungus or when a plastic material was used as packing. Higher manganese peroxidase and laccase activities were also recorded when the wood packing was used. Contamination caused a drop in decolorization efficiency after 17‐19 days operation. CONCLUSIONS: The potential of Bjerkandera sp BOL13 for decolorization of azo dyes under non‐sterile conditions using lignocellulosic growth substrates was demonstrated. Research is needed to reduce contamination under non‐sterile conditions. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

微波制备有机膨润土用于生化中药废水处理尾水脱色的试验

利用长碳链季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂(十六烷基三甲基溴化铵,CTMAB)在微波辐射条件下对以广西宁明膨润土制得的钠基膨润土进行改性,得到有机膨润土.利用其对经生化处理后的中药废水尾水进行脱色处理,考察了不同的工艺条件如吸附时间、膨润土投加量、反应温度、pH值对中药废水脱色效果的影响.结果表明:pH对脱色效果有影响,体系以物理吸附为主.当吸附剂用量为3.5 g/L、吸附时间为25 m in、吸附温度为32℃,不调节pH值,经生化处理后的中药废水尾水脱色率可达97%,且其吸附脱色能力大于活性炭.     

Effect of molasses on the production and activity of dye-decolorizing peroxidase from Geotrichum candidum Dec1

The production of dye-decolorizing peroxidase (DyP) was investigated by cultivating Geotrichum candidum Dec1 using molasses as a carbon source. Molasses at concentrations greater than 10 g·l⁻¹ was found to increase the decolorization activity of the culture broth toward dye, reactive blue 5 mainly because the amount of enzyme produced was enhanced. However, complete inhibition of DyP activity by molasses was observed at the concentration of 20 g·l⁻¹, indicating that the inhibitory effect of molasses on the culture broth activity to decolorize the dye was involved. When the culture broth was diluted 25 times, the dye-decolorizing activity was 7 times as much as that of non-diluted culture broth. The molasses fractions separated by gel chromatography (300–400 ml and 400–500 ml fractions) completely inhibited the purified DyP. On the basis of these results, we propose a scheme to control both positive and negative effects of molasses on the dye decolorization process.     

海水在碱性印染废水处理中的研究

实验采用海水对实际印染废水进行处理.考察了pH、海水投加量、温度以及沉淀时间等对脱色率的影响,同时对海水脱色的机理进行了探讨.结果表明,废水的脱色率主要受pH、海水投加量的影响.海水在适宜的条件下对实际印染废水的脱色率可达到99%以上,CODCr去除率可达到57%.     

醋酸酯阳离子两性淀粉印染废水处理剂的合成及应用

用低取代度的醋酸酯淀粉与阳离子醚化剂反应而合成了一种新型两性淀粉印染废水处理剂,通过考察醚化反应体系的p H、反应时间、反应温度及醚化剂的用量对阳离子取代度的影响,确定最佳反应条件为:反应体系p H=11,反应温度45℃,反应时间8 h。并测试了不同阳离子取代度的醋酸酯阳离子两性淀粉水处理剂对印染废水色度去除率,确定阴离子取代度0.074 5、阳离子取代度0.013 1的两性淀粉脱色效果最好。     

泰克比奥污水处理系统实验研究

以印染废水为处理对象,以泰克比奥污水处理有限公司的树脂回用系统为吸附剂,选取氯化钠溶液为主要再生剂进行了实验研究。结果表明:该系统对印染废水有良好的吸附性能,具有处理时间短、操作简便、性价比出色等优点,应用前景良好。     

微波辐射-吸附催化法处理孔雀石绿染料废水的研究

采用微波辐射-活性炭吸附催化法,研究其处理孔雀石绿染料废水的可行性及其影响处理过程的因素和规律。结果表明:微波辐射-吸附催化法对孔雀石绿染料废水具有较好的处理效果,当孔雀石绿染料废水的质量浓度为250 mg/L,活性炭的投加量为36 g/L,辐射电压为165 V,辐射时间为20 min时,脱色率可达83%;增加活性炭用量、处理时间和染料废水浓度均能提高微波-吸附催化法处理孔雀石绿染料废水的脱色率;微波辐射可加快活性炭吸附催化孔雀石绿的速率,具有加速孔雀石绿裂解和氧化速率的作用。     

樱桃番茄果脯糖煮液的澄清与脱色研究

对樱桃番茄果脯生产中废糖液的澄清与脱色方法进行了研究,采用明胶澄清、活性炭脱色处理,并考察了温度、时间、糖浓度等因素对脱色效果的影响。结果表明:采用1%的明胶混合均匀后在室温8～12℃下静置5～10h,澄清效果好。活性炭对樱桃番茄果脯糖煮液的脱色效果明显,在pH4、搅拌速度120r/min的条件下、80℃、30min、糖液浓度为50%时脱色效果最好。     

δ型层状MnO2治理碱性染料废水

以层状粉末MnO2为处理剂，对含碱性染料罗丹明B的模拟印染废水进行静态脱色试验。考察了处理时间、体系pH值、MnO2投加量和温度等对脱色的影响，得出了吸附等温方程；采用FT-IR和XPS初步分析了脱色机理。结果表明，投加不同量的MnO2后，10min内基本可达到脱色平衡；较低的pH值和较高的MnO2投加量有助于脱色；温度对脱色影响不大。pH值为3和7时，MnO2对罗丹明B染料的吸附符合Langmuir和Freundlich等温方程；该脱色过程是羟基键合与电性吸附的迭加。